Published online before print March 21, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000159340.93220.E4
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2005;111:1487-1491.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Heart Failure |
Risk of Worsening Renal Function With Nesiritide in Patients With Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure
From the Clinical Scholars Program, Division of Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY (J.D.S.-B., H.A.S.), and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.D.A.).
Correspondence to Jonathan D. Sackner-Bernstein, MD, FACC, Clinical Scholars Program, Division of Cardiology, Cohen 1, North Shore University Hospital, 300 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY 11030. E-mail jonathansb{at}yahoo.com
Received August 13, 2004; revision received November 26, 2004; accepted January 11, 2005.
 |
Abstract |
|---|
 Top Abstract IntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
Background— Renal function is an important prognostic factor for patients with acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF). We investigated the renal effects of nesiritide as treatment for ADHF.
Methods and Results— Randomized clinical trials comparing nesiritide with either placebo or active control for ADHF were identified by electronic and manual searches and thorough review of US Food and Drug Administration files available via the website. Worsening renal function was defined as an increase in serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dL. Relative risk across all studies was determined by meta-analysis with Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects models (RRMH). Risk of dialysis and medical intervention for worsening renal function were compared between therapies. Frequency of worsening renal function was determined from 5 randomized studies that included 1269 patients. Use of Food and Drug Administration–approved doses of nesiritide (
0.03 µg · kg–1 · min–1) significantly increased the risk of worsening renal function compared with non–inotrope-based control (RRMH, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.00; P=0.003) or any control therapy, including non–inotrope- and inotrope-based therapies (RRMH, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.98; P=0.001). Even low-dose nesiritide (0.015 µg · kg–1 · min–1) significantly increased risk (P=0.012 and P=0.006 compared with non–inotrope- and inotrope-based controls, respectively), as did nesiritide administered at any dose up to 0.06 µg · kg–1 · min–1 (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively). There was no difference in the need for dialysis between therapies.
Conclusions— Nesiritide significantly increases the risk of worsening renal function in patients with ADHF. Whether worsening renal function reflects hemodynamic effect or renal injury is unknown, but the prognostic importance of worsening renal function suggests the need for further investigation in appropriately powered clinical trials.
Key Words: heart failure • kidney • meta-analysis • natriuretic peptides • pharmacology
|
Introduction |
|---|
|
TopAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
Nesiritide is a potent vasodilator proven to rapidly reduce cardiac filling pressures and to improve dyspnea in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure.1–4 Several moderately sized controlled trials suggest that it is safe,4–8 as do large prospective registries.9 Nonetheless, no adequately powered randomized clinical trial has defined the long-term safety of nesiritide.
See p 1459
Renal dysfunction is a strong correlate of long-term risk in cardiovascular medicine. The level of renal dysfunction, measured by serum creatinine,10–12 glomerular filtration rate,13,14 or calculated creatinine clearance,15–17 predicts outcome in patients with heart failure13–17 and in those after infarction.10,18,19 In parallel with the prognostic importance of the presence of renal dysfunction, worsening renal function immediately after coronary bypass portends a worse prognosis,20,21 as is the case for worsening renal function in patients hospitalized for acutely decompensated heart failure,22–25 with an increase in serum creatinine of just 0.1 mg/dL predictive of worsened outcome independently of baseline creatinine.25 Moreover, the relationship between even transient increases in creatinine and worse outcome has been demonstrated at levels of 0.3 to 0.5 mg/dL.22–25
Therefore, to determine whether there is potential risk with nesiritide, we performed a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of nesiritide in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure to assess the risk of worsening renal function.
|
Methods |
|---|
|
TopAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
Searching
The primary sources used to identify trials were (1) US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) documents released by the Cardiovascular and Renal Drug Advisory Committee for meetings in 1999 and 2001, which included the New Drug Application submission prepared by Scios (http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/01/briefing/3749b2.htm)26–29; (2) the sponsor of the drug (Scios Inc, Medical Affairs Department)30; (3) a literature search using PubMed (using the search criteria "nesiritide" limited to clinical trials on humans published in English through July 2004); and (4) a manual search of annual meetings of the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and Heart Failure Society of America. From these sources, 7 unique randomized trials were identified.
Selection
Trials were selected for this meta-analysis when they fulfilled each of the following characteristics: randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study on patients with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure and effect on serum creatinine reported.
Risk of Worsening Renal Function
Although several definitions of worsening renal function were recorded in the study reports, the one used consistently in each of these trials was an increase in serum creatinine (SCr) >0.5 mg/dL recorded at any time during the inpatient portion of the trial. The clinical trials performed to date with nesiritide do not permit formal determination of dose-related effects of the drug. To address the concerns that any differences detected could be due to use of inappropriately high doses or conversely that higher doses might minimize potential adverse effects by achieving maximal hemodynamic benefit, 6 separate comparisons were performed: (1) the FDA-approved doses for nesiritide infusion (0.03 µg · kg–1 · min–1)31 and non–inotrope-based control therapy (defined as control therapy that did not mandate use of positive inotropic agents), (2) FDA-approved doses of nesiritide and all control therapies (including trials that did and did not mandate use of positive inotropic agents in the control group), (3) low doses of nesiritide (0.015 µg · kg–1 · min–1) and non–inotrope-based controls, (4) low doses of nesiritide (0.015 µg · kg–1 · min–1) and all control therapies, (5) all nesiritide doses (up to 0.06 µg · kg–1 · min–1) and non–inotrope-based controls, and (6) all nesiritide doses (up to 0.06 µg · kg–1 · min–1) and all control therapies.
Studies were reviewed for the incidence of worsening renal function; the data were extracted by 2 authors (J.S.B. and H.A.S.) into spreadsheet format.
Intervention for Worsening Renal Function
The occurrence of renal failure requiring dialysis was reported in 3 studies, and the occurrence of renal failure requiring a medical intervention but not dialysis was reported in 2 studies (Table 1). The frequency of each was tabulated separately.
|
Statistical Analyses
Meta-analyses were performed to determine the risk ratios (RRs) for worsening renal function (for each of the previously defined datasets), dialysis, and medical intervention without dialysis for nesiritide versus control therapy. For each analysis, data were assessed for interstudy heterogeneity by the Breslow-Day test.32 Because there was no evidence of heterogeneity, fixed-effects models were obtained with the Mantel-Haenszel technique (PROC FREQ, SAS for Macintosh, version 6.12, SAS Inc), with results expressed as adjusted RRs (RRMH) with 95% CIs. Two-tailed values of P<0.05 were considered significant without adjustments for multiple hypothesis testing.
|
Results |
|---|
|
TopAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
Study Characteristics
Seven multicenter randomized controlled trials were identified that assessed nesiritide infusions for the treatment of acutely decompensated heart failure (Table 1).4,6–8,33 Of those studies, the effects on creatinine were not available for 2 studies, PROACTION7 and FUSION.8 Five randomized studies (1288 patients were enrolled and randomized, 1269 underwent assessment of renal function) reported the effects of nesiritide on renal function as measured by the frequency of increased SCr >0.5 mg/dL,4,6,33 forming the basis of these analyses (Table 2). Because there was no evidence of heterogeneity across trials (Breslow-Day test probability value ranged from 0.43 to 0.70; rejecting the null hypothesis of homogeneity would conservatively require P
0.1), all meta-analyses were performed with fixed-effects models.
|
The incidence of worsening renal function requiring medical intervention was reported in 2 of the phase II infusion trials (studies 325 and 326), as was the need for dialysis, which was also reported in VMAC (Table 3).
|
Risk of Worsening Renal Function
Compared with non–inotrope-based control therapy (ie, diuretics and other vasodilators), use of FDA-approved doses of nesiritide (0.03 µg · kg–1 · min–1) in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure significantly increased the risk of worsening renal function (22% versus 15%; RRMH,1.52; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.00; P=0.003), as did low-dose nesiritide (0.015 µg · kg–1 · min–1; 23% versus 15%; RRMH, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.95; P=0.012) and nesiritide administered at any dose (0.06 µg · kg–1 · min–1; 22% versus 15%; RRMH, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.00; P=0.002).
Compared with any control therapy, both non–inotrope- and inotrope-based, nesiritide administered at FDA-approved doses, at low doses, or at any dose increased the risk of worsening renal function (21% versus 15% for each; RRMH,1.54; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.98; P=0.001; RRMH, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.93; P=0.006; and RRMH, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.99; P=0.001, respectively; Table 4 and the Figure).
|
|
Intervention for Worsening Renal Function
The frequency of worsening renal function requiring medical intervention short of dialysis was increased in nesiritide-treated patients. As determined by the investigators, 32 of 288 nesiritide patients (11.1%) compared with 6 of 144 (4.2%) required medical intervention. This represented a statistically significant excess risk of 129% for the nesiritide group (RRMH, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 4.89; P=0.03).
There was, however, no difference between nesiritide and control groups in the need for dialysis, which was instituted in 14 of 561 nesiritide patients (2.5%) and 8 of 360 control patients (2.2%). The adjusted RRMH for nesiritide compared with control patients was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.50 to 2.76; P=0.71).
|
Discussion |
|---|
|
TopAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
Nesiritide is a potent vasodilator that promptly and consistently lowers cardiac filling pressures.1–4 Along with the marked reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, nesiritide significantly reduces dyspnea.1–4 In contrast to positive inotropic agents, nesiritide poses no arrhythmic risk.6 Together, these effects make nesiritide an attractive treatment for patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. However, the data from randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of nesiritide for the treatment of acutely decompensated heart failure show significant risk of worsening renal function compared with control therapy.
During treatment of patients with acutely decompensated heart failure, serum creatinine levels can be quite dynamic. Krumholz et al22 reported that 28% (469 of 1681) of patients developed worsening renal function during heart failure hospitalization, which they defined as an increase in serum creatinine of 
0.3 mg/dL. Patients with worsening renal function were at increased risk of death while hospitalized and within 30 days and 6 months of discharge [odds ratio (OR), 2.72; 95% CI, 1.62 to 4.58; OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.80; and OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.19 to 2.05, respectively]. Using similar definitions, Forman et al34 reported similar risks during the index hospitalization (RRMH, 7.5; 95% CI, 2.9 to 19.3). Although no threshold has been defined below which risk does not appear to be affected, as the magnitude of the change increases, so does the magnitude of the risk and the statistical robustness of the association.24,25 Larger increases in creatinine (0.5 mg/dL) portend a worse prognosis, with a significantly increased risk of death (hazard ratio, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.55 to 5.26)24 predicted with high specificity (82%).25 In each of these studies, the changes in creatinine were assessed as peak levels, not the level that was eventually reached.
An acknowledged limitation to meta-analyses is the inability to adjust statistically for differences in other factors beyond treatment group assignment that could have influenced the development of renal dysfunction. Access to raw data might permit further risk adjustment by meta-regression techniques. Appropriately powered prospective studies could delineate whether the risk of worsening renal function is caused by nesiritide or is related to baseline characteristics in a subset of patients and could identify predictors of this phenomenon.
Despite the strength of the observation that worsening renal function is associated with worse clinical outcomes, no data in these or other studies demonstrate that this relationship is true for nesiritide as it is for some other therapies. The physiology of antagonizing the renin-angiotensin system appears to be an exception in which the relationship does not hold between transient worsening renal function and adverse outcome. Antagonizing angiotensin II–induced efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction reduces glomerular filtration rate and generally leads to increases in creatinine levels.35 In fact, increased creatinine is a barometer that reflects adequacy of renin-angiotensin system blockade. Although it is possible that nesiritide could lead to worsening renal function without adversely affecting outcomes, this can be determined only by a prospective mortality trial. Furthermore, even if the basis for elevated creatinine levels were hemodynamic, it would not obviate the need for further investigation because both calcium channel blockers and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can worsen renal function in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure, in part by hemodynamic effects.23
Nesiritide is widely used, largely because of its prompt improvement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and symptoms.1–4 However, this should be balanced against the possibility of worsening renal function, especially in the absence of a long-term outcomes trial. The strong association between elevations in serum creatinine levels and risk reported by several studies,22–25 coupled with the statistically significant risk of worsening renal function and the need for medical intervention with nesiritide therapy, suggests that nesiritide could be associated with clinically relevant risk. The presence of such an association suggests that the short-term effects of nesiritide may not be sufficient to ensure long-term safety. A prospective mortality trial is necessary to determine the proper use of nesiritide for patients with acutely decompensated heart failure.
|
Acknowledgments |
|---|
We acknowledge statistical advice from Brenda Gillespie, PhD.
|
References |
|---|
|
TopAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionReferences |
|---|
1. Abraham WT, Lowes BD, Ferguson DA, Odom J, Kim JK, Robertson AD, Bristow MR, Schrier RW. Systemic hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of a steady-state infusion of human brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hemodynamically decompensated heart failure. J Card Fail. 1998; 4: 37–44.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
2. Mills RM, LeJemtel TH, Horton DP, Liang C, Lang R, Silver MA, Lui C, Chatterjee K. Sustained hemodynamic effects of an infusion of nesiritide (human b-type natriuretic peptide) in heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial: Natrecor Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999; 34: 155–162.
3. Colucci WS, Elkayam U, Horton D, Abraham WT, Bourge RC, Johnson A, Wagoner LE, Givertz MM, Liang C-S, Neibaur M, Haught WH, LeJemtel T. Intravenous nesiritide, a natriuretic peptide, in the treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure: Nesiritide Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000; 343: 246–253.
4. Publication Committee for the VMAC Investigators. Intravenous nesiritide vs. nitroglycerin for treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002; 287: 1531–1540.
5. Silver M, Horton D, Ghali J, Elkayam U. Effect of nesiritide versus dobutamine on short-term outcomes in the treatment of patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002; 39: 798–803.
6. Burger AJ, Horton DP, LeJemtel T, Ghali JK, Torre G, Dennish G, Koren M, Dinerman J, Silver M, Cheng ML, Elkayam U. Effect of nesiritide (B-type natriuretic peptide) and dobutamine on ventricular arrhythmias in the treatment of patients with acutely decompensated congestive heart failure: the PRECEDENT study. Am Heart J. 2002; 144: 1102–1108.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
7. Peacock W, Emerman C, Group PS. Safety and efficacy of nesiritide in the treatment of decompensated heart failure in observation patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003; 41: 336A. Abstract.
8. Yancy CW, Saltzberg M, Berkowitz RL, Bertolet B, Vijayaraghavan K, Burnham K, Oren RM, Walker K, Horton DP, Silver MA. Safety and feasibility of using serial infusions of nesiritide for heart failure in an outpatient setting (from the FUSION I Trial). Am J Cardiol. 2004; 94: 595–601.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
9. Fonarow G. The Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE): opportunities to improve care of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2003; 4: S21–S30.
10. Gibson CM, Pinto DS, Murphy SA, Morrow DA, Hobbach HP, Wiviott SD, Giugliano RP, Cannon CP, Antman EM, Braunwald E. Association of creatinine and creatinine clearance on presentation in acute myocardial infarction with subsequent mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003; 42: 1535–1543.
11. Keeley EC, Kadakia R, Soman S, Borzak S, McCullough PA. Analysis of long-term survival after revascularization in patients with chronic kidney disease presenting with acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2003; 92: 509–514.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
12. Nakayama Y, Sakata R, Ura M, Itoh T. Long-term results of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with renal insufficiency. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 75: 496–500.
13. Hillege HL, Girbes AR, de Kam PJ, Boomsma F, de Zeeuw D, Charlesworth A, Hampton JR, van Veldhuisen DJ. Renal function, neurohormonal activation, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2000; 102: 203–210.
14. Al-Ahmad A, Rand WM, Manjunath G, Konstam MA, Salem DN, Levey AS, Sarnak MJ. Reduced kidney function and anemia as risk factors for mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001; 38: 955–962.
15. McAlister FA, Ezekowitz J, Tonelli M, Armstrong PW. Renal insufficiency and heart failure: prognostic and therapeutic implications from a prospective cohort study. Circulation. 2004; 109: 1004–1009.
16. Mahon NG, Blackstone EH, Francis GS, Starling RC, 3rd, Young JB, Lauer MS. The prognostic value of estimated creatinine clearance alongside functional capacity in ambulatory patients with chronic congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002; 40: 1106–1113.
17. Dries DL, Exner DV, Domanski MJ, Greenberg B, Stevenson LW. The prognostic implications of renal insufficiency in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000; 35: 681–689.
18. McCullough PA, Soman SS, Shah SS, Smith ST, Marks KR, Yee J, Borzak S. Risks associated with renal dysfunction in patients in the coronary care unit. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000; 36: 679–684.
19. Hillege HL, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Navis G, Grobbee DE, de Graeff PA, de Zeeuw D. Accelerated decline and prognostic impact of renal function after myocardial infarction and the benefits of ACE inhibition: the CATS randomized trial. Eur Heart J. 2003; 24: 412–420.
20. Chertow GM, Levy EM, Hammermeister KE, Grover F, Daley J. Independent association between acute renal failure and mortality following cardiac surgery. Am J Med. 1998; 104: 343–348.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
21. Mangano CM, Diamondstone LS, Ramsay JG, Aggarwal A, Herskowitz A, Mangano DT. Renal dysfunction after myocardial revascularization: risk factors, adverse outcomes, and hospital resource utilization: the Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128: 194–203.
22. Krumholz HM, Chen YT, Vaccarino V, Wang Y, Radford MJ, Bradford WD, Horwitz RI. Correlates and impact on outcomes of worsening renal function in patients 65 years of age with heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2000; 85: 1110–1113.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
23. Butler J, Forman DE, Abraham WT, Gottlieb SS, Loh E, Massie BM, O‘Connor CM, Rich MW, Stevenson LW, Wang Y, Young JB, Krumholz HM. Relationship between heart failure treatment and development of worsening renal function among hospitalized patients. Am Heart J. 2004; 147: 331–338.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
24. Smith GL, Vaccarino V, Kosiborod M, Lichtman JH, Cheng S, Watnick SG, Krumholz HM. Worsening renal function: what is a clinically meaningful change in creatinine during hospitalization with heart failure? J Card Fail. 2003; 9: 13–25.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
25. Gottlieb SS, Abraham W, Butler J, Forman DE, Loh E, Massie BM, O’Connor CM, Rich MW, Stevenson LW, Young J, Krumholz HM. The prognostic importance of different definitions of worsening renal function in congestive heart failure. J Card Fail. 2002; 8: 136–141.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
26. Scios Inc. NDA 20–920: Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee briefing document (3749b2_01_Scios.pdf). Scios. May 25, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/audiences/acspage/cardiovascularmeetings1.htm. Accessed August 25, 2001.
27. Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee meeting transcript May 25, 2002 (3749t2.rtf). US FDA. May 25, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/audiences/acspage/cardiovascularmeetings1.htm. Accessed September 28, 2001.
28. Karkowsky A. 3749b2_02_02-FDA-Medical Review.pdf, NDA 20–920. US FDA. May 15, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/audiences/acspage/cardiovascularmeetings1.htm. Accessed September 28, 2001.
29. Hung H. Statistical review and evaluation. NDA #: 20–920 Major Amendment (3749b2_02_04-FDA-Statistical-review.pdf). US FDA. April 19, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/audiences/acspage/cardiovascularmeetings1.htm. Accessed September 28, 2001.
30. Medical Information Department SI. Preliminary Results From the Proaction Pilot Trial. Sunnyvale, Calif: Scios Inc; November 20, 2002.
31. Scios Inc. Natrecor product insert, revised September 2001. Available at: http://www.natrecor.com/919_Revised_Promotional_PI.pdf. Accessed on August 25, 2002.
32. Breslow NE, Day NE. The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1994. IARC scientific publication No. 82.
33. Scios Inc. NDA 20–920 Cardio-Renal Advisory Committee briefing document (3749B2_01_Scios-1999.pdf), last updated January 11, 1999. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/audiences/acspage/cardiovascularmeetings1.htm. Accessed on September 28, 2001.
34. Forman DE, Butler J, Wang Y, Abraham WT, O‘Connor CM, Gottlieb SS, Loh E, Massie BM, Rich MW, Stevenson LW, Young JB, Krumholz HM. Incidence, predictors at admission, and impact of worsening renal function among patients hospitalized with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004; 43: 61–67.
35. Bakris GL, Weir MR. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated elevations in serum creatinine: is this a cause for concern? Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160: 685–693.
Related Articles:
Circulation 2005 111: 1455.
Circulation 2005 111: 1459-1461.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A M. Richards Therapeutic potential of infused cardiac natriuretic peptides in myocardial infarction Heart, August 15, 2009; 95(16): 1299 - 1300. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. George, B. Morrow, K. Xu, G.-H. Yi, J. Holmes, E. X. Wu, Z. Li, A. A. Protter, M. C. Oz, and J. Wang Prolonged effects of B-type natriuretic peptide infusion on cardiac remodeling after sustained myocardial injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2009; 297(2): H708 - H717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Pan, H. H. Chen, D. M. Dickey, G. Boerrigter, C. Lee, L. S. Kleppe, J. L. Hall, A. Lerman, M. M. Redfield, L. R. Potter, et al. Biodesign of a renal-protective peptide based on alternative splicing of B-type natriuretic peptide PNAS, July 7, 2009; 106(27): 11282 - 11287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. T. Chan A critical look at acute decompensated heart failure from a nephrologist's perspective Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., July 1, 2009; 24(7): 2024 - 2026. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. A. Allen, A. F. Hernandez, C. M. O'Connor, and G. M. Felker End points for clinical trials in acute heart failure syndromes. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 16, 2009; 53(24): 2248 - 2258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Lapp, V. Mitrovic, N. Franz, H. Heuer, M. Buerke, J. Wolfertz, W. Mueck, S. Unger, G. Wensing, and R. Frey Cinaciguat (BAY 58-2667) Improves Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Circulation, June 2, 2009; 119(21): 2781 - 2788. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Boerrigter and J. C. Burnett Jr Soluble Guanylate Cyclase: Not a Dull Enzyme Circulation, June 2, 2009; 119(21): 2752 - 2754. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. H. Chen, A. Cataliotti, J. A. Schirger, F. L. Martin, L. K. Harstad, and J. C. Burnett Jr Local renal delivery of a natriuretic peptide a renal-enhancing strategy for B-type natriuretic peptide in overt experimental heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 14, 2009; 53(15): 1302 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Hunt, W. T. Abraham, M. H. Chin, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. Jessup, M. A. Konstam, D. M. Mancini, K. Michl, et al. 2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 14, 2009; 53(15): e1 - e90. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Jessup, W. T. Abraham, D. E. Casey, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. A. Konstam, D. M. Mancini, P. S. Rahko, M. A. Silver, et al. 2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 14, 2009; 53(15): 1343 - 1382. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 WRITING GROUP TO REVIEW NEW EVIDENCE AND UPDA, M. Jessup, W. T. Abraham, D. E. Casey, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. A. Konstam, D. M. Mancini, P. S. Rahko, et al. 2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Circulation, April 14, 2009; 119(14): 1977 - 2016. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS, S. A. Hunt, W. T. Abraham, M. H. Chin, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. Jessup, M. A. Konstam, D. M. Mancini, et al. 2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Circulation, April 14, 2009; 119(14): e391 - e479. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. H. Chen Atrial Natriuretic Peptide for the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: What's Old Is New But at the Right Dose and Duration of Therapy! J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 24, 2009; 53(12): 1047 - 1049. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gheorghiade and P. S. Pang Acute heart failure syndromes. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 17, 2009; 53(7): 557 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Mullens, Z. Abrahams, G. S. Francis, G. Sokos, D. O. Taylor, R. C. Starling, J. B. Young, and W.H. W. Tang Importance of venous congestion for worsening of renal function in advanced decompensated heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 17, 2009; 53(7): 589 - 596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Flaherty, J. J. Bax, L. De Luca, J. S. Rossi, C. J. Davidson, G. Filippatos, P. P. Liu, M. A. Konstam, B. Greenberg, M. R. Mehra, et al. Acute heart failure syndromes in patients with coronary artery disease early assessment and treatment. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 20, 2009; 53(3): 254 - 263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Hollenberg Heart Failure and Cardiac Pulmonary Edema ACCP Crit Care Med Brd Rev, January 1, 2009; 20(0): 117 - 128. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Dickey, J. C. Burnett Jr., and L. R. Potter Novel Bifunctional Natriuretic Peptides as Potential Therapeutics J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2008; 283(50): 35003 - 35009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Ronco, M. Haapio, A. A. House, N. Anavekar, and R. Bellomo Cardiorenal Syndrome J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 4, 2008; 52(19): 1527 - 1539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Elkayam, M. W. Akhter, M. Liu, P. Hatamizadeh, and M. N. Barakat Assessment of renal hemodynamic effects of nesiritide in patients with heart failure using intravascular Doppler and quantitative angiography. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img., November 1, 2008; 1(6): 765 - 771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Valchanov and J. Parameshwar Inpatient management of advanced heart failure CEACCP, October 1, 2008; 8(5): 167 - 171. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Greenberg, B. Czerska, R. M. Delgado, R. Bourge, M. R. Zile, M. Silver, M. Klapholz, E. Haeusslein, M. R. Mehra, P. Mather, et al. Effects of Continuous Aortic Flow Augmentation in Patients With Exacerbation of Heart Failure Inadequately Responsive to Medical Therapy: Results of the Multicenter Trial of the Orqis Medical Cancion System for the Enhanced Treatment of Heart Failure Unresponsive to Medical Therapy (MOMENTUM) Circulation, September 16, 2008; 118(12): 1241 - 1249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Ryan, D. A. Rosen, and J. D. Tobias Preliminary Experience With Nesiritide in Pediatric Patients Less Than 12 Months of Age J Intensive Care Med, September 1, 2008; 23(5): 321 - 328. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Mullens, Z. Abrahams, G. S. Francis, H. N. Skouri, R. C. Starling, J. B. Young, D. O. Taylor, and W.H. W. Tang Sodium nitroprusside for advanced low-output heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 15, 2008; 52(3): 200 - 207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Yancy Vasodilator therapy for decompensated heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 15, 2008; 52(3): 208 - 210. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Lisy, B. K. Huntley, D. J. McCormick, P. A. Kurlansky, and J. C. Burnett Jr Design, Synthesis, and Actions of a Novel Chimeric Natriuretic Peptide: CD-NP. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2008; 52(1): 60 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mrkobrada, H. Thiessen-Philbrook, R. B. Haynes, A. V. Iansavichus, F. Rehman, and A. X. Garg Need for Quality Improvement in Renal Systematic Reviews Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2008; 3(4): 1102 - 1114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Burnett Jr and J. Korinek The Tumultuous Journey of Nesiritide: Past, Present, and Future Circ Heart Fail, May 1, 2008; 1(1): 6 - 8. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Yancy, H. Krum, B. M. Massie, M. A. Silver, L. W. Stevenson, M. Cheng, S. S. Kim, R. Evans, and for the FUSION II Investigators Safety and Efficacy of Outpatient Nesiritide in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: Results of the Second Follow-Up Serial Infusions of Nesiritide (FUSION II) Trial Circ Heart Fail, May 1, 2008; 1(1): 9 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R J Hillock, C M Frampton, T G Yandle, R W Troughton, J G Lainchbury, and A M Richards B-type natriuretic peptide infusions in acute myocardial infarction Heart, May 1, 2008; 94(5): 617 - 622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Tanaka, T. Tsutamoto, H. Sakai, K. Nishiyama, M. Fujii, T. Yamamoto, and M. Horie Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on adiponectin in patients with heart failure Eur J Heart Fail, April 1, 2008; 10(4): 360 - 366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. S. Pang, J. G.F. Cleland, J. R. Teerlink, S. P. Collins, C. J. Lindsell, G. Sopko, W. F. Peacock, G. C. Fonarow, A. Z. Aldeen, J. D. Kirk, et al. A proposal to standardize dyspnoea measurement in clinical trials of acute heart failure syndromes: the need for a uniform approach Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2008; 29(6): 816 - 824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Herget-Rosenthal, F. Saner, and L. S. Chawla Approach to Hemodynamic Shock and Vasopressors Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2008; 3(2): 546 - 553. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J DiDomenico, A. Perez, H. M Schumann, D. R Fontana, G. T Kondos, and G. T Schumock Impact of Treatment Guidelines on Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Ann. Pharmacother., March 1, 2008; 42(3): 327 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kazory and E. A. Ross Contemporary Trends in the Pharmacological and Extracorporeal Management of Heart Failure: A Nephrologic Perspective Circulation, February 19, 2008; 117(7): 975 - 983. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. De Luca, A. Mebazaa, G. Filippatos, J. T. Parissis, M. Bohm, A. A. Voors, M. Nieminen, F. Zannad, A. Rhodes, A. El-Banayosy, et al. Overview of emerging pharmacologic agents for acute heart failure syndromes Eur J Heart Fail, February 1, 2008; 10(2): 201 - 213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Mullens, Z. Abrahams, H. N. Skouri, G. S. Francis, D. O. Taylor, R. C. Starling, E. Paganini, and W.H. W. Tang Elevated Intra-Abdominal Pressure in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Potential Contributor to Worsening Renal Function? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 22, 2008; 51(3): 300 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. I. Iglesias, L. DePalma, D. Hom, M. Antoniotti, S. Ayoub, and J. S. Levine Predictors of mortality in adult patients with congestive heart failure receiving nesiritide Retrospective analysis showing a potential adverse interaction between neseritide and acute renal dysfunction Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2008; 23(1): 144 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. V. McMurray, J. R. Teerlink, G. Cotter, R. C. Bourge, J. G. F. Cleland, G. Jondeau, H. Krum, M. Metra, C. M. O'Connor, J. D. Parker, et al. Effects of Tezosentan on Symptoms and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Heart Failure: The VERITAS Randomized Controlled Trials JAMA, November 7, 2007; 298(17): 2009 - 2019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Silver and C. W. Yancy Using Homeostatic Peptides in Decompensated Heart Failure: A Reasonable Paradigm But a Flawed Practice? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 6, 2007; 50(19): 1841 - 1843. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Witteles, D. Kao, D. Christopherson, K. Matsuda, R. H. Vagelos, D. Schreiber, and M. B. Fowler Impact of Nesiritide on Renal Function in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Pre-Existing Renal Dysfunction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 6, 2007; 50(19): 1835 - 1840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Arora, K. Clarke, V. Srinivasan, and A. Gradman Effect of nesiritide on renal function in patients admitted for decompensated heart failure QJM, November 1, 2007; 100(11): 699 - 706. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. L. Martin, T. Supaporn, H. H. Chen, S. M. Sandberg, Y. Matsuda, M. Jougasaki, and J. C. Burnett Jr. Distinct roles for renal particulate and soluble guanylyl cyclases in preserving renal function in experimental acute heart failure Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): R1580 - R1585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. R. Schwarz, S. Najam, R. Akel, N. Sulimanjee, S. Bionat, and S. Rosanio Intermittent Outpatient Nesiritide Infusion Reduces Hospital Admissions in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, September 1, 2007; 12(3): 232 - 236. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. G.F. Cleland, A. P. Coletta, and A. L. Clark Clinical trials update from the American College of Cardiology 2007: ALPHA, EVEREST, FUSION II, VALIDD, PARR-2, REMODEL, SPICE, COURAGE, COACH, REMADHE, pro-BNP for the evaluation of dyspnoea and THIS-diet Eur J Heart Fail, June 1, 2007; 9(6-7): 740 - 745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Vats, R. J DiDomenico, J. E Wojtynek, J. C Theobald, and G. T Schumock Hospital Policies for Treatment of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Ann. Pharmacother., April 1, 2007; 41(4): 562 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L Chow, J. T Peng, M. P Okamoto, and J T. Heywood Effect of Nesiritide Infusion Duration on Renal Function in Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure Patients Ann. Pharmacother., April 1, 2007; 41(4): 556 - 561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Konstam, M. Gheorghiade, J. C. Burnett Jr, L. Grinfeld, A. P. Maggioni, K. Swedberg, J. E. Udelson, F. Zannad, T. Cook, J. Ouyang, et al. Effects of Oral Tolvaptan in Patients Hospitalized for Worsening Heart Failure: The EVEREST Outcome Trial JAMA, March 28, 2007; 297(12): 1319 - 1331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gheorghiade, M. A. Konstam, J. C. Burnett Jr, L. Grinfeld, A. P. Maggioni, K. Swedberg, J. E. Udelson, F. Zannad, T. Cook, J. Ouyang, et al. Short-term Clinical Effects of Tolvaptan, an Oral Vasopressin Antagonist, in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure: The EVEREST Clinical Status Trials JAMA, March 28, 2007; 297(12): 1332 - 1343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. R. Forfia, M. Lee, R. S. Tunin, M. Mahmud, H. C. Champion, and D. A. Kass Acute Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibition Mimics Hemodynamic Effects of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Potentiates B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Effects in Failing But Not Normal Canine Heart J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 13, 2007; 49(10): 1079 - 1088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Kesselheim and M. M. Mello Confidentiality Laws And Secrecy In Medical Research: Improving Public Access To Data On Drug Safety Health Aff., March 1, 2007; 26(2): 483 - 491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Belenkie Nesiritide Administration in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 13, 2007; 49(6): 727 - 728. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Mentzer Jr, M. C. Oz, R. N. Sladen, A. H. Graeve, R. F. Hebeler Jr, J. M. Luber Jr, N. G. Smedira, and on behalf of the NAPA Investigators Effects of Perioperative Nesiritide in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: The NAPA Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 13, 2007; 49(6): 716 - 726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Kristeller, H. Papps, and R. F. Stahl Risk of worsening renal function with nesiritide following cardiac surgery Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., December 1, 2006; 63(23): 2351 - 2353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. deGoma, R. H. Vagelos, M. B. Fowler, and E. A. Ashley Emerging Therapies for the Management of Decompensated Heart Failure: From Bench to Bedside J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 28, 2006; (2006) j.jacc.2006.08.039v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Hauptman, M. A. Schnitzler, J. Swindle, and T. E. Burroughs Use of nesiritide before and after publications suggesting drug-related risks in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. JAMA, October 18, 2006; 296(15): 1877 - 1884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. H. Chen, B. K. Huntley, J. A. Schirger, A. Cataliotti, and J. C. Burnett Jr Maximizing the Renal Cyclic 3'-5'-Guanosine Monophosphate System with Type V Phosphodiesterase Inhibition and Exogenous Natriuretic Peptide: A Novel Strategy to Improve Renal Function in Experimental Overt Heart Failure J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2006; 17(10): 2742 - 2747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R. Arora Nesiritide: trials and tribulations. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, September 1, 2006; 11(3): 165 - 169. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Groban and J. Butterworth Perioperative management of chronic heart failure. Anesth. Analg., September 1, 2006; 103(3): 557 - 575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. H. Chen and J. C. Burnett Jr Clinical application of the natriuretic peptides in heart failure Eur. Heart J. Suppl., September 1, 2006; 8(suppl_E): E18 - E25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. S. Kesselheim, M. A. Fischer, and J. Avorn The rise and fall of Natrecor for congestive heart failure: implications for drug policy. Health Aff., July 1, 2006; 25(4): 1095 - 1102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. G. Riter, M. M. Redfield, J. C. Burnett, and H. H. Chen Nonhypotensive Low-Dose Nesiritide Has Differential Renal Effects Compared With Standard-Dose Nesiritide in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Renal Dysfunction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 6, 2006; 47(11): 2334 - 2335. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. L. Smith, J. H. Lichtman, M. B. Bracken, M. G. Shlipak, C. O. Phillips, P. DiCapua, and H. M. Krumholz Renal Impairment and Outcomes in Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 16, 2006; 47(10): 1987 - 1996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. B. Milbrandt, A. Ishizaka, and D. C. Angus Update in critical care 2005. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2006; 173(8): 833 - 841. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Fontana Nesiritide: The Latest Drug for Treating Heart Failure Crit. Care Nurse, February 1, 2006; 26(1): 39 - 47. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. R. Potter, S. Abbey-Hosch, and D. M. Dickey Natriuretic Peptides, Their Receptors, and Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Dependent Signaling Functions Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2006; 27(1): 47 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Nishikimi, N. Maeda, and H. Matsuoka The role of natriuretic peptides in cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2006; 69(2): 318 - 328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Hoffman, N. D. Shah, L. C. Vermeulen, G. T. Schumock, P. Grim, R. J. Hunkler, and K. M. Hontz Projecting future drug expenditures--2006 Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., January 15, 2006; 63(2): 123 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gheorghiade, F. Zannad, G. Sopko, L. Klein, I. L. Pina, M. A. Konstam, B. M. Massie, E. Roland, S. Targum, S. P. Collins, et al. Acute Heart Failure Syndromes: Current State and Framework for Future Research Circulation, December 20, 2005; 112(25): 3958 - 3968. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Bauer and M. A. Randazzo Nesiritide for outpatient treatment of heart failure Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., December 15, 2005; 62(24): 2639 - 2642. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.H. W. Tang and G. S. Francis The Year in Heart Failure J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 6, 2005; 46(11): 2125 - 2133. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Sackner-Bernstein, K. D. Aaronson, G. Schreiner, P. A. April, and E. J. Topol Nesiritide--not verified. N. Engl. J. Med., October 6, 2005; 353(14): 1525 - 1527. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. M. Krumholz The Year in Epidemiology, Health Services, and Outcomes Research J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 4, 2005; 46(7): 1362 - 1370. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Sackner-Bernstein and K. Aaronson Risk of Death With Nesiritide--Reply JAMA, August 24, 2005; 294(8): 898 - 898. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Controversies in cardiology Circulation, August 23, 2005; 112(8): iv - iv. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. F. Deschepper The Many Possible Benefits of Natriuretic Peptides After Myocardial Infarction Hypertension, August 1, 2005; 46(2): 271 - 272. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Topol Nesiritide -- Not Verified N. Engl. J. Med., July 14, 2005; 353(2): 113 - 116. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Nesiritide Is Associated with Worsening Renal Function Journal Watch Emergency Medicine, May 24, 2005; 2005(524): 1 - 1. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Does Nesiritide Increase Risks for Renal Failure and Death? Journal Watch Cardiology, May 6, 2005; 2005(506): 2 - 2. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Spurgeon Drug for heart failure increases mortality BMJ, April 30, 2005; 330(7498): 981 - 981. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Sackner-Bernstein, M. Kowalski, M. Fox, and K. Aaronson Short-term Risk of Death After Treatment With Nesiritide for Decompensated Heart Failure: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials JAMA, April 20, 2005; 293(15): 1900 - 1905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Elkayam, D. J. Wang, T. C. Dowling, D. Meadows, T. Ayala, J. Marshall, S. Minshall, N. Greenberg, E. Thattassery, M. L. Fisher, et al. Letter Regarding Article by Wang et al, "Nesiritide Does Not Improve Renal Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Worsening Serum Creatinine" * Response Circulation, April 12, 2005; 111(14): e182 - e183. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Teerlink and B. M. Massie Nesiritide and Worsening of Renal Function: The Emperor's New Clothes? Circulation, March 29, 2005; 111(12): 1459 - 1461. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||