Published Online
on October 1, 2007

A more recent version of this article appeared on October 9, 2007

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Submitted on February 5, 2007
Accepted on July 27, 2007

Identification of a Novel Role of T Cells in Postnatal Vasculogenesis. Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Colonies

Jin Hur PhD, Han-Mo Yang MD, Chang-Hwan Yoon MD, Choon-Soo Lee MS, Kyung-Woo Park MD, Ji-Hyun Kim MS, Tae-Youn Kim MS, Ju-Young Kim MS, Hyun-Jae Kang MD, In-Ho Chae MD, Byung-Hee Oh MD, Young-Bae Park MD, and Hyo-Soo Kim MD^*

From the Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital (J.H., H.-M.Y., C.-H.Y., C.-S.L., K.-W.P., J.-H.K., T.-Y.K., J.-Y.K., H.-J.K., I.-H.C., B.-H.O., Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine (H.-M.Y., C.-H.Y., K.-W.P., H.-J.K., I.-H.C., B.-H.O., Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.), Seoul, Korea

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hyosoo{at}snu.ac.kr.

Background—The colony number of early endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been used as a quantitative indicator of the number of EPCs in the blood or as a biological marker of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we found a subset of T cells that were localized at the center of the EPC colony and played a pivotal role in colony formation and differentiation of early EPCs.

Methods and Results—We found that CD3⁺CD31⁺CXCR4⁺ T cells (referred to as angiogenic T cells in the present study) constituted the center of EPC colonies during cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These angiogenic T cells were required for colony formation and differentiation of early EPCs. They secreted high levels of angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, and matrix metalloproteinases. Angiogenic T cells showed superior angiogenic potential to the other subset of T cells in the experiments with regard to Matrigel tube formation, adhesion, transendothelial migration, and collagen invasion assay, mainly through the stromal cell–derived factor 1/CXCR-4 axis. Furthermore, angiogenic T cells enhanced endothelial cell proliferation and function. In vivo study showed that angiogenic T cells play an important role in the process of vessel formation. Clinical study showed that the level of angiogenic T cells in the peripheral blood was well correlated with EPC colony numbers and had inverse relationships with age and the number of risk factors for coronary artery disease.

Conclusions—These findings suggest that angiogenic T cells could be a potential therapeutic target for ischemic cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: lymphocytes • cells • angiogenesis • cytokines

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