Background--The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors has been increasing in China.

Methods and Results--We examined the prevalence of CVD risk factor clustering among Chinese adults aged 35 to 74 years with data from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia (InterAsia), a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample (n=14 690) conducted during 2000 to 2001 and compared these data with those of US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1999 to 2000. Overall, 80.5%, 45.9%, and 17.2% of Chinese adults had 1, 2, and 3 modifiable CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, and overweight), respectively. By comparison, 93.1%, 73.0%, and 35.9% of US adults had 1, 2, and 3 of these risk factors, respectively. In a multivariate model including age, sex, and area of residence, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having 1, 2, and 3 CVD risk factors versus none of the studied risk factors was 2.61 (95% CI, 2.09 to 3.27), 3.55 (95% CI, 2.77 to 4.54), and 4.97 (95% CI, 3.67 to 6.74), respectively, for Chinese adults 65 to 74 years old versus 35 to 44 years old; 3.65 (95% CI, 3.21 to 4.15), 4.67 (95% CI, 4.06 to 5.38), and 5.60 (95% CI, 4.70 to 6.67), respectively, for men compared with women; 1.18 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.30), 1.34 (95% CI, 1.21 to 1.50), and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.60 to 2.12), respectively, for urban compared with rural residents; and 1.98 (95% CI, 1.76 to 2.22), 2.75 (95% CI, 2.42 to 3.13), and 4.36 (95% CI, 3.68 to 5.18), respectively, for residents of northern compared with southern China.

Conclusions--Clustering of CVD risk factors is common in China. Prevention, detection, and treatment of CVD risk factor clustering should be an important component of a national strategy to reduce the increasing burden of CVD in China.