Published Online
on October 25, 2004

A more recent version of this article appeared on November 2, 2004

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Submitted on September 19, 2003
Revised on June 4, 2004
Accepted on June 7, 2004

Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Toll-Like Receptor-2-Knockout Mice

Naoki Nozaki MD, PhD, Tetsuro Shishido MD, PhD, Yasuchika Takeishi MD, PhD^*, and Isao Kubota MD, PhD

From the First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: takeishi{at}med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.

Background--Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of the interleukin-1 receptor family and are involved in the responsiveness to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Recent studies have demonstrated that TLRs are activated by endogenous signals, such as heat shock proteins and oxidative stress, which may contribute to congestive heart failure. Oxidative stress is one of the major factors in doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Thus, we hypothesized that TLRs contribute to the pathogenesis of Dox-induced cardiac dysfunction.

Methods and Results--Cardiac dysfunction was induced by a single injection of Dox (20 mg/kg IP) into wild-type (WT) mice and TLR-2-knockout (KO) mice. Five days after Dox injection, left ventricular dimension at end-diastole was smaller and fractional shortening was higher in KO mice compared with WT mice (P<0.01). Nuclear factor-B activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines after Dox were suppressed in KO mice compared with WT mice (P<0.01). The numbers of TUNEL-positive nuclei and Dox-induced caspase-3 activation were less in KO mice than in WT mice (P<0.01). Survival rate was significantly higher in KO mice than in WT mice 10 days after Dox injection (46% vs 11%, P<0.05).

Conclusions--These findings suggest that TLR-2 may play a role in the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic mediators in the heart after Dox administration.

Key words: apoptosis • cardiomyopathy • receptors • interleukins • fee radicals

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