Circulation. 2002;106:1183-1188
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000029210.14716.01
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000029210.14716.01
(Circulation. 2002;106:1183.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinician Update |
Current Evaluation and Management of Patients With Mitral Stenosis
From the Griffith Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, LAC+USC Medical Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Reprint requests to Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola, MD, Distinguished Professor, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033.
An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract. |
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Introduction |
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Case presentation: A 28-year-old woman with known mitral stenosis (MS) who was not taking antibiotic prophylaxis presented with new onset of chest pain, atrial fibrillation, and "heart failure." She was treated for "heart failure" and converted spontaneously to sinus rhythm. Echocardiographic/Doppler studies showed a mitral valve gradient (MVG) of 7, a mitral valve area (MVA) of 1.2 cm2, 2+ mitral regurgitation (MR), no tricuspid regurgitation, normal left ventricular (LV) size and function, no left atrium (LA) thrombus, and a mitral valve score (University of Southern California [USC] scoring system) of 1, with no calcium in the commissures. At cardiac catheterization, mean pulmonary artery (PA) wedge was 23 mm Hg, mean PA pressure was 25 mm Hg, MVG was 10 mm Hg, and MVA was 1.2 cm2. On exercise, mean PA wedge was 30 mm Hg, mean PA pressure was 55 mm Hg, and MVG was 18 mm Hg. On angiography, the LV end-diastolic volume was 80 mL/m2, ejection fraction was 0.48, and 2+ MR, with normal coronary arteries. After catheter balloon commissurotomy (CBC), the MVA was 2.0 cm2, mean PA wedge was 13 mm Hg, and mean PA pressure was 20 mm Hg, with no MR. Her discharge medications were penicillin V 250 mg twice daily and antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of infective endocarditis.
Current Evaluations and Management of MS
In almost all patients, MS is the result of previous rheumatic carditis with valve involvement.
Severity of MS
The relationship of the MVG as a function of the rate of mitral valve flow per diastolic
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