Published online before print March 21, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000159354.43778.69
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(Circulation. 2005;111:1551-1555.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Vascular Medicine |
In Vivo Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque by Use of Optical Coherence Tomography
From the Cardiology Division (I.-K.J., B.M., M.T., F.M.), the Wellman Center for Photomedicine (G.J.T., M.T., N.I., M.S., B.E.B.), the Department of Radiology (E.F.H.), and the Department of Pathology (G.J.T., S.H., H.T.A.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Correspondence to Ik-Kyung Jang, MD, PhD, Cardiology Division, Gray/Bigelow 800, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114. E-mail ijang{at}partners.org
Received September 25, 2004; revision received December 14, 2004; accepted December 21, 2004.
Background— The current understanding of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease is based largely on postmortem studies. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution (
10 µm), catheter-based imaging modality capable of investigating detailed coronary plaque morphology in vivo.
Methods and Results— Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization were enrolled and categorized according to their clinical presentation: recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute coronary syndromes (ACS) constituting non-ST-segment elevation AMI and unstable angina, or stable angina pectoris (SAP). OCT imaging was performed with a 3.2F catheter. Two observers independently analyzed the images using the previously validated criteria for plaque characterization. Of 69 patients enrolled, 57 patients (20 with AMI, 20 with ACS, and 17 with SAP) had analyzable images. In the AMI, ACS, and SAP groups, lipid-rich plaque (defined by lipid occupying 
2 quadrants of the cross-sectional area) was observed in 90%, 75%, and 59%, respectively (P=0.09). The median value of the minimum thickness of the fibrous cap was 47.0, 53.8, and 102.6 µm, respectively (P=0.034). The frequency of thin-cap fibroatheroma (defined by lipid-rich plaque with cap thickness 
65 µm) was 72% in the AMI group, 50% in the ACS group, and 20% in the SAP group (P=0.012). No procedure-related complications occurred.
Conclusions— OCT is a safe and effective modality for characterizing coronary atherosclerotic plaques in vivo. Thin-cap fibroatheroma was more frequently observed in patients with AMI or ACS than SAP. This is the first study to compare detailed in vivo plaque morphology in patients with different clinical presentations.
Key Words: arteriosclerosis • coronary disease • imaging • plaque
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