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(Circulation. 2004;110:692-699.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Original Articles

Celiprolol, A Vasodilatory ß-Blocker, Inhibits Pressure Overload–Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Prevents the Transition to Heart Failure via Nitric Oxide–Dependent Mechanisms in Mice

Yulin Liao, MD; Masanori Asakura, MD, PhD; Seiji Takashima, MD, PhD; Akiko Ogai, BS; Yoshihiro Asano, MD, PhD; Yasunori Shintani, MD; Tetsuo Minamino, MD, PhD; Hiroshi Asanuma, MD, PhD; Shoji Sanada, MD, PhD; Jiyoong Kim, MD; Soichiro Kitamura, MD, PhD; Hitonobu Tomoike, MD, PhD; Masatsugu Hori, MD, PhD; Masafumi Kitakaze, MD, PhD

From the Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (Y.L., M.A., S.T., Y.A., Y.S., T.M., H.A., S.S., M.H.); and the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan (J.K., A.O., S.K., H.T., M.K.).

Correspondence to Masafumi Kitakaze, Cardiovascular Division of Internal Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan. E-mail kitakaze{at}zf6.so-net.ne.jp

Received September 4, 2003; de novo received March 21, 2004; revision received May 6, 2004; accepted May 11, 2004.

Background— The blockade of ß-adrenergic receptors reduces both mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure, but the cellular mechanism remains unclear. Celiprolol, a selective ß₁-blocker, was reported to stimulate the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the heart, and NO levels have been demonstrated to be related to myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Thus, we aimed to clarify whether celiprolol attenuates both myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure via the NO-signal pathway.

Methods and Results— In rat neonatal cardiac myocytes, celiprolol inhibited protein synthesis stimulated by either isoproterenol or phenylephrine, which was partially suppressed by N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Four weeks after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in C57BL/6 male mice, the ratio of heart weight to body weight (mg/g) (8.70±0.42 in TAC, 6.61±0.44 with celiprolol 100 mg · kg^–1 · d^–1 PO, P<0.01) and the ratio of lung weight to body weight (mg/g) (10.27±1.08 in TAC, 7.11±0.70 with celiprolol 100 mg · kg^–1 · d^–1 PO, P<0.05) were lower and LV fractional shortening was higher in the celiprolol-treated groups than in the TAC group. All of these improvements were blunted by L-NAME. Celiprolol treatment significantly increased myocardial eNOS and activated phosphorylation of eNOS. Myocardial mRNA levels of natriuretic peptide precursor type B and protein inhibitor of NO synthase, which were increased in the TAC mice, were decreased in the celiprolol-treated mice.

Conclusions— These findings indicated that celiprolol attenuates cardiac myocyte hypertrophy both in vitro and in vivo and halts the process leading from hypertrophy to heart failure. These effects are mediated by a selective ß₁-adrenergic receptor blockade and NO-dependent pathway.

Key Words: receptors, adrenergic, beta • heart failure • hypertrophy • nitric oxide

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