Circulation. 2003;107:1626-1631
Published online before print March 17, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000057974.74060.68
Published online before print March 17, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000057974.74060.68
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2003;107:1626.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Peripheral Adiposity Exhibits an Independent Dominant Antiatherogenic Effect in Elderly Women
From the Center for Clinical and Basic Research A/S, Ballerup and Aalborg, and Rheoscience A/S, Rødovre (P.J.L.), Denmark.
Correspondence to László B. Tankó, MD, PhD, Center for Clinical and Basic Research, Ballerup byvej 222, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark. E-mail lbt{at}ccbr.dk
Background— Although several lines of evidence point to an atherogenic role of central fat mass (CFM), few data are available to address the specific role played by peripheral fat mass (PFM).
Methods and Results— This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 1356 women aged 60 to 85 years. Study variables were physical measures, CFM and PFM measured by DEXA, aortic calcification (AC) graded on lateral radiographs, lipid and glucose metabolites, blood pressure, and information on lifestyle factors and coronary disease. Peripheral fat mass showed independent negative correlation with both atherogenic metabolic risk factors and AC (P<0.001). The most severe insulin resistance-dyslipidemic syndrome and AC (score 5.10±0.76) was found in women with high central fat percentage (CF%, 21.7±0.2%) and low peripheral fat percentage (PF%, 18.3±0.2%, n=48). The least severe AC (score 2.45±0.31) was found in obese women with high CF% (21.6±0.1%) and high PF% (27.3±0.14%, n=112). The insulin resistance-dyslipidemic syndrome was also less severe compared with those with the same CF% but low PF%. The most favorable metabolic profile characterized women with low CF% (11.56±0.16%) and high PF% (26.86±0.33%, n=44). In women with a history of myocardial infarct (18.41±0.55%, n=45), CF% was significantly higher compared with women with no manifest coronary disease (16.48±0.12%, n=1210) without differences in PF%.
Conclusions— In elderly women, localization of fat mass is apparently more important for atherosclerosis than obesity per se; although CFM is associated with atherogenic tendencies, PFM seems to exhibit an independent dominant antiatherogenic effect.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • epidemiology • obesity • risk factors • women
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Postorino, C. Marino, G. Tripepi, C. Zoccali, and on behalf of the CREDIT (Calabria Registry of Dial Abdominal obesity and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 14, 2009; 53(15): 1265 - 1272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. D. Parker, M. A. Pereira, J. Stevens, and A. R. Folsom Association of Hip Circumference With Incident Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Am. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2009; 169(7): 837 - 847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Wiklund, F. Toss, L. Weinehall, G. Hallmans, P. W. Franks, A. Nordstrom, and P. Nordstrom Abdominal and Gynoid Fat Mass Are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men and Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2008; 93(11): 4360 - 4366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Debette, N. Leone, D. Courbon, J. Gariepy, C. Tzourio, J.-F. Dartigues, K. Ritchie, A. Alperovitch, P. Ducimetiere, P. Amouyel, et al. Calf Circumference Is Inversely Associated With Carotid Plaques Stroke, November 1, 2008; 39(11): 2958 - 2965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R H Straub, L B Tanko, C Christiansen, P J Larsen, and D S Jessop Higher physical activity is associated with increased androgens, low interleukin 6 and less aortic calcification in peripheral obese elderly women J. Endocrinol., October 1, 2008; 199(1): 61 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ness-Abramof and C. M. Apovian Waist Circumference Measurement in Clinical Practice Nutr Clin Pract, August 1, 2008; 23(4): 397 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Zhang, K. M. Rexrode, R. M. van Dam, T. Y. Li, and F. B. Hu Abdominal Obesity and the Risk of All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality: Sixteen Years of Follow-Up in US Women Circulation, April 1, 2008; 117(13): 1658 - 1667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Canoy, S. M. Boekholdt, N. Wareham, R. Luben, A. Welch, S. Bingham, I. Buchan, N. Day, and K.-T. Khaw Body Fat Distribution and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Men and Women in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk Cohort: A Population-Based Prospective Study Circulation, December 18, 2007; 116(25): 2933 - 2943. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Conway, R. G Miller, T. Costacou, L. Fried, S. Kelsey, R. W Evans, D. Edmundowicz, and T. J Orchard Double-edged relationship between adiposity and coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetes Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, December 1, 2007; 4(4): 332 - 339. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Silaghi, V. Achard, O. Paulmyer-Lacroix, T. Scridon, V. Tassistro, I. Duncea, K. Clement, A. Dutour, and M. Grino Expression of adrenomedullin in human epicardial adipose tissue: role of coronary status Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2007; 293(5): E1443 - E1450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Lear, K. H. Humphries, S. Kohli, J. J. Frohlich, C. L. Birmingham, and G. B. J. Mancini Visceral Adipose Tissue, a Potential Risk Factor for Carotid Atherosclerosis: Results of the Multicultural Community Health Assessment Trial (M-CHAT) Stroke, September 1, 2007; 38(9): 2422 - 2429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. J G Ketel, M. N M Volman, J. C Seidell, C. D A Stehouwer, J. W Twisk, and C. B Lambalk Superiority of skinfold measurements and waist over waist-to-hip ratio for determination of body fat distribution in a population-based cohort of Caucasian Dutch adults Eur. J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2007; 156(6): 655 - 661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Fantuzzi and T. Mazzone Adipose Tissue and Atherosclerosis: Exploring the Connection Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2007; 27(5): 996 - 1003. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Mukuddem-Petersen, M. B Snijder, R. M van Dam, J. M Dekker, L. M Bouter, C. D. Stehouwer, R. J Heine, G. Nijpels, and J. C Seidell Sagittal abdominal diameter: no advantage compared with other anthropometric measures as a correlate of components of the metabolic syndrome in elderly from the Hoorn Study. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2006; 84(5): 995 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Snijder, R. van Dam, M Visser, and J. Seidell What aspects of body fat are particularly hazardous and how do we measure them? Int. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2006; 35(1): 83 - 92. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Canoy, N. Wareham, A. Welch, S. Bingham, R. Luben, N. Day, and K.-T. Khaw Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations and fat distribution in 19 068 British men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk cohort study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2005; 82(6): 1203 - 1209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. B. Tanko and C. Christiansen Can the Obesity Paradox Be Explained by the Protective Effects of Peripheral Adiposity? Arch Intern Med, August 8, 2005; 165(15): 1796 - 1797. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. Van Pelt, C. M. Jankowski, W. S. Gozansky, R. S. Schwartz, and W. M. Kohrt Lower-Body Adiposity and Metabolic Protection in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2005; 90(8): 4573 - 4578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Lear Waist Circumference Is Simpler than Body Mass Index Clin. Chem., June 1, 2005; 51(6): 1082 - 1084. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Iwashima, T. Katsuya, K. Ishikawa, I. Kida, M. Ohishi, T. Horio, N. Ouchi, K. Ohashi, S. Kihara, T. Funahashi, et al. Association of Hypoadiponectinemia With Smoking Habit in Men Hypertension, June 1, 2005; 45(6): 1094 - 1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Tanko, Y. Z. Bagger, G. Qin, P. Alexandersen, P. J. Larsen, and C. Christiansen Enlarged Waist Combined With Elevated Triglycerides Is a Strong Predictor of Accelerated Atherogenesis and Related Cardiovascular Mortality in Postmenopausal Women Circulation, April 19, 2005; 111(15): 1883 - 1890. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. R. Jacobs Jr. and M. A. Pereira Physical Activity, Relative Body Weight, and Risk of Death among Women N. Engl. J. Med., December 23, 2004; 351(26): 2753 - 2755. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. B. Snijder, M. Visser, J. M. Dekker, and J. C. Seidell RE: "CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT AND BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION AS RISK FACTORS FOR CLINICAL DIABETES IN US MEN" Am. J. Epidemiol., November 15, 2004; 160(11): 1133 - 1134. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Koh-Banerjee, Y. Wang, and W. Willett THREE AUTHORS REPLY Am. J. Epidemiol., November 15, 2004; 160(11): 1134 - 1135. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Tanko, J. M. Bruun, P. Alexandersen, Y. Z. Bagger, B. Richelsen, C. Christiansen, and P. J. Larsen Novel Associations Between Bioavailable Estradiol and Adipokines in Elderly Women With Different Phenotypes of Obesity: Implications for Atherogenesis Circulation, October 12, 2004; 110(15): 2246 - 2252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Ferreira, M. B. Snijder, J. W. R. Twisk, W. van Mechelen, H. C. G. Kemper, J. C. Seidell, and C. D. A. Stehouwer Central Fat Mass Versus Peripheral Fat and Lean Mass: Opposite (Adverse Versus Favorable) Associations with Arterial Stiffness? The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2632 - 2639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Lemieux Energy Partitioning in Gluteal-Femoral Fat: Does the Metabolic Fate of Triglycerides Affect Coronary Heart Disease Risk? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2004; 24(5): 795 - 797. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Okura, Y. Nakata, K. Yamabuki, and K. Tanaka Regional Body Composition Changes Exhibit Opposing Effects on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2004; 24(5): 923 - 929. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Snijder, J. M. Dekker, M. Visser, L. M. Bouter, C. D.A. Stehouwer, J. S. Yudkin, R. J. Heine, G. Nijpels, and J. C. Seidell Trunk Fat and Leg Fat Have Independent and Opposite Associations With Fasting and Postload Glucose Levels: The Hoorn Study Diabetes Care, February 1, 2004; 27(2): 372 - 377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. S. Kahn, L. B. Tanko, Y. Z. Bagger, P. Alexandersen, C. Christiansen, for the Prospective Epidemiological Risk Factors (, and P. J. Larsen Peripheral Adiposity and Cardiovascular Risk * Response Circulation, December 9, 2003; 108 (23): e164 - e164. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Brotman, J. P. Girod, L. B. Tanko, Y. Z. Bagger, P. Alexandersen, C. Christiansen, and P. J. Larsen Can Glucocorticoid Homeostasis Explain the Antiatherogenic Effect of Peripheral Adiposity? * Reply Circulation, August 26, 2003; 108 (8): e61 - e61. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|