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(Circulation. 2002;105:1904.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.

Clinical Investigation and Reports

Familial Aggregation of Blood Lipid Response to Exercise Training in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study

Treva Rice, PhD; Jean-Pierre Després, PhD; Louis Pérusse, PhD; Yuling Hong, MD PhD; Michael A. Province, PhD; Jean Bergeron, MD MSc; Jacques Gagnon, PhD; Arthur S. Leon, MD; James S. Skinner, PhD; Jack H. Wilmore, PhD; Claude Bouchard, PhD; D.C. Rao, PhD

From the Division of Biostatistics (T.R., Y.H., M.A.P., D.C.R.) and Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry (D.C.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo; Physical Activity Sciences Laboratory (J.-P.D., L.P.), Lipid Research Center (J.-P.D., J.B.), and Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.G.), Laval University, Québec, Canada; School of Kinesiology and Leisure Studies (A.S.L.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Department of Kinesiology (J.S.S.), Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind; Department of Health and Kinesiology (J.H.W.), Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La.

Correspondence to Treva Rice, PhD, Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8067, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110. E-mail treva{at}wubios.wustl.edu

Background— Fasting levels of plasma lipids and lipoproteins are reported to improve with regular exercise training. However, little is known on whether the training responses are influenced by heritable factors.

Methods and Results— The lipid profile was assessed in 115 black (224 individuals) and 99 white families (469 individuals), who participated in the HERITAGE Family Study, while in a sedentary state (baseline visit) and after exercise training for 20 weeks (post visit). Variables included total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I, and HDL-C subfractions 2 (HDL₂-C) and 3 (HDL₃-C). Familial correlations for the training responses (=post-baseline) were significant for most variables, and the percent variance accounted for by familial factors (ie, maximal heritabilities) ranged from 25% to 38%. Exceptions were for higher heritabilities near 60% for ApoB in blacks and HDL₂-C in whites and a lower estimate of zero for LDL-C in blacks.

Conclusions— Heritable factors in part determine lipid profile responses to regular exercise. Maximal heritabilities were similar across ethnic groups and variables, except for LDL-C, ApoB, and HDL₂-C. Molecular studies to identify the markers and genes associated with these influences are currently underway.

Key Words: genetics • heritability • lipids • exercise

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