Circulation. 2005;111:3341
(Circulation. 2005;111:3341.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Issue Highlights
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IS OBESITY A RISK FACTOR FOR MORTALITY IN CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY? by Jin et al.
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This article investigates the role of body size on operative
mortality after isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery
in 16 218 patients. Prior reports on body size (body mass index)
have resulted in conflicting results. Body mass index in a logistic
regression model was not found to be a statistically significant
risk factor for mortality. The lowest mortality was observed
in the high, normal, and overweight subgroups as compared with
obese and underweight subgroups. However, obesity does remain
a risk factor for sternal wound complications and negatively
impacts late cardiovascular health. A little fat may be protective
to get you through surgery, and being underweight increases
the operative risk. See p
3359.
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EFFECTS OF EXERCISE AND ISCHEMIA ON MOBILIZATION AND FUNCTIONAL ACTIVATION OF BLOOD-DERIVED PROGENITOR CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC SYNDROMES: RESULTS OF 3 RANDOMIZED STUDIES, by Sandri et al.
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Exercise training reduces myocardial ischemia in patients with
coronary artery disease and lower-limb ischemia in patients
with peripheral arterial disease. Several mechanisms may account
for these findings, including an improvement in regional perfusion.
Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise training induces
changes in vascular endothelial function and leads to enhanced
vasodilation in local vascular beds. In this provocative study,
Sandri and colleagues evaluated whether regular exercise may
induce a regeneration of diseased endothelium by circulating
progenitor cells or circulating progenitor cell-derived vasculogenesis,
and whether ischemic stimuli are required to effect such changes.
Their findings provide important new insights into this complex
process. See p
3391.
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IMPROVED MYOCARDIAL ß-ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS AND SIGNALING WITH EXERCISE TRAINING IN HYPERTENSION, by MacDonnell et al.
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Myocardial ß-adrenergic receptor responsiveness is
depressed in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy,
in association with multiple alterations in the signaling pathway
that couples the ß-adrenergic receptor to calcium
handling and myocyte function. Exercise training is known to
improve myocardial ß-adrenergic responsiveness in
this setting. MacDonnell et al examined the mechanism of this
beneficial effect of exercise in spontaneously hypertensive
rats. They found that levels of GRK2, a protein that desensitizes
the ß-adrenergic receptor, were reduced by exercise,
in association with increased phosphorylation of two targets
of ß-adrenergic receptor-mediated phosphorylation,
the ryanodine receptor and phospholamban. These findings suggest
that biochemical alterations in the ß-adrenergic receptor
signaling cascade can have important functional consequences
in both the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction and the response
to therapeutic interventions such as exercise training. See
p
3420.
Visit http://www.circ.ahajournals.org:
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Images in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Ventricular Septum Rupture After Myocardial Infarction Demonstrated
by Multislice Computed Tomography. See p
e449.
Right Ventricular Lead Perforation Presenting as Left Chest Wall Muscle Stimulation. See p e451. 
Posterior Descending Artery Milking-Like Effect Caused by Ventricle Pseudoaneurysm Compression. See p e453.
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Correspondence
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See p
e455.
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Ventricular Septum Rupture After Myocardial Infarction Demonstrated by Multislice Computed Tomography
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[Extract]
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Right Ventricular Lead Perforation Presenting as Left Chest Wall Muscle Stimulation
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Circulation 2005 111: e451-e452.
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Letter Regarding Article by Gage et al, "Selecting Patients With Atrial Fibrillation for Anticoagulation: Stroke Risk Stratification in Patients Taking Aspirin" • Response
- Robert A. Boyajian, Shirley M. Otis, Brian F. Gage, Carl van Walraven, Lesly Pearce, Robert G. Hart, Peter J. Koudstaal, B.S.P. Boode, and Palle Petersen
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Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Mortality in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?
- Ruyun Jin, Gary L. Grunkemeier, Anthony P. Furnary, John R. Handy, Jr for the Providence Health System Cardiovascular Study Group
Circulation 2005 111: 3359-3365.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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Improved Myocardial ß-Adrenergic Responsiveness and Signaling With Exercise Training in Hypertension
- Scott M. MacDonnell, Hajime Kubo, Deborah L. Crabbe, Brian F. Renna, Patricia O. Reger, Jun Mohara, L. Ashley Smithwick, Walter J. Koch, Steven R. Houser, and Joseph R. Libonati
Circulation 2005 111: 3420-3428.
[Abstract]
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Effects of Exercise and Ischemia on Mobilization and Functional Activation of Blood-Derived Progenitor Cells in Patients With Ischemic Syndromes: Results of 3 Randomized Studies
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[Abstract]
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IS OBESITY A RISK...
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE AND...