(Circulation. 1995;92:3337-3349.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization
Beyond Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP
From the Vascular Biology Unit (R.A.C.), Vascular Medicine Section, Robert Dawson Evans Department of Clinical Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass; and Institut de Recherche Servier (P.M.V.), Suresnes, France.
Correspondence to Dr Richard A. Cohen, Vascular Biology Unit, Vascular Medicine Section, Robert Dawson Evans Department of Clinical Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
Key Words: endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization • nitric oxide • vascular smooth muscle • ion channels • membrane potential
 |
Introduction |
|---|
Blood flow and blood pressure are determined by an integration of reflex, humoral, and local vascular control mechanisms. Knowledge of these mechanisms has mushroomed over the past 15 years, particularly in the area of local endothelium-dependent vasomotor control. This has stemmed from the pioneering report in 1980 by Robert Furchgott1 demonstrating that the endothelium releases a vasodilator substance in response to acetylcholine. This concept has been expanded with knowledge that the endothelium releases a variety of relaxing and contracting factors that regulate the underlying smooth muscle.2 The most widely known endothelium-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide, is released from endothelial cells in response to shear stress or stimulation of different receptors for a variety of neurohumoral mediators on the endothelial cell surface.3 The increase in endothelial cell calcium initiated by these stimuli increases the activity of a constitutively expressed enzyme, nitric oxide synthase, which converts L-arginine to nitric oxide and citrulline.4 5 6 7 Nitric oxide thus formed diffuses to and inhibits contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle.3 The physiological significance of the production of endothelial nitric oxide is suggested by the vasoconstriction observed in most vascular beds8 9 10 11 12 13 and the increase in systemic arterial blood pressure,14 15 16 which occurs on infusion of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase. This observation further implies that under normal conditions, endothelial cells are locally liberating nitric oxide which effectively inhibits vasoconstriction arising by other mechanisms. Thus, normal vascular homeostasis depends in the periphery on a balance between neurally and humorally mediated vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle, mesentery, and the
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  F. Krotz, N. Hellwig, M. A. Burkle, S. Lehrer, T. Riexinger, H. Mannell, H.-Y. Sohn, V. Klauss, and U. Pohl A sulfaphenazole-sensitive EDHF opposes platelet-endothelium interactions in vitro and in the hamster microcirculation in vivo Cardiovasc Res, October 4, 2009; (2009) cvp301v2. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Chawengsub, K. M. Gauthier, and W. B. Campbell Role of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase metabolites in the regulation of vascular tone Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2009; 297(2): H495 - H507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. H. Walpoth, M. Schmid, A. Schwab, A. Bosshard, F. Eckstein, T. Carrel, and O. M. Hess Vascular adaptation of the internal thoracic artery graft early and late after bypass surgery. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 2008; 136(4): 876 - 883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Lopez, R. Mendoza, G. Cleva Villanueva, G. Martinez, E. F. Castillo, and C. Castillo Participation of K+ Channels in the Endothelium-Dependent and Endothelium-Independent Components of the Relaxant Effect of Rosuvastatin in Rat Aortic Rings Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, September 1, 2008; 13(3): 207 - 213. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Matsumoto, E. Noguchi, K. Ishida, T. Kobayashi, N. Yamada, and K. Kamata Metformin normalizes endothelial function by suppressing vasoconstrictor prostanoids in mesenteric arteries from OLETF rats, a model of type 2 diabetes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): H1165 - H1176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. T. Aggarwal, K. M. Gauthier, and W. B. Campbell 15-Lipoxygenase metabolites contribute to age-related reduction in acetylcholine-induced hypotension in rabbits Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): H89 - H96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. J. Lee, D. G. Kang, J. S. Kim, and H. S. Lee Effect of Buddleja officinalis on High-Glucose-Induced Vascular Inflammation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Experimental Biology and Medicine, June 1, 2008; 233(6): 694 - 700. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Chawengsub, N. T. Aggarwal, K. Nithipatikom, K. M. Gauthier, S. Anjaiah, B. D. Hammock, J. R. Falck, and W. B. Campbell Identification of 15-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid as a vasoactive 15-lipoxygenase metabolite in rabbit aorta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): H1348 - H1356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Gauthier, Y. Chawengsub, D. H. Goldman, R. E. Conrow, S. Anjaiah, J. R. Falck, and W. B. Campbell 11(R),12(S),15(S)-trihydroxyeicosa-5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-trienoic acid: an endothelium-derived 15-lipoxygenase metabolite that relaxes rabbit aorta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): H1467 - H1472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Rose and W. R. Giles Natriuretic peptide C receptor signalling in the heart and vasculature J. Physiol., January 15, 2008; 586(2): 353 - 366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Matsumoto, M. Kakami, E. Noguchi, T. Kobayashi, and K. Kamata Imbalance between endothelium-derived relaxing and contracting factors in mesenteric arteries from aged OLETF rats, a model of Type 2 diabetes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): H1480 - H1490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-G. Jiang, Y.-G. Ning, C. Chen, D. Ma, Z.-J. Liu, S. Yang, J. Zhou, X. Xiao, X. A. Zhang, M. L. Edin, et al. Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase Promotes Human Cancer Metastasis Cancer Res., July 15, 2007; 67(14): 6665 - 6674. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. X. Zhang, K. M. Gauthier, Y. Chawengsub, and W. B. Campbell ACh-induced relaxations of rabbit small mesenteric arteries: role of arachidonic acid metabolites and K+ Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H152 - H159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Barac, U. Campia, and J. A. Panza Methods for Evaluating Endothelial Function in Humans Hypertension, April 1, 2007; 49(4): 748 - 760. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. B. Campbell and J. R. Falck Arachidonic Acid Metabolites as Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factors Hypertension, March 1, 2007; 49(3): 590 - 596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. P. Kunert, I. Drenjancevic-Peric, M. R. Dwinell, J. H. Lombard, A. W. Cowley Jr., A. S. Greene, A. E. Kwitek, and H. J. Jacob Consomic strategies to localize genomic regions related to vascular reactivity in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat Physiol Genomics, September 14, 2006; 26(3): 218 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-Y. Dong, M. Wu, A. P.C. Yim, and G.-W. He Effect of hypoxia-reoxygenation on endothelial function in porcine cardiac microveins. Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2006; 81(5): 1708 - 1714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-Y. Dong, M. Wu, A. P.C. Yim, and G.-W. He Hypoxia-Reoxygenation, St. Thomas Cardioplegic Solution, and Nicorandil on Endothelium-derived Hyperpolarizing Factor in Coronary Microarteries Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2005; 80(5): 1803 - 1811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Matsumoto, T. Kobayashi, K. Wakabayashi, and K. Kamata Cilostazol improves endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-type relaxation in mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): H1933 - H1940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. P. Johnson and K. L. Gould Clinical Evaluation of a New Concept: Resting Myocardial Perfusion Heterogeneity Quantified by Markovian Analysis of PET Identifies Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Early Atherosclerosis in 1,034 Subjects J. Nucl. Med., September 1, 2005; 46(9): 1427 - 1437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Funk, R. Freitag, G. Endler, W. Lalouschek, W. Lang, C. Mannhalter, and R. Sunder-Plassmann Influence of Cytochrome P450 2C9*2 and 2C9*3 Variants on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-sectional Case-Control Study Clin. Chem., September 1, 2005; 51(9): 1716 - 1718. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Gauthier, E. M. Edwards, J. R. Falck, D. S. Reddy, and W. B. Campbell 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Represents a Transferable Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factor in Bovine Coronary Arteries Hypertension, April 1, 2005; 45(4): 666 - 671. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Cohen The Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Puzzle: A Mechanism Without a Mediator? Circulation, February 15, 2005; 111(6): 724 - 727. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. X. Zhang, K. M. Gauthier, Y. Chawengsub, B. B. Holmes, and W. B. Campbell Cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-dependent relaxation to arachidonic acid in rabbit small mesenteric arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): H302 - H309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Funk, G. Endler, R. Freitag, J. Wojta, K. Huber, C. Mannhalter, and R. Sunder-Plassmann CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 Alleles Confer a Lower Risk for Myocardial Infarction Clin. Chem., December 1, 2004; 50(12): 2395 - 2398. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kansui, K. Fujii, K. Nakamura, K. Goto, H. Oniki, I. Abe, Y. Shibata, and M. Iida Angiotensin II receptor blockade corrects altered expression of gap junctions in vascular endothelial cells from hypertensive rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2004; 287(1): H216 - H224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Sandow, K. Goto, N. M. Rummery, and C. E. Hill Developmental changes in myoendothelial gap junction mediated vasodilator activity in the rat saphenous artery J. Physiol., May 1, 2004; 556(3): 875 - 886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Liu, S. Mather, Y. Huang, C. J. Garland, and X. Yao Extracellular ATP facilitates flow-induced vasodilatation in rat small mesenteric arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): H1688 - H1695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Gauthier, N. Spitzbarth, E. M. Edwards, and W. B. Campbell Apamin-Sensitive K+ Currents Mediate Arachidonic Acid-Induced Relaxations of Rabbit Aorta Hypertension, February 1, 2004; 43(2): 413 - 419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. B. Campbell, N. Spitzbarth, K. M. Gauthier, and S. L. Pfister 11,12,15-Trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid mediates ACh-induced relaxations in rabbit aorta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2648 - H2656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Wang, L. Lin, J. Jiang, Y. Wang, Z. Y. Lu, J. A. Bradbury, F. B. Lih, D. W. Wang, and D. C. Zeldin Up-Regulation of Endothelial Nitric-Oxide Synthase by Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Involves Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Protein Kinase C Signaling Pathways J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2003; 307(2): 753 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. T. Udosen, H. Jiang, H. C. Hercule, and A. O. Oyekan Nitric oxide-epoxygenase interactions and arachidonate-induced dilation of rat renal microvessels Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): H2054 - H2063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Inokuchi, Y. Hirooka, H. Shimokawa, K. Sakai, T. Kishi, K. Ito, Y. Kimura, and A. Takeshita Role of Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor in Human Forearm Circulation Hypertension, November 1, 2003; 42(5): 919 - 924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Zou, Q. Yang, A. P. C. Yim, and G.-W. He Impaired endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated relaxation in porcine pulmonary microarteries after cold storage with Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., July 1, 2003; 126(1): 208 - 215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Koobi, J. Kalliovalkama, P. Jolma, J. Rysa, H. Ruskoaho, O. Vuolteenaho, M. Kahonen, I. Tikkanen, M. Fan, P. Ylitalo, et al. AT1 Receptor Blockade Improves Vasorelaxation in Experimental Renal Failure Hypertension, June 1, 2003; 41(6): 1364 - 1371. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Taddei, A. Virdis, L. Ghiadoni, D. Versari, G. Salvetti, A. Magagna, and A. Salvetti Calcium Antagonist Treatment by Lercanidipine Prevents Hyperpolarization in Essential Hypertension Hypertension, April 1, 2003; 41(4): 950 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Gschwend, R. H. Henning, D. de Zeeuw, and H. Buikema Coronary Myogenic Constriction Antagonizes EDHF-Mediated Dilation: Role of KCa Channels Hypertension, April 1, 2003; 41(4): 912 - 918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-J. Chen, H. Jiang, and J. Quilley The Nitric Oxide- and Prostaglandin-Independent Component of the Renal Vasodilator Effect of Thimerosal Is Mediated by Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 2003; 304(3): 1292 - 1298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H.-Y. Kwan, P.-C. Leung, Y. Huang, and X. Yao Depletion of Intracellular Ca2+ Stores Sensitizes the Flow-Induced Ca2+ Influx in Rat Endothelial Cells Circ. Res., February 21, 2003; 92(3): 286 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Falck, U. M. Krishna, Y. K. Reddy, P. S. Kumar, K. M. Reddy, S. B. Hittner, C. Deeter, K. K. Sharma, K. M. Gauthier, and W. B. Campbell Comparison of vasodilatory properties of 14,15-EET analogs: structural requirements for dilation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): H337 - H349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Aschner, T. K. Smith, N. Kovacs, J. M. B. Pinheiro, and M. Fuloria Mechanisms of bradykinin-mediated dilation in newborn piglet pulmonary conducting and resistance vessels Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): L373 - L382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Zhao and R. Wang H2S-induced vasorelaxation and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H474 - H480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Mechoulam, M. Spatz, and E. Shohami Endocannabinoids and Neuroprotection Sci. Signal., April 23, 2002; 2002(129): re5 - re5. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Schildmeyer and R. M. Bryan Jr. Effect of NO on EDHF response in rat middle cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2002; 282(2): H734 - H738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Roman P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid in the Control of Cardiovascular Function Physiol Rev, January 1, 2002; 82(1): 131 - 185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Oltman, N. L. Kane, J. L. Fudge, N. L. Weintraub, and K. C. Dellsperger Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in coronary microcirculation: responses to arachidonic acid Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2001; 281(4): H1553 - H1560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Gilbert, J. Tremblay, and E. Thorin Endothelium-Derived Endothelin-1 Reduces Cerebral Artery Sensitivity to Nitric Oxide by a Protein Kinase C-Independent Pathway Stroke, October 1, 2001; 32(10): 2351 - 2355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.-W. He and Z.-G. Liu Comparison of Nitric Oxide Release and Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Mediated Hyperpolarization Between Human Radial and Internal Mammary Arteries Circulation, September 18, 2001; 104 (2009): I-344 - I-349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.J Boels, J Deutsch, B Gao, and S.G Haworth Perinatal development influences mechanisms of bradykinin-induced relaxations in pulmonary resistance and conduit arteries differently Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2001; 51(1): 140 - 150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L.-N. Zhang, L.-F. Zhang, and J. Ma Simulated microgravity enhances vasoconstrictor responsiveness of rat basilar artery J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2001; 90(6): 2296 - 2305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. B. Campbell and D. R. Harder Prologue: EDHF-what is it? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): H2413 - H2416. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Rastaldo, N. Paolocci, A. Chiribiri, C. Penna, D. Gattullo, and P. Pagliaro Cytochrome P-450 metabolite of arachidonic acid mediates bradykinin-induced negative inotropic effect Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): H2823 - H2832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Vanheel and J. Van de Voorde Regional Differences in Anandamide- and Methanandamide-Induced Membrane Potential Changes in Rat Mesenteric Arteries J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 13, 2001; 296(2): 322 - 328. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Laughlin, J. S. Pollock, J. F. Amann, M. L. Hollis, C. R. Woodman, and E. M. Price Training induces nonuniform increases in eNOS content along the coronary arterial tree J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2001; 90(2): 501 - 510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Zink, C. L. Oltman, T. Lu, P. V. G. Katakam, T. L. Kaduce, H.-C. Lee, K. C. Dellsperger, A. A. Spector, P. R. Myers, and N. L. Weintraub 12-Lipoxygenase in porcine coronary microcirculation: implications for coronary vasoregulation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): H693 - H704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Tomioka, Y. Hattori, M. Fukao, H. Watanabe, Y. Akaishi, A. Sato, T. Q. Kim, I. Sakuma, A. Kitabatake, and M. Kanno Role of endothelial Ni2+-sensitive Ca2+ entry pathway in regulation of EDHF in porcine coronary artery Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): H730 - H737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. G. Sobey Potassium Channel Function in Vascular Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2001; 21(1): 28 - 38. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Hanke and W. B. Campbell Endothelial cell nitric oxide inhibits aldosterone synthesis in zona glomerulosa cells: modulation by oxygen Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2000; 279(4): E846 - E854. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. Jeremy and H. McCarron Effect of hypercholesterolemia on Ca2+-dependent K+ channel-mediated vasodilatation in vivo Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2000; 279(4): H1600 - H1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Goto, K. Fujii, U. Onaka, I. Abe, and M. Fujishima Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertension Hypertension, October 1, 2000; 36(4): 575 - 580. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Goto, K. Fujii, U. Onaka, I. Abe, and M. Fujishima Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Prevents Age-Related Endothelial Dysfunction Hypertension, October 1, 2000; 36(4): 581 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-Z. Yu, D. X. Zhang, A.-P. Zou, W. B. Campbell, and P.-L. Li Nitric oxide inhibits Ca2+ mobilization through cADP-ribose signaling in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): H873 - H881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Jolma, J. Kalliovalkama, J.-P. Tolvanen, P. Koobi, M. Kahonen, N. Hutri-Kahonen, X. Wu, and I. Porsti High-calcium diet enhances vasorelaxation in nitric oxide-deficient hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): H1036 - H1043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Chen, R. M. McCarron, Y. Ohara, J. Bembry, N. Azzam, F. A. Lenz, E. Shohami, R. Mechoulam, and M. Spatz Human Brain Capillary Endothelium : 2-Arachidonoglycerol (Endocannabinoid) Interacts With Endothelin-1 Circ. Res., August 18, 2000; 87(4): 323 - 327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. P. Brandes, F.-H. Schmitz-Winnenthal, M. Feletou, A. Godecke, P. L. Huang, P. M. Vanhoutte, I. Fleming, and R. Busse An endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor distinct from NO and prostacyclin is a major endothelium-dependent vasodilator in resistance vessels of wild-type and endothelial NO synthase knockout mice PNAS, August 15, 2000; 97(17): 9747 - 9752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Nishikawa, D. W. Stepp, and W. M. Chilian Nitric oxide exerts feedback inhibition on EDHF-induced coronary arteriolar dilation in vivo Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2000; 279(2): H459 - H465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. H. Honing, P. Smits, P. J. Morrison, and T. J. Rabelink Bradykinin-Induced Vasodilation of Human Forearm Resistance Vessels Is Primarily Mediated by Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization Hypertension, June 1, 2000; 35(6): 1314 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. YAO, H. Y. KWAN, F. L. CHAN, N. W. K. CHAN, and Y. HUANG A protein kinase G-sensitive channel mediates flow-induced Ca2+ entry into vascular endothelial cells FASEB J, May 1, 2000; 14(7): 932 - 938. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Schachinger, M. B. Britten, and A. M. Zeiher Prognostic Impact of Coronary Vasodilator Dysfunction on Adverse Long-Term Outcome of Coronary Heart Disease Circulation, April 25, 2000; 101(16): 1899 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. A. C. le Noble, K. Ruijtenbeek, S. Gommers, J. G. R. de Mey, and C. E. Blanco Contractile and relaxing reactivity in carotid and femoral arteries of chicken embryos Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2000; 278(4): H1261 - H1268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. P. Perrault, F. Mahlberg, C. Breugnot, J.-P. Bidouard, N. Villeneuve, J.-P. Vilaine, and P. M. Vanhoutte Hypercholesterolemia Increases Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction, Lipid Content, and Accelerated Atherosclerosis After Heart Transplantation Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, March 1, 2000; 20(3): 728 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Hecker Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor--Fact or Fiction? Physiology, February 1, 2000; 15(1): 1 - 5. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Blackman, J. A. Morris-Thurgood, J. J. Atherton, G. R. Ellis, R. A. Anderson, J. R. Cockcroft, and M. P. Frenneaux Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Contributes to the Regulation of Venous Tone in Humans Circulation, January 18, 2000; 101(2): 165 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Goto, K. Fujii, I. Abe, and M. Fujishima Sympathetic Control of Arterial Membrane Potential by ATP-Sensitive K+-Channels Hypertension, January 1, 2000; 35(1): 379 - 384. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Alonso-Galicia, A. G. Hudetz, H. Shen, D. R. Harder, R. J. Roman, and H. A. Kontos Contribution of 20-HETE to Vasodilator Actions of Nitric Oxide in the Cerebral Microcirculation • Editorial Comment Stroke, December 1, 1999; 30(12): 2727 - 2734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Shimizu and R. J. Paul Hypoxia and Alkalinization Inhibit Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide But Not Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Responses in Porcine Coronary Artery J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., October 1, 1999; 291(1): 335 - 344. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kalliovalkama, P. Jolma, J.-P. Tolvanen, M. Kahonen, N. Hutri-Kahonen, H. Saha, S. Tuorila, E. Moilanen, and I. Porsti Potassium channel-mediated vasorelaxation is impaired in experimental renal failure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 1999; 277(4): H1622 - H1629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Taddei, L. Ghiadoni, A. Virdis, S. Buralli, and A. Salvetti Vasodilation to Bradykinin Is Mediated by an Ouabain-Sensitive Pathway as a Compensatory Mechanism for Impaired Nitric Oxide Availability in Essential Hypertensive Patients Circulation, September 28, 1999; 100(13): 1400 - 1405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. You, T. D. Johnson, S. P. Marrelli, and R. M. Bryan Jr. Functional heterogeneity of endothelial P2 purinoceptors in the cerebrovascular tree of the rat Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 1999; 277(3): H893 - H900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Arvola, X. Wu, M. Kahonen, H. Makynen, A. Riutta, I. Mucha, T. Solakivi, H. Kainulainen, and I. Porsti Exercise enhances vasorelaxation in experimental obesity associated hypertension Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1999; 43(4): 992 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J Duffy, G. New, R. W Harper, and I. T Meredith Metabolic vasodilation in the human forearm is preserved in hypercholesterolemia despite impairment of endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 1999; 43(3): 721 - 730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. P Perrault, J.-P. Bidouard, P. Janiak, N. Villeneuve, P. Bruneval, J.-P. Vilaine, and P. M Vanhoutte Impairment of G-protein-mediated signal transduction in the porcine coronary endothelium during rejection after heart transplantation Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 1999; 43(2): 457 - 470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.-D. Ge and G.-W. He ALTERED ENDOTHELIUM-DERIVED HYPERPOLARIZING FACTOR-MEDIATEDENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN CORONARY MICROARTERIES BY ST THOMAS' HOSPITAL SOLUTION J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., July 1, 1999; 118(1): 173 - 180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kalliovalkama, P. Jolma, J.-P. Tolvanen, M. Kahonen, N. Hutri-Kahonen, X. Wu, P. Holm, and I. Porsti Arterial function in nitric oxide-deficient hypertension: influence of long-term angiotensin II receptor antagonism Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 1999; 42(3): 773 - 782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. G. Mayhan VEGF increases permeability of the blood-brain barrier via a nitric oxide synthase/cGMP-dependent pathway Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): C1148 - C1153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. You, T. D. Johnson, S. P. Marrelli, J.-V. Mombouli, R. M. Bryan Jr, and F. M. Faraci P2u Receptor–Mediated Release of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor/Nitric Oxide and Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor From Cerebrovascular Endothelium in Rats • Editorial Comment Stroke, May 1, 1999; 30(5): 1125 - 1133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Simonsen, R. M Wadsworth, N. H. Buus, and M. J Mulvany In vitro simultaneous measurements of relaxation and nitric oxide concentration in rat superior mesenteric artery J. Physiol., April 1, 1999; 516(1): 271 - 282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Thollon, J. P. Bidouard, C. Cambarrat, I. Delescluse, N. Villeneuve, P. M. Vanhoutte, and J. P. Vilaine Alteration of Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarizations in Porcine Coronary Arteries With Regenerated Endothelium Circ. Res., March 5, 1999; 84(4): 371 - 377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. B. Campbell and D. R. Harder Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factors and Vascular Cytochrome P450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid in the Regulation of Tone Circ. Res., March 5, 1999; 84(4): 484 - 488. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kahonen, K. Karjala, N. Hutri-Kahonen, X. Wu, P. Jaatinen, P. Riihioja, A. Hervonen, and I. Porsti Influence of chronic ethanol consumption on arterial tone in young and aged rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 1999; 276(2): H464 - H471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Duffy, G. New, B. T. Tran, R. W. Harper, and I. T. Meredith Relative contribution of vasodilator prostanoids and NO to metabolic vasodilation in the human forearm Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 1999; 276(2): H663 - H670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Yao, P.-S. Leung, H.-Y. Kwan, T.-P. Wong, and M.-W. Fong Rod-type cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel is expressed in vascular endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 1999; 41(1): 282 - 290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Su, F. Barbe, R. Houel, T. T. Guyene, B. Crozatier, and L. Hittinger Preserved Vasodilator Effect of Bradykinin in Dogs With Heart Failure Circulation, December 22, 1998; 98(25): 2911 - 2918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Fang, S. A. Moore, L. L. Stoll, G. Rich, T. L. Kaduce, N. L. Weintraub, and A. A. Spector 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid inhibits prostaglandin E2 production in vascular smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 1998; 275(6): H2113 - H2121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-W. Sun, M. Alonso-Galicia, M. R. Taheri, J. R. Falck, D. R. Harder, and R. J. Roman Nitric Oxide-20–Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid Interaction in the Regulation of K+ Channel Activity and Vascular Tone in Renal Arterioles Circ. Res., November 30, 1998; 83(11): 1069 - 1079. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Oltman, N. L. Weintraub, M. VanRollins, and K. C. Dellsperger Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids and Dihydroxyeicosatrienoic Acids Are Potent Vasodilators in the Canine Coronary Microcirculation Circ. Res., November 2, 1998; 83(9): 932 - 939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. King, V. E. Laubach, R. C. Kanithanon, A. M. Kron, P. E. Parrino, K. S. Shockey, C. G. Tribble, and I. L. Kron Preservation with 8-bromo-cyclic GMP improves pulmonary function after prolonged ischemia Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 1998; 66(5): 1732 - 1738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Wu, J.-P. Tolvanen, N. Hutri-Kahonen, M. Kahonen, H. Makynen, R. Korpela, H. Ruskoaho, K. Karjala, and I. Porsti Comparison of the effects of supplementation with whey mineral and potassium on arterial tone in experimental hypertension Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 1998; 40(2): 364 - 374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Hardy, D. Abran, X. Hou, I. Lahaie, K. G. Peri, P. Asselin, D. R. Varma, and S. Chemtob A Major Role for Prostacyclin in Nitric Oxide–Induced Ocular Vasorelaxation in the Piglet Circ. Res., October 5, 1998; 83(7): 721 - 729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.-W. He Potassium-channel opener in cardioplegia may restore coronary endothelial function Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 1998; 66(4): 1318 - 1322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|