Circulation. 2002;105:1760-1763
Published online before print March 25, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000015464.18023.0A
Published online before print March 25, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000015464.18023.0A
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2002;105:1760.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.
Brief Rapid Communications |
Multimarker Approach to Risk Stratification in Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Simultaneous Assessment of Troponin I, C-Reactive Protein, and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide
From the TIMI Study Group (M.S.S., D.A.M., C.M., E.M.A., C.P.C., E.B.), Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; UT-Southwestern Medical School (J.A.d.L.), Dallas, Tex; Harvard Clinical Research Institute (C.M.G., S.A.M.), Boston, Mass; and Children’s Hospital (N.R.), Boston, Mass.
Correspondence to Marc S. Sabatine, MD, TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail msabatine{at}partners.org
Background— In patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), troponin I (TnI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) each predict adverse cardiac events. Little is known, however, about the utility of these biomarkers in combination.
Methods and Results— Baseline measurements of TnI, CRP, and BNP were performed in 450 patients in OPUS-TIMI 16. Elevations in TnI, CRP, and BNP each were independent predictors of the composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or congestive heart failure (CHF). When patients were categorized on the basis of the number of elevated biomarkers at presentation, there was a near doubling of the mortality risk for each additional biomarker that was elevated (P=0.01). Similar relationships existed for the endpoints of MI, CHF, and the composite, both at 30 days and through 10 months. In a validation cohort of 1635 patients in TACTICS-TIMI 18, the number of elevated biomarkers remained a significant predictor of the composite endpoint after adjustment for known clinical predictors: patients with one, two, and three elevated biomarkers had a 2.1- (P=0.006), 3.1- (P<0.001), and 3.7- (P=0.001) fold increase in the risk of death, MI, or CHF by 6 months.
Conclusions— Troponin, CRP, and BNP each provide unique prognostic information in patients with ACS. A simple multimarker strategy that categorizes patients based on the number of elevated biomarkers at presentation allows risk stratification over a broad range of short- and long-term major cardiac events.
Key Words: coronary disease • prognosis • myocardial infarction • inflammation • natriuretic peptides
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  G. Montalescot, H. Drexler, R. Gallo, T. Pearson, M. Thoenes, and D. L. Bhatt Effect of irbesartan and enalapril in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome: results of the randomized, double-blind ARCHIPELAGO study Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2009; 30(22): 2733 - 2741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Keshishian, T. Addona, M. Burgess, D. R. Mani, X. Shi, E. Kuhn, M. S. Sabatine, R. E. Gerszten, and S. A. Carr Quantification of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patient Plasma by Targeted Mass Spectrometry and Stable Isotope Dilution Mol. Cell. Proteomics, October 1, 2009; 8(10): 2339 - 2349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kumar and C. P. Cannon Acute Coronary Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management, Part I Mayo Clin. Proc., October 1, 2009; 84(10): 917 - 938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. N. Floriano, N. Christodoulides, C. S. Miller, J. L. Ebersole, J. Spertus, B. G. Rose, D. F. Kinane, M. J. Novak, S. Steinhubl, S. Acosta, et al. Use of Saliva-Based Nano-Biochip Tests for Acute Myocardial Infarction at the Point of Care: A Feasibility Study Clin. Chem., August 1, 2009; 55(8): 1530 - 1538. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. R. deFilippi and S. L. Seliger Biomarkers for prognostication after acute coronary syndromes: new times and statistics. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 21, 2009; 54(4): 365 - 367. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Schiele, N. Meneveau, M. F. Seronde, R. Chopard, V. Descotes-Genon, J. Dutheil, J.-P. Bassand, and on behalf on the 'Reseau de Cardiologie de Franche C-reactive protein improves risk prediction in patients with acute coronary syndromes Eur. Heart J., July 4, 2009; (2009) ehp273v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Jansson, P. Aukrust, T. Ueland, C. Smith, T. Omland, M. Hartford, and K. Caidahl Soluble CXCL16 Predicts Long-Term Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, June 30, 2009; 119(25): 3181 - 3188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. S. Woo Perusal of risk stratification of acute myocardial infarction for half a century Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2009; 30(9): 1030 - 1032. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. W. Hamm, H. Möllmann, J.-P. Bassand, and F. van de Werf CHAPTER 16 Acute Coronary Syndromes ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, January 1, 2009; 2(1): med-9780199566990-chapter - med-9780199566990-chapter. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Eggers, T. Kempf, T. Allhoff, B. Lindahl, L. Wallentin, and K. C. Wollert Growth-differentiation factor-15 for early risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain Eur. Heart J., October 1, 2008; 29(19): 2327 - 2335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Bonaca and D. A. Morrow Defining a Role for Novel Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndromes Clin. Chem., September 1, 2008; 54(9): 1424 - 1431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Fox, S. K. Shernan, C. D. Collard, K.-Y. Liu, S. F. Aranki, S. M. DeSantis, P. Jarolim, and S. C. Body Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide is as independent predictor of ventricular dysfunction and mortality after primary coronary artery bypass grafting. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., August 1, 2008; 136(2): 452 - 461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Braunwald Biomarkers in Heart Failure N. Engl. J. Med., May 15, 2008; 358(20): 2148 - 2159. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Q. Khan, O. Dhillon, D. Kelly, I. B. Squire, J. Struck, P. Quinn, N. G. Morgenthaler, A. Bergmann, J. E. Davies, and L. L. Ng Plasma N-Terminal B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as an Indicator of Long-Term Survival After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Comparison With Plasma Midregional Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide: The LAMP (Leicester Acute Myocardial Infarction Peptide) Study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 13, 2008; 51(19): 1857 - 1864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Morrow, M. S. Sabatine, M.-L. Brennan, J. A. de Lemos, S. A. Murphy, C. T. Ruff, N. Rifai, C. P. Cannon, and S. L. Hazen Concurrent evaluation of novel cardiac biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome: myeloperoxidase and soluble CD40 ligand and the risk of recurrent ischaemic events in TACTICS-TIMI 18 Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2008; 29(9): 1096 - 1102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Weber and C. Hamm Novel biomarkers--the long march from bench to bedside Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2008; 29(9): 1079 - 1081. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Lankeit, T. Kempf, C. Dellas, M. Cuny, H. Tapken, T. Peter, M. Olschewski, S. Konstantinides, and K. C. Wollert Growth Differentiation Factor-15 for Prognostic Assessment of Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2008; 177(9): 1018 - 1025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Sanchis, X Bosch, V Bodi, N Bellera, J Nunez, B Benito, J Ordonez, L Consuegra, M Heras, and A Llecer Combination of clinical risk profile, early exercise testing and circulating biomarkers for evaluation of patients with acute chest pain without ST-segment deviation or troponin elevation Heart, March 1, 2008; 94(3): 311 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Angiolillo, E. Bernardo, M. Sabate, P. Jimenez-Quevedo, M. A. Costa, J. Palazuelos, R. Hernandez-Antolin, R. Moreno, J. Escaned, F. Alfonso, et al. Impact of Platelet Reactivity on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 16, 2007; 50(16): 1541 - 1547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. M. Scirica, D. A. Morrow, C. P. Cannon, J. A. de Lemos, S. Murphy, M. S. Sabatine, S. D. Wiviott, N. Rifai, C. H. McCabe, E. Braunwald, et al. Clinical Application of C-Reactive Protein Across the Spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndromes Clin. Chem., October 1, 2007; 53(10): 1800 - 1807. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Latini, S. Masson, I. S. Anand, E. Missov, M. Carlson, T. Vago, L. Angelici, S. Barlera, G. Parrinello, A. P. Maggioni, et al. Prognostic Value of Very Low Plasma Concentrations of Troponin T in Patients With Stable Chronic Heart Failure Circulation, September 11, 2007; 116(11): 1242 - 1249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A Pascual-Figal, M. J Antolinos, A. Bayes-Genis, T. Casas, F. Nicolas, and M. Valdes B-type natriuretic peptide release in the coronary effluent after acute transient ischaemia in humans Heart, September 1, 2007; 93(9): 1077 - 1080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Anderson, C. D. Adams, E. M. Antman, C. R. Bridges, R. M. Califf, D. E. Casey Jr, W. E. Chavey II, F. M. Fesmire, J. S. Hochman, T. N. Levin, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) Developed in Collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 14, 2007; 50(7): e1 - e157. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Januzzi Jr, W. F. Peacock, A. S. Maisel, C. U. Chae, R. L. Jesse, A. L. Baggish, M. O'Donoghue, R. Sakhuja, A. A. Chen, R. R.J. van Kimmenade, et al. Measurement of the Interleukin Family Member ST2 in Patients With Acute Dyspnea: Results From the PRIDE (Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department) Study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 14, 2007; 50(7): 607 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Anderson, C. D. Adams, E. M. Antman, C. R. Bridges, R. M. Califf, D. E. Casey Jr, W. E. Chavey II, F. M. Fesmire, J. S. Hochman, T. N. Levin, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) Developed in Collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 14, 2007; 50(7): 652 - 726. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. D. Sagel, J. F. Chmiel, and M. W. Konstan Sputum Biomarkers of Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Proceedings of the ATS, August 1, 2007; 4(4): 406 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Omland, M. S. Sabatine, K. A. Jablonski, M. M. Rice, J. Hsia, R. Wergeland, S. Landaas, J. L. Rouleau, M. J. Domanski, C. Hall, et al. Prognostic Value of B-Type Natriuretic Peptides in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The PEACE Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 17, 2007; 50(3): 205 - 214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Q Khan, D. Kelly, P. Quinn, J. E Davies, and L. L Ng Myeloperoxidase aids prognostication together with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in high-risk patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction Heart, July 1, 2007; 93(7): 826 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. S. Apple, L. A. Pearce, A. Chung, R. Ler, and M. M. Murakami Multiple Biomarker Use for Detection of Adverse Events in Patients Presenting with Symptoms Suggestive of Acute Coronary Syndrome Clin. Chem., May 1, 2007; 53(5): 874 - 881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Q. Khan, O. S. Dhillon, R. J. O'Brien, J. Struck, P. A. Quinn, N. G. Morgenthaler, I. B. Squire, J. E. Davies, A. Bergmann, and L. L. Ng C-Terminal Provasopressin (Copeptin) as a Novel and Prognostic Marker in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Leicester Acute Myocardial Infarction Peptide (LAMP) Study Circulation, April 24, 2007; 115(16): 2103 - 2110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Q. Khan, R. J. O'Brien, J. Struck, P. Quinn, N. Morgenthaler, I. Squire, J. Davies, A. Bergmann, and L. L. Ng Prognostic Value of Midregional Pro-Adrenomedullin in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The LAMP (Leicester Acute Myocardial Infarction Peptide) Study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 10, 2007; 49(14): 1525 - 1532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
NACB WRITING GROUP MEMBERS, D. A. Morrow, C. P. Cannon, R. L. Jesse, L. K. Newby, J. Ravkilde, A. B. Storrow, A. H.B. Wu, and R. H. Christenson National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Clinical Characteristics and Utilization of Biochemical Markers in Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, April 3, 2007; 115(13): e356 - e375. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
NACB WRITING GROUP MEMBERS, D. A. Morrow, C. P. Cannon, R. L. Jesse, L. K. Newby, J. Ravkilde, A. B. Storrow, A. H.B. Wu, R. H. Christenson, NACB COMMITTEE MEMBERS, et al. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Clinical Characteristics and Utilization of Biochemical Markers in Acute Coronary Syndromes Clin. Chem., April 1, 2007; 53(4): 552 - 574. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Kwan, S. R. Isakson, J. Beede, P. Clopton, A. S. Maisel, and R. L. Fitzgerald Short-Term Serial Sampling of Natriuretic Peptides in Patients Presenting With Chest Pain J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 20, 2007; 49(11): 1186 - 1192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Sakhuja, S. Green, E. M. Oestreicher, P. M. Sluss, E. Lee-Lewandrowski, K. B. Lewandrowski, and J. L. Januzzi Jr. Amino-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Brain Natriuretic Peptide, and Troponin T for Prediction of Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Clin. Chem., March 1, 2007; 53(3): 412 - 420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Morrow and J. A. de Lemos Benchmarks for the Assessment of Novel Cardiovascular Biomarkers Circulation, February 27, 2007; 115(8): 949 - 952. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G A Whalley, G D Gamble, and R N Doughty Restrictive diastolic filling predicts death after acute myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies Heart, November 1, 2006; 92(11): 1588 - 1594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Libby and P. M. Ridker Inflammation and Atherothrombosis: From Population Biology and Bench Research to Clinical Practice J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 27, 2006; 48(9_Suppl_A): A33 - A46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. M. Blanco-Colio, J. L. Martin-Ventura, F. Vivanco, J.-B. Michel, O. Meilhac, and J. Egido Biology of atherosclerotic plaques: What we are learning from proteomic analysis Cardiovasc Res, October 1, 2006; 72(1): 18 - 29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. O'Donoghue, J. A. de Lemos, D. A. Morrow, S. A. Murphy, J. L. Buros, C. P. Cannon, and M. S. Sabatine Prognostic Utility of Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, August 8, 2006; 114(6): 550 - 557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. O. Adesanya, J. A. de Lemos, N. B. Greilich, and C. W. Whitten Management of perioperative myocardial infarction in noncardiac surgical patients. Chest, August 1, 2006; 130(2): 584 - 596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. T. Bloomgarden Third Annual World Congress on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome: Atherothrombotic disease Diabetes Care, August 1, 2006; 29(8): 1973 - 1980. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Vasan Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular Basis and Practical Considerations Circulation, May 16, 2006; 113(19): 2335 - 2362. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Laukkanen, S. Kurl, M. Ala-Kopsala, O. Vuolteenaho, H. Ruskoaho, K. Nyyssonen, and J. T. Salonen Plasma N-terminal fragments of natriuretic propeptides predict the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in middle-aged men Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2006; 27(10): 1230 - 1237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K Komamura, T Sasaki, A Hanatani, J Kim, K Hashimura, Y Ishida, Y Ohkaru, K Asayama, T Tanaka, A Ogai, et al. Heart-type fatty acid binding protein is a novel prognostic marker in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy Heart, May 1, 2006; 92(5): 615 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tsimikas, J. T. Willerson, and P. M. Ridker C-reactive protein and other emerging blood biomarkers to optimize risk stratification of vulnerable patients. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 18, 2006; 47(8 Suppl): C19 - C31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Suleiman, R. Khatib, Y. Agmon, R. Mahamid, M. Boulos, M. Kapeliovich, Y. Levy, R. Beyar, W. Markiewicz, H. Hammerman, et al. Early Inflammation and Risk of Long-Term Development of Heart Failure and Mortality in Survivors of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Predictive Role of C-Reactive Protein J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 7, 2006; 47(5): 962 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Januzzi Jr, R. Sakhuja, M. O'Donoghue, A. L. Baggish, S. Anwaruddin, C. U. Chae, R. Cameron, D. G. Krauser, R. Tung, C. A. Camargo Jr, et al. Utility of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic Peptide testing for prediction of 1-year mortality in patients with dyspnea treated in the emergency department. Arch Intern Med, February 13, 2006; 166(3): 315 - 320. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Minkin, D. Cotiga, S. Noack, A. Dobrescu, P. Homel, and J. M. Shapiro Use of Admission Troponin in Critically Ill Medical Patients J Intensive Care Med, December 1, 2005; 20(6): 286 - 290. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. S. Ginsburg, M. P. Donahue, and L. K. Newby Prospects for Personalized Cardiovascular Medicine: The Impact of Genomics J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 2005; 46(9): 1615 - 1627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Elsasser and C. W. Hamm Percutaneous coronary intervention guidelines: new aspects for the interventional treatment of acute coronary syndromes Eur. Heart J. Suppl., October 1, 2005; 7(suppl_K): K5 - K9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N S Kleiman and H D White The declining prevalence of ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes Heart, September 1, 2005; 91(9): 1121 - 1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Suttner, K. Lang, S. N. Piper, H. Schultz, K. D. Rohm, and J. Boldt Continuous Intra- and Postoperative Thoracic Epidural Analgesia Attenuates Brain Natriuretic Peptide Release After Major Abdominal Surgery Anesth. Analg., September 1, 2005; 101(3): 896 - 903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Keaney Jr Circulating Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Something Different or More of the Same? Circulation, August 9, 2005; 112(6): 778 - 780. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Richards and C. M. Frampton N-Terminal-Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide: Universal Marker of Cardiovascular Risk? Circulation, July 5, 2005; 112(1): 9 - 11. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Campbell, M. Woodward, J. P. Chalmers, S. A. Colman, A. J. Jenkins, B. E. Kemp, B. C. Neal, A. Patel, and S. W. MacMahon Prediction of Myocardial Infarction by N-Terminal-Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, C-Reactive Protein, and Renin in Subjects With Cerebrovascular Disease Circulation, July 5, 2005; 112(1): 110 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authors/Task Force Members, S. Silber, P. Albertsson, F. F. Aviles, P. G. Camici, A. Colombo, C. Hamm, E. Jorgensen, J. Marco, J.-E. Nordrehaug, et al. Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: The Task Force for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions of the European Society of Cardiology Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2005; 26(8): 804 - 847. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Sabatine, G. J. Blake, M. H. Drazner, D. A. Morrow, B. M. Scirica, S. A. Murphy, C. H. McCabe, W. S. Weintraub, C. M. Gibson, and C. P. Cannon Influence of Race on Death and Ischemic Complications in Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes Despite Modern, Protocol-Guided Treatment Circulation, March 15, 2005; 111(10): 1217 - 1224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Kragelund, B. Gronning, L. Kober, P. Hildebrandt, and R. Steffensen N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Long-Term Mortality in Stable Coronary Heart Disease N. Engl. J. Med., February 17, 2005; 352(7): 666 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Jarai, N. Iordanova, R. Jarai, A. Raffetseder, W. Woloszczuk, M. Gyongyosi, G. Geyer, J. Wojta, and K. Huber Risk assessment in patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and normal N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels by N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2005; 26(3): 250 - 256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Schnabel, H. J. Rupprecht, K. J. Lackner, E. Lubos, C. Bickel, J. Meyer, T. Munzel, F. Cambien, L. Tiret, S. Blankenberg, et al. Analysis of N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein for risk stratification in stable and unstable coronary artery disease: results from the AtheroGene study Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2005; 26(3): 241 - 249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Bassan, A. Potsch, A. Maisel, B. Tura, H. Villacorta, M. V. Nogueira, A. Campos, R. Gamarski, A. C. Masetto, and M. A. Moutinho B-type natriuretic peptide: a novel early blood marker of acute myocardial infarction in patients with chest pain and no ST-segment elevation Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2005; 26(3): 234 - 240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. J. Gluckman, M. Sachdev, S. P. Schulman, and R. S. Blumenthal A Simplified Approach to the Management of Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes JAMA, January 19, 2005; 293(3): 349 - 357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. F. Salamonsen, H.-G. Schneider, M. Bailey, and A. J. Taylor Cardiac Troponin I Concentrations, but Not Electrocardiographic Results, Predict an Extended Hospital Stay after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Clin. Chem., January 1, 2005; 51(1): 40 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Campbell, M. Woodward, J. P. Chalmers, S. A. Colman, A. J. Jenkins, B. E. Kemp, B. C. Neal, A. Patel, and S. W. MacMahon Prediction of Heart Failure by Amino Terminal-pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and C-Reactive Protein in Subjects With Cerebrovascular Disease Hypertension, January 1, 2005; 45(1): 69 - 74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Biasucci CDC/AHA Workshop on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: Clinical Use of Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Background Paper Circulation, December 21, 2004; 110(25): e560 - e567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. S. Apple, M. M. Murakami, L. A. Pearce, and C. A. Herzog Multi-Biomarker Risk Stratification of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Cardiac Troponin T and I in End-Stage Renal Disease for All-Cause Death Clin. Chem., December 1, 2004; 50(12): 2279 - 2285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Sabatine, D. A. Morrow, J. A. de Lemos, T. Omland, M. Y. Desai, M. Tanasijevic, C. Hall, C. H. McCabe, and E. Braunwald Acute changes in circulating natriuretic peptide levels in relation to myocardial ischemia J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 16, 2004; 44(10): 1988 - 1995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Heeschen, C. W. Hamm, V. Mitrovic, N.-H. Lantelme, H. D. White, and for the Platelet Receptor Inhibition in Ischemic S N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels for Dynamic Risk Stratification of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, November 16, 2004; 110(20): 3206 - 3212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Gibson, R. L. Dumaine, E. V. Gelfand, S. A. Murphy, D. A. Morrow, S. D. Wiviott, R. P. Giugliano, C. P. Cannon, E. M. Antman, E. Braunwald, et al. Association of glomerular filtration rate on presentation with subsequent mortality in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome; observations in 13307 patients in five TIMI trials Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2004; 25(22): 1998 - 2005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Latini, A. P. Maggioni, G. Peri, L. Gonzini, D. Lucci, P. Mocarelli, L. Vago, F. Pasqualini, S. Signorini, D. Soldateschi, et al. Prognostic Significance of the Long Pentraxin PTX3 in Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, October 19, 2004; 110(16): 2349 - 2354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Quilici, N. Banzet, P. Paule, J.-B. Meynard, M. Mutin, J.-L. Bonnet, P. Ambrosi, J. Sampol, and F. Dignat-George Circulating Endothelial Cell Count as a Diagnostic Marker for Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, September 21, 2004; 110(12): 1586 - 1591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Wiviott, D. A. Morrow, P. D. Frederick, R. P. Giugliano, C.M. Gibson, C. H. McCabe, C. P. Cannon, E. M. Antman, and E. Braunwald Performance of the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk index in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction-3 and -4: A simple index that predicts mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 18, 2004; 44(4): 783 - 789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. I. Larsen and K. Dickstein BNP in acute coronary syndromes: the heart expresses its suffering Eur. Heart J., August 1, 2004; 25(15): 1284 - 1286. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R Bugiardini Risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome: focus on unstable angina/non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction Heart, July 1, 2004; 90(7): 729 - 731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Sharp and J. Mayet Review: The utility of BNP in clinical practice Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, June 1, 2004; 5(2): 53 - 58. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Bazzino, J. J Fuselli, F. Botto, D. Perez de Arenaza, C. Bahit, J. Dadone, and for the PACS group of investigators Relative value of N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide, TIMI risk score, ACC/AHA prognostic classification and other risk markers in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2004; 25(10): 859 - 866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Goetze, W. Yongzhong, J. F Rehfeld, E. Jorgensen, and J. Kastrup Coronary angiography transiently increases plasma pro-B-type natriuretic peptide Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2004; 25(9): 759 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. B. Granger, J. E. Van Eyk, S. C. Mockrin, N. L. Anderson, and on behalf of the Working Group Members National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Clinical Proteomics Working Group Report Circulation, April 13, 2004; 109(14): 1697 - 1703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P L Sanchez, J L Morinigo, P Pabon, F Martin, I Piedra, I F Palacios, and C Martin-Luengo Prognostic relations between inflammatory markers and mortality in diabetic patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome Heart, March 1, 2004; 90(3): 264 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Elsaesser and C. W. Hamm Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Risk of Being Female Circulation, February 10, 2004; 109(5): 565 - 567. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Wiviott, C. P. Cannon, D. A. Morrow, S. A. Murphy, C. M. Gibson, C. H. McCabe, M. S. Sabatine, N. Rifai, R. P. Giugliano, P. M. DiBattiste, et al. Differential Expression of Cardiac Biomarkers by Gender in Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A TACTICS-TIMI 18 (Treat Angina with Aggrastat and determine Cost of Therapy with an Invasive or Conservative Strategy-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction 18) Substudy Circulation, February 10, 2004; 109(5): 580 - 586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. de Denus, C. Pharand, and D. R. Williamson Brain Natriuretic Peptide in the Management of Heart Failure: The Versatile Neurohormone Chest, February 1, 2004; 125(2): 652 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Heeschen, S. Dimmeler, S. Fichtlscherer, C. W. Hamm, J. Berger, M. L. Simoons, and A. M. Zeiher Prognostic Value of Placental Growth Factor in Patients With Acute Chest Pain JAMA, January 28, 2004; 291(4): 435 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Clerico and M. Emdin Diagnostic Accuracy and Prognostic Relevance of the Measurement of Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides: A Review Clin. Chem., January 1, 2004; 50(1): 33 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Bibbins-Domingo, M. Ansari, N. B. Schiller, B. Massie, and M. A. Whooley B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Ischemia in Patients With Stable Coronary Disease: Data From the Heart and Soul Study Circulation, December 16, 2003; 108(24): 2987 - 2992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Jernberg, B. Lindahl, A. Siegbahn, B. Andren, G. Frostfeldt, B. Lagerqvist, M. Stridsberg, P. Venge, and L. Wallentin N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in relation to inflammation, myocardial necrosis, and the effect of an invasive strategy in unstable coronary artery disease J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 3, 2003; 42(11): 1909 - 1916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|