Files in this Data Supplement:

• Figure I - (Power Point) (254 KB) A: The aortic arch and bifurcations to the right common carotid artery, the left common carotid artery and the left brachiocephalic artery of an ApoE-/- mouse. The white areas indicated by the arrows are atherosclerotic plaques. Note that plaques are located in the inner curvature of the aortic arch and at the bifurcations, where relatively low shear stress and oscillatory shear stress conditions prevail respectively. B: The proximal area upstream from the cast exposed at sacrifice of an apoE-/- mouse after 6 weeks of cast placement. The cast is marked by an asterisk. The white areas indicated by the arrows are atherosclerotic lesions. Note that the plaques are present along the entire upstream segment.
• Figure II - (Power Point) (250 KB) Displayed are the Doppler measurements of two heart beats (panel A) necessary to perform pulsatile CFD calculation. In panels B, C and D the 3D vessel geometry and - in color - the wall shear stress is projected on the vessel lumen. Panel B is early during the cardiac cycle, Panel C during peak of the cardiac cycle and panel D during the deceleration phase of the cardiac cycle. Note that despite large variations of wall shear stress upstream and in the cast, a change was present downstream from the cast.
• Figure III - (Power Point) (81 KB) The same vessel as displayed in figure II is now presented. The vessel has been cut open and on the vessel wall we have displayed the shear stress vectors. Note that the direction of the vectors is changing immediately after the cast implicating the presence of a vortex in the lumen of the vessel.
• Supplemental Methods - (Word) (52 KB)