Abstract 19316: Family History of Cardiovascular Disease in a First Degree Relative is Associated with High Risk Profile, but not Healthier Lifestyle

Abstract

Background: Family history (FH) of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke is a risk factor for personal CVD. Engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors and preventative health screenings may lessen risk. Objective: To compare CVD risk profiles, lifestyle behaviors, and health screening practices of rural Kentucky residents with and without high-risk FH and examine the association of FH with personal CVD diagnosis.

Methods: Data were obtained from 687 participants (77% female; age 49 ± 13 years) who completed a FH questionnaire. High-risk FH was defined as having one or more first degree relatives with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke before age 60 years. CVD risk profile was assessed using the Framingham 10-year risk score for CVD. MOS-Specific Adherence Scale items on activity and diet were used to assess lifestyle behaviors, with unhealthy behavior defined as the response “none of the time” on the 4-point Likert scale. Screening was determined by asking about frequency of blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol checks by a health professional. Self-reported diagnosis of MI, heart failure, and stroke was used to assess personal CVD. Differences in CVD risk profile, lifestyle behaviors, and screening between those with and without high-risk FH were evaluated using independent samples t-test or Chi square tests. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of FH with personal CVD, controlling for gender, age, and diabetes.

Results: A total of 36.8% had a high-risk FH. Those with a high-risk FH had significantly worse CVD risk profiles than those without (p = .001). The only significant difference in lifestyle behaviors was greater adherence to a low saturated/trans fat diet among persons with high-risk FH compared to those without (80.6% vs. 73.7%, p = .04); no significant differences in screening practices were found. Participants with high-risk FH had a 2.5 times greater odds of personal CVD diagnosis (95% CI 1.4 - 2.5, p = .002).

Conclusion: Despite having greater personal risk and worse CVD risk profiles than those without, individuals with a high-risk FH of MI or stroke had similar lifestyle and screening behaviors. Robust preventative interventions are needed to promote effective risk-reduction for high risk individuals.