on July 15, 2002
Circulation. 2002
Published online before print July 15, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000023921.93743.89
Published online before print July 15, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000023921.93743.89
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Submitted on February 4, 2002
From the Sealy Center for Molecular Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex (S.W.B., C.A.K.-L., D.L.B., C.A.C., Z.H., G.C.H., K.M.); the Program in Molecular Cardiology (C.P., C.H., M.S.R.) and Department of Internal Medicine and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.P.), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC; the Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (J.R.); and Suma Partners, Houston, Tex (R.L.). * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mrunge{at}med.unc.edu.
Background—Coronary atherosclerotic disease remains the leading cause of death in the Western world. Although the exact sequence of events in this process is controversial, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RS) likely play an important role in vascular cell dysfunction and atherogenesis. Oxidative damage to the mitochondrial genome with resultant mitochondrial dysfunction is an important consequence of increased intracellular RS. Methods and Results—We examined the contribution of mitochondrial oxidant generation and DNA damage to the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in human arterial specimens and atherosclerosis-prone mice. Mitochondrial DNA damage not only correlated with the extent of atherosclerosis in human specimens and aortas from apolipoprotein E-/- mice but also preceded atherogenesis in young apolipoprotein E-/- mice. Apolipoprotein E-/- mice deficient in manganese superoxide dismutase, a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, exhibited early increases in mitochondrial DNA damage and a phenotype of accelerated atherogenesis at arterial branch points. Conclusions—Mitochondrial DNA damage may result from RS production in vascular tissues and may in turn be an early event in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesions.
Revised on May 15, 2002
Accepted on May 15, 2002
Mitochondrial Integrity and Function in Atherogenesis
Scott W. Ballinger PhD,
Key words: atherosclerosis • muscle, smooth • antioxidants
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