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(Circulation. 1996;93:1464-1470.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

¹H NMR Spectroscopic Imaging of Myocardial Triglycerides in Excised Dog Hearts Subjected to 24 Hours of Coronary Occlusion

Ingrid M. Straeter-Knowlen, DVM; William T. Evanochko, PhD; Jan A. den Hollander, PhD; Paul E. Wolkowicz, PhD; James A. Balschi, PhD; James B. Caulfield, MD; David D. Ku, PhD; Gerald M. Pohost, MD

From the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease; the Department of Pharmacology (D.D.K.); and the Department of Pathology (J.B.C.).

Correspondence to Gerald M. Pohost, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, 1900 University Blvd, THT 311, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006.

Background Myocardial ischemic insult causes depression of fatty-acid ß-oxidation and increased fatty-acid esterification with triglyceride (TG) accumulation. This accumulation has been demonstrated to occur in the territory with diminished blood flow surrounding an infarct, ie, the region at risk. To evaluate whether the extent of TG accumulation in the canine heart after 24 hours of ischemia could be detected, we applied myocardial ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic imaging (SI).

Methods and Results Seven adult mongrel dogs underwent 24 hours of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. Postmortem, the hearts were excised and the size and location of the infarct were determined. With a Philips 1.5-T clinical NMR imaging/spectroscopic system, two-dimensional (2D) ¹H NMR SI was performed. TG ¹H NMR chemical shift images were reconstructed from the frequency domain spectra by numerical integration. A statistically significant (P<.05) increase in TG signal intensity was demonstrated in the region at risk compared with the nonischemic control region. There was an intermediate quantity of TG in the infarct region. Biochemical determination of tissue TG content (milligrams per gram wet weight) in the control, at-risk, and infarct regions confirmed the ¹H NMR measurements. Histological evaluation with oil red O staining also demonstrated graded TG accumulation in myocytes. The highest TG levels were found in the at-risk region and the lowest levels in the control region.

Conclusions By use of 2D ¹H NMR SI, the present study confirms and extends previous work that demonstrates preferential accumulation of TG in the reversibly injured myocardium after 24 hours of coronary occlusion. This study provides an important step toward the clinical application of TG imaging. When TG imaging is ultimately possible, resultant data would have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications.

Key Words: lipids • metabolism • myocardium • ischemia • magnetic resonance imaging

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