Circulation, Vol 69, 203-213, Copyright © 1984 by American Heart Association
RJ Rodeheffer, G Gerstenblith, LC Becker, JL Fleg, ML Weisfeldt and EG Lakatta
To assess the effect of age on cardiac volumes and function in the absence
of overt or occult coronary disease, we performed serial gated blood pool
scans at rest and during progressive upright bicycle exercise to exhaustion
in 61 participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. The
subjects ranged in age from 25 to 79 years and were free of cardiac disease
according to their histories and results of physical, resting and stress
electrocardiographic, and stress thallium scintigraphic examinations.
Absolute left ventricular volumes were obtained at each workload. There
were no age-related changes in cardiac output, end-diastolic or
end-systolic volumes, or ejection fraction at rest. During vigorous
exercise (125 W), cardiac output was not related to age (cardiac output
[1/min] = 16.02 + 0.03 [age]; r = .12, p = .46). However, there was an
age-related increase in end-diastolic volume (end- diastolic volume [ml] =
86.30 + 1.48 [age]; r = .47, p = .003) and stroke volume (stroke volume
[ml] = 85.52 + 0.80 [age]; r = .37, p = .02), and an age-related decrease
in heart rate (heart rate [beats/min] = 184.66 - 0.70 [age]; r = -.50, p =
.002). The dependence of the age- related increase in stroke volume on
diastolic filling was emphasized by the fact that at this high workload
end-systolic volume was higher (end-systolic volume [ml] = 3.09 + 0.65
[age]; r = .45, p = .003) and ejection fraction lower (ejection fraction =
88.48 - 0.18 [age]; r = - .33, p = .04) with increasing age. These findings
indicate that although aging does not limit cardiac output per se in
healthy community-dwelling subjects, the hemodynamic profile accompanying
exercise is altered by age and can be explained by an age-related
diminution in the cardiovascular response to beta-adrenergic stimulation.
ARTICLES
Exercise cardiac output is maintained with advancing age in healthy human subjects: cardiac dilatation and increased stroke volume compensate for a diminished heart rate
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