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(Circulation. 2009;119:1977-2016.)
© 2009 American Heart Association, Inc.

ACCF/AHA Practice Guideline: Focused Update

2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults

A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation

2009 WRITING GROUP TO REVIEW NEW EVIDENCE AND UPDATE THE 2005 GUIDELINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WRITING ON BEHALF OF THE 2005 HEART FAILURE WRITING COMMITTEE; Mariell Jessup, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair^*; William T. Abraham, MD, FACC, FAHA; Donald E. Casey, MD, MPH, MBA; Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA; Gary S. Francis, MD, FACC, FAHA; Theodore G. Ganiats, MD^||; Marvin A. Konstam, MD, FACC^¶; Donna M. Mancini, MD^#; Peter S. Rahko, MD, FACC, FAHA; Marc A. Silver, MD, FACC, FAHA^**; Lynne Warner Stevenson, MD, FACC, FAHA; Clyde W. Yancy, MD, FACC, FAHA

Key Words: ACCF/AHA practice guideline • focused update • heart failure • hospitalized patient • refractory end-stage heart failure

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Introduction

 

Preamble...1978

1. Introduction...1980

   1.1. Evidence Review...1980

   1.2. Organization of Committee and Relationships With Industry...1980

   1.3. Review and Approval...1980

   1.4. Stages of Heart Failure: Information From the 2005 Guideline...1981

3. Initial and Serial Clinical Assessment of Patients Presenting With Heart Failure...1981

   3.1. Initial Evaluation of Patients...1981

      3.1.1. Identification of Patients...1981

      3.1.2. Identification of a Structural and Functional Abnormality...1984

         3.1.3.2. Laboratory Testing...1985

      3.2.3. Laboratory Assessment...1985

      3.2.4. Assessment of Prognosis...1986

4. Therapy...1987

   4.3.1. Patients With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction...1987

      4.3.1.1. General Measures...1987

         4.3.1.2.5. Ventricular Arrhythmias and Prevention of Sudden Death...1990

         4.3.1.3.3. Hydralazine and Isosorbide Dinitrate...1993

         4.3.1.3.4. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy...1993

         4.3.1.5.2. Intermittent Intravenous Positive Inotropic Therapy...1994

   4.4. Patients With Refractory End-Stage Heart Failure (Stage D)...1994

      4.4.3. Intravenous Peripheral Vasodilators and Positive Inotropic Agents...1996

   4.5. The Hospitalized Patient (New Section)...1996

      4.5.1. Diagnostic Strategies...1998

      4.5.2. Treatment in the Hospital...1999

         4.5.2.1. Diuretics: The Patient With Volume Overload...1999

         4.5.2.2. Vasodilators...2000

         4.5.2.3. Inotropes...2000

         4.5.2.4. Other Considerations...2001

      4.5.3. The Hospital Discharge...2001

5. Treatment of Special Populations...2002

6. Patients With Heart Failure Who Have Concomitant Disorders...2002

   6.1.3. Supraventricular Arrhythmias...2002

References...2004

Appendix 1...2012

Appendix 2...2013

	Preamble

 
A primary challenge in the development of clinical practice guidelines is keeping pace with the stream of new data on which recommendations are based. In an effort to respond more quickly to new evidence, the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association (ACCF/AHA) Task Force on Practice Guidelines has created a "focused update" process to revise the existing guideline recommendations that are affected by the evolving data or opinion. Prior to the initiation of this focused . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Related Internet Resources:

2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults

Supporting Materials From the American Heart Association

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