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  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini and Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke. 2013;44:1525-1531, originally published May 24, 2013

  https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

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  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini, Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke June 2013, 44 (6) 1525-1531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

  

  Figure.

  Good clinical outcome at 90 days for National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) race-by...

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  Good clinical outcome at 90 days for National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) race-by-sex subgroups relative to the pPREDICTS natural history model of acute ischemic stroke. The pPREDICTS outcome model shows percentage of subjects achieving modified Rankin Score (mRS) ≤2 based on baseline NIHSS and age. The NINDS subgroup results are superimposed on the model at the corresponding baseline NIHSS and age. Placebo outcomes were close to the predicted model for all subgroups (proximity of the control results to the middle outcome surface). Significant improvement with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) was seen for both white sexes (A; both rtPA outcomes are above the P=0.05 interval). Black men showed improvement with rtPA that was only slightly below the P=0.05 interval. However, there was no improvement for black women (arrow; B). Although the percentage that achieved an mRS of 0–2 was higher in the rtPA-treated black women group, this increase can be accounted for by baseline imbalance that favored better outcomes. NIHSS indicates National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.

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  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini, Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke June 2013, 44 (6) 1525-1531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

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  Table 1.

  Post-Euclidean Matching ResultsShow More

  Post-Euclidean Matching ResultsShow Less
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  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini, Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke June 2013, 44 (6) 1525-1531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

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  Table 2.

  Post-Euclidean Matching for Black Women Treated With Placebo or Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen ActivatorShow More

  Post-Euclidean Matching for Black Women Treated With Placebo or Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen ActivatorShow Less
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  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini, Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke June 2013, 44 (6) 1525-1531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

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  Table 3.

  Postmatch Results for Women, by Race for the Combined National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Tulane, and University of Alabama at Bi...Show More

  Postmatch Results for Women, by Race for the Combined National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Tulane, and University of Alabama at Birmingham CohortShow Less
• You have access

  Explicit Consideration of Baseline Factors to Assess Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Response With Respect to Race and Sex

  Pitchaiah Mandava, Santosh B. Murthy, Melody Munoz, Dawn McGuire, Roger P. Simon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild, Sharyl Martini, Thomas A. Kent

  Stroke June 2013, 44 (6) 1525-1531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001116

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  Table 4.

  Postmatch Results for Men, by Race for the Combined National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Tulane, and University of Alabama at Birm...Show More

  Postmatch Results for Men, by Race for the Combined National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Tulane, and University of Alabama at Birmingham CohortShow Less
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  Endotoxin Preconditioning Prevents Cellular Inflammatory Response During Ischemic Neuroprotection in Mice

  Holly L. Rosenzweig, Nikola S. Lessov, David C. Henshall, Manabu Minami, Roger P. Simon and Mary P. Stenzel-Poore

  Stroke. 2004;35:2576-2581, originally published October 28, 2004

  https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000143450.04438.ae

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  Endotoxin Preconditioning Prevents Cellular Inflammatory Response During Ischemic Neuroprotection in Mice

  Holly L. Rosenzweig, Nikola S. Lessov, David C. Henshall, Manabu Minami, Roger P. Simon, Mary P. Stenzel-Poore

  Stroke November 2004, 35 (11) 2576-2581; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000143450.04438.ae

  

  Figure 1. Effect of LPS preconditioning on infarct size. Mice were pretreated with LPS or s...

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  Figure 1. Effect of LPS preconditioning on infarct size. Mice were pretreated with LPS or saline 48 hours before MCAO. Infarcts were assessed 48 hours after MCAO and quantified as percentage area of ischemic hemisphere. Values are mean±SEM; *P<0.05 vs saline treatment; n=12 mice per group.

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  Endotoxin Preconditioning Prevents Cellular Inflammatory Response During Ischemic Neuroprotection in Mice

  Holly L. Rosenzweig, Nikola S. Lessov, David C. Henshall, Manabu Minami, Roger P. Simon, Mary P. Stenzel-Poore

  Stroke November 2004, 35 (11) 2576-2581; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000143450.04438.ae

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  TABLE 1. Effect of LPS Preconditioning on No. of CD11b+ Cells in Ischemic Brain Tissue...

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  TABLE 1. Effect of LPS Preconditioning on No. of CD11b+ Cells in Ischemic Brain Tissue

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• You have access

  Endotoxin Preconditioning Prevents Cellular Inflammatory Response During Ischemic Neuroprotection in Mice

  Holly L. Rosenzweig, Nikola S. Lessov, David C. Henshall, Manabu Minami, Roger P. Simon, Mary P. Stenzel-Poore

  Stroke November 2004, 35 (11) 2576-2581; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000143450.04438.ae

  

  Figure 2. Effect of LPS preconditioning on microglial activation in brain after MCAO. Activ...

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  Figure 2. Effect of LPS preconditioning on microglial activation in brain after MCAO. Activated microglia populations were quantified by flow cytometry in ischemic and nonischemic brain hemispheres (dashed line) 48 hours after MCAO in LPS-preconditioned mice. A, Representative flow cytometric plot of the ischemic hemisphere of an individual mouse. Arrow indicates activated microglia (CD45-hi and CD11b-hi) present after MCAO but diminished in LPS-preconditioned mice. B, Values are mean percentage of activated microglia of total population±SEM; *P<0.05 vs saline-treated mice; n=8 to 12 mice per group.

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