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on September 30, 2002

Circulation. 2002
Published online before print September 30, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000033830.36431.46
A more recent version of this article appeared on October 22, 2002
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Submitted on April 22, 2002
Revised on July 29, 2002
Accepted on July 29, 2002

Stimulation of Id1 Expression by Bone Morphogenetic Protein Is Sufficient and Necessary for Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Induced Activation of Endothelial Cells

Gudrun Valdimarsdottir MS, Marie-José Goumans PhD, Alexander Rosendahl PhD, Martijn Brugman MS, Susumu Itoh PhD, Franck Lebrin PhD, Paschalis Sideras PhD, and Peter ten Dijke PhD*

From the Division of Cellular Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (G.V., M.-J.G., M.B., S.I., F.L. P.t.D.), and the Department of Immunology, Biomedical Center Lund University, Lund, Sweden (A.R., P.S.).

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: p.t.dijke{at}nki.nl.

Background—Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional proteins that regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of a large variety of cell types. Like other members of the transforming growth factor-ß family, BMPs elicit their cellular effects through activating specific combinations of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and their downstream effector proteins, which are termed Smads. In the present study, we investigated BMP receptor/Smad expression and signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) and examined the effects of BMP on EC behavior.

Methods and Results—Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue sections of human colon and mouse heart and aorta showed that BMP receptors are expressed in ECs in vivo. Bovine aortic ECs and mouse embryonic ECs were found to express BMP receptors and their Smads. BMP receptor activation induced the phosphorylation of specific Smad proteins and promoted EC migration and tube formation. Id1 was identified as a BMP/Smad target in ECs. Ectopic expression of Id1 mimicked BMP-induced effects. Importantly, specific interference with Id1 expression blocked BMP-induced EC migration.

Conclusions—The BMP/Smad pathway can potently activate the endothelium. Id1 expression is strongly induced by BMP in ECs. Ectopic expression of Id1 induces EC migration and tube formation. Moreover, Id1 played a critical role in mediating BMP-induced EC migration.


Key words: angiogenesis • signal transduction • growth substances




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