Published Online
on August 23, 2004

A more recent version of this article appeared on August 31, 2004

This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 110/9/1097    most recent 01.CIR.0000139843.05436.A0v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Khan, I. Articles by Taylor, P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Khan, I. Articles by Taylor, P. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB CHOLESTEROL Medline Plus Health Information Dietary Fats High Blood Pressure High Risk Pregnancy Metabolic Syndrome Related Collections Nutrition Obesity Animal models of human disease Risk Factors Hypertension - basic studies Peripheral vascular disease Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide

Submitted on January 30, 2004
Revised on March 25, 2004
Accepted on March 26, 2004

Predictive Adaptive Responses to Maternal High-Fat Diet Prevent Endothelial Dysfunction but Not Hypertension in Adult Rat Offspring

Imran Khan PhD, Vasia Dekou MSc, Mark Hanson DPhil, Lucilla Poston PhD, and Paul Taylor PhD^*

From the Maternal and Fetal Research Unit, Division of Reproductive Health, Endocrinology and Development, Kings’ College, London (I.K., V.D., L.P., P.T.), and the Centre for Developmental Origins of Adulthood Disease, Southampton University, Southampton (M.H.), UK.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: paul.taylor{at}kcl.ac.uk.

Background--Population-based studies suggest that fetal adaptive responses to maternal dietary imbalance confer survival benefit when the postnatal diet remains suboptimal but increase susceptibility to cardiovascular disease when postnatal nutrition is improved. We have investigated "predictive adaptive" responses in a rodent model in which adult offspring of fat-fed dams develop characteristics of the metabolic syndrome.

Methods and Results--Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a fat-rich diet or normal chow throughout pregnancy and weaning. Vascular endothelial function and blood pressure were determined in 180-day-old offspring of fat-fed dams raised on standard chow (FC) or on the fat-rich diet (FF) and in offspring of chow-fed dams raised on chow (CON). Small mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent dilation to acetylcholine was impaired in male and female FC (by ANOVA, P<0.001 versus CON) but similar to CON in FF (P=NS). Blood glucose was lower in FF versus FC. Heart rate was reduced in male FC versus CON (P<0.05) but not in FF. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were reduced in male FF compared with CON (P<0.05). Blood pressure was raised in female FC (systolic, 132.5±3.0 mm Hg versus CON, 119.0±3.8 mm Hg, P<0.05; diastolic, 91.2±1.7 mm Hg versus CON, 81.1±1.4 mm Hg, P<0.05) and in female FF (systolic, 132.5±4.2 mm Hg versus CON, P<0.05; diastolic, 91.0±1.9 mm Hg versus CON, P<0.05). Blood pressure was similar to CON in male FC and FF.

Conclusions--Predictive adaptive responses prevent endothelial dysfunction and reduced heart rate in offspring of fat-fed dams if offspring are raised on the same diet but do not prevent development of raised blood pressure.

Key words: diet • endothelium • blood pressure • telemetry • pregnancy

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. A. Dunn and T. L. Bale Maternal High-Fat Diet Promotes Body Length Increases and Insulin Insensitivity in Second-Generation Mice Endocrinology, November 1, 2009; 150(11): 4999 - 5009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. White, M. N. Purpera, and C. D. Morrison Maternal obesity is necessary for programming effect of high-fat diet on offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2009; 296(5): R1464 - R1472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Chechi, J. J. McGuire, and S. K. Cheema Developmental programming of lipid metabolism and aortic vascular function in C57BL/6 mice: a novel study suggesting an involvement of LDL-receptor Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2009; 296(4): R1029 - R1040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Palinski Sodium Exposure Induces Stroke in a Genetically Susceptible Model: New Insights Into Early-Life Factors Modulating Adult Disease Circulation, March 24, 2009; 119(11): 1459 - 1462. [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. J. Howie, D. M. Sloboda, T. Kamal, and M. H. Vickers Maternal nutritional history predicts obesity in adult offspring independent of postnatal diet J. Physiol., February 15, 2009; 587(4): 905 - 915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Mingrone, M. Manco, M. E. Valera Mora, C. Guidone, A. Iaconelli, D. Gniuli, L. Leccesi, C. Chiellini, and G. Ghirlanda Influence of Maternal Obesity on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Offspring Diabetes Care, September 1, 2008; 31(9): 1872 - 1876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. M. Elahi, F. R. Cagampang, F. W. Anthony, N. Curzen, S. K. Ohri, and M. A. Hanson Statin Treatment in Hypercholesterolemic Pregnant Mice Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Their Offspring Hypertension, April 1, 2008; 51(4): 939 - 944. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Shankar, A. Harrell, X. Liu, J. M. Gilchrist, M. J. J. Ronis, and T. M. Badger Maternal obesity at conception programs obesity in the offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): R528 - R538. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.-M. Samuelsson, P. A. Matthews, M. Argenton, M. R. Christie, J. M. McConnell, E. H.J. M. Jansen, A. H. Piersma, S. E. Ozanne, D. F. Twinn, C. Remacle, et al. Diet-Induced Obesity in Female Mice Leads to Offspring Hyperphagia, Adiposity, Hypertension, and Insulin Resistance: A Novel Murine Model of Developmental Programming Hypertension, February 1, 2008; 51(2): 383 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Palinski and C. Napoli Impaired Fetal Growth, Cardiovascular Disease, and the Need to Move on Circulation, January 22, 2008; 117(3): 341 - 343. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Ferezou-Viala, A.-F. Roy, C. Serougne, D. Gripois, M. Parquet, V. Bailleux, A. Gertler, B. Delplanque, J. Djiane, M. Riottot, et al. Long-term consequences of maternal high-fat feeding on hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and diet-induced obesity in the offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): R1056 - R1062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. K. Cleal, K. R. Poore, J. P. Boullin, O. Khan, R. Chau, O. Hambidge, C. Torrens, J. P. Newman, L. Poston, D. E. Noakes, et al. Mismatched pre- and postnatal nutrition leads to cardiovascular dysfunction and altered renal function in adulthood PNAS, May 29, 2007; 104(22): 9529 - 9533. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Sedova, O. Seda, L. Kazdova, B. Chylikova, P. Hamet, J. Tremblay, V. Kren, and D. Krenova Sucrose feeding during pregnancy and lactation elicits distinct metabolic response in offspring of an inbred genetic model of metabolic syndrome Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2007; 292(5): E1318 - E1324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Gallou-Kabani, A. Vige, M.-S. Gross, C. Boileau, J.-P. Rabes, J. Fruchart-Najib, J.-P. Jais, and C. Junien Resistance to high-fat diet in the female progeny of obese mice fed a control diet during the periconceptual, gestation, and lactation periods Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2007; 292(4): E1095 - E1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. D. Taylor and L. Poston Developmental programming of obesity in mammals Exp Physiol, March 1, 2007; 92(2): 287 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. N. Van Vliet and L. L. Chafe Maternal Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Genotype Influences Offspring Blood Pressure and Activity in Mice Hypertension, March 1, 2007; 49(3): 556 - 562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Yamashita, S. Freigang, C. Eberle, J. Pattison, S. Gupta, C. Napoli, and W. Palinski Maternal Immunization Programs Postnatal Immune Responses and Reduces Atherosclerosis in Offspring Circ. Res., September 29, 2006; 99(7): E51 - E64. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P W F Hadoke, R S Lindsay, J R Seckl, B R Walker, and C J Kenyon Altered vascular contractility in adult female rats with hypertension programmed by prenatal glucocorticoid exposure. J. Endocrinol., March 1, 2006; 188(3): 435 - 442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Souzeau, S. Belanger, S. Picard, and C. F. Deschepper Dietary isoflavones during pregnancy and lactation provide cardioprotection to offspring rats in adulthood Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2005; 289(2): H715 - H721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Gallou-Kabani and C. Junien Nutritional Epigenomics of Metabolic Syndrome: New Perspective Against the Epidemic Diabetes, July 1, 2005; 54(7): 1899 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Armitage, P. D. Taylor, and L. Poston Experimental models of developmental programming: consequences of exposure to an energy rich diet during development J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 3 - 8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Hanson and P. D. Gluckman Developmental processes and the induction of cardiovascular function: conceptual aspects J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 27 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Armitage, L. Lakasing, P. D. Taylor, A. A. Balachandran, R. I. Jensen, V. Dekou, N. Ashton, J. R. Nyengaard, and L. Poston Developmental programming of aortic and renal structure in offspring of rats fed fat-rich diets in pregnancy J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 171 - 184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Napoli, O. Pignalosa, F. de Nigris, and V. Sica Childhood Infection and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Potential Link in Atherosclerosis? Circulation, April 5, 2005; 111(13): 1568 - 1570. [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. C. Mcmillen and J. S. Robinson Developmental Origins of the Metabolic Syndrome: Prediction, Plasticity, and Programming Physiol Rev, April 1, 2005; 85(2): 571 - 633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Racasan, B. Braam, H. A. Koomans, and J. A. Joles Programming blood pressure in adult SHR by shifting perinatal balance of NO and reactive oxygen species toward NO: the inverted Barker phenomenon Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): F626 - F636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Altimiras, P. Milberg, I. Khan, V. Dekou, L. Poston, P. Taylor, and M. Hanson Letter Regarding Article by Khan et al, "Predictive Adaptive Responses to Maternal High-Fat Diet Prevent Endothelial Dysfunction but Not Hypertension in Adult Rat Offspring" * Response Circulation, March 29, 2005; 111(12): e166 - e166. [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Y. Khan, V. Dekou, G. Douglas, R. Jensen, M. A. Hanson, L. Poston, and P. D. Taylor A high-fat diet during rat pregnancy or suckling induces cardiovascular dysfunction in adult offspring Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R127 - R133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. D. Taylor, J. McConnell, I. Y. Khan, K. Holemans, K. M. Lawrence, H. Asare-Anane, S. J. Persaud, P. M. Jones, L. Petrie, M. A. Hanson, et al. Impaired glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial abnormalities in offspring of rats fed a fat-rich diet in pregnancy Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R134 - R139. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Armitage, I. Y Khan, P. D Taylor, P. W Nathanielsz, and L. Poston Developmental programming of the metabolic syndrome by maternal nutritional imbalance: how strong is the evidence from experimental models in mammals? J. Physiol., December 1, 2004; 561(2): 355 - 377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]