Donate Help Contact The AHA Sign In Home
American Heart Association
Circulation
Search: search_blue_button Advanced Search
Circulation. 2006;113:e382-e385
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.595553
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Armstrong, E. J.
Right arrow Articles by Sabatine, M. S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Armstrong, E. J.
Right arrow Articles by Sabatine, M. S.
Related Collections
Right arrow Acute coronary syndromes
Right arrowRelated Article

(Circulation. 2006;113:e382-e385.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.


Clinician Update

Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Part IV: Matrix Metalloproteinases and Biomarkers of Platelet Activation

Ehrin J. Armstrong, MD, MSc; David A. Morrow, MD, MPH; Marc S. Sabatine, MD, MPH

From the Department of Medicine (E.J.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass, and the TIMI Study Group (D.A.M., M.S.S.), Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass.

Correspondence to Marc S. Sabatine, MD, MPH, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail msabatine@partners.org


An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.
 


*    Introduction
 
This final part of our review series addresses matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and biomarkers of platelet activation and concludes with a general discussion of biomarkers in acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Metalloproteinases
MMPs are zinc-dependent endoproteases with collagenase and/or gelatinase activity (Table). Degradation of collagen fibrils compromises plaque stability and the integrity of the endothelial basement membrane, predisposing advanced atheromas to rupture.1


View this table:
[in this window]
[in a new window]
 
Inflammatory Biomarkers in ACS

MMP-1, -2, and -9
MMP-1, a collagenase expressed in the interstitium, is quickly upregulated in animal models of coronary ischemia/reperfusion. MMP-2 is a gelatinase capable of degrading type IV collagen, the major collagen of the subendothelial basement membrane. MMP-9 is a gelatinase widely implicated in ventricular remodeling and the development of heart failure.2

MMPs are highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, with selective enrichment at the shoulder regions.3 Patients with ACS have increased plasma levels of MMP-1, -2, and -9.4 The time course of elevation is highly variable: some groups have found that MMP-1, -2, and -9 levels are not elevated at presentation but that they increase during the subsequent 7 to 14 days.5 Other groups have reported no significant elevation in MMP-2 but a rapid rise and fall of MMP-9 within the first week after ACS.

Few data exist on the association, if any, between MMP levels during ACS and cardiovascular outcomes. In a study of 24 patients with ACS, elevations in MMP-1 at 7 and 14 days after ACS were negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction.6 The slow elevation of MMP levels after ACS and the lack . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Related Article:

Issue Highlights
Circulation 2006 113: 1155. [Extract] [Full Text]



This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Eur Heart JHome page
F. Cambronero, F. Marin, V. Roldan, D. Hernandez-Romero, M. Valdes, and G. Y.H. Lip
Biomarkers of pathophysiology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: implications for clinical management and prognosis
Eur. Heart J., January 9, 2009; (2009) ehn538v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Physiol. GenomicsHome page
D. Ardigo, T. L. Assimes, S. P. Fortmann, A. S. Go, M. Hlatky, E. Hytopoulos, C. Iribarren, P. S. Tsao, R. Tabibiazar, T. Quertermous, et al.
Circulating chemokines accurately identify individuals with clinically significant atherosclerotic heart disease
Physiol Genomics, November 14, 2007; 31(3): 402 - 409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J Am Coll CardiolHome page
R. P. Giugliano and E. Braunwald
The Year in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 18, 2006; 48(2): 386 - 395.
[Full Text] [PDF]