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(Circulation. 2004;110:3378-3383.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Basic Science for Clinicians

In Vivo Tracking of Stem Cells for Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Disease

John V. Frangioni, MD, PhD; Roger J. Hajjar, MD

From the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Radiology, and Molecular Imaging Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (J.V.F.); the Cardiology Laboratory of Integrative Physiology & Imaging, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital (R.J.H.); and Harvard Medical School (J.V.F., R.J.H.), Boston, Mass.

Correspondence to John V. Frangioni, MD, PhD, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, SL-B05, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail jfrangio{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

Abstract

Various stem cells hold promise for the treatment of human cardiovascular disease. Regardless of stem cell origin, future clinical trials will require that the location and number of such cells be tracked in vivo, over long periods of time. The problem of tracking small numbers of cells in the body is a difficult one, and an optimal solution does not yet exist. We review the many contrast agents and detectors that have been proposed for stem cell tracking during clinical trials, define the characteristics of an ideal imaging technology, and suggest future directions for research.

Key Words: stem cells • imaging • trials • radiology

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