This Article Free upon publication Full Text Full Text (PDF) Worksheets Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Search for Related Content

(Circulation. 2005;112:III-73 – III-90.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.

Section 1

Part 6: Pediatric Basic and Advanced Life Support

From the 2005 International Consensus Conference on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, hosted by the American Heart Association in Dallas, Texas, January 23–30, 2005.

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Introduction

 
The ILCOR Pediatric Task Force included expert reviewers from Africa, Asia, Australia, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. These experts reviewed 45 topics related to pediatric resuscitation. Topics were selected from previous recommendations (the ECC Guidelines 2000^1,2), emerging science, and newly identified issues. Some well-established topics without controversies or new evidence (eg, adenosine for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia [SVT]) are not included in this document.

Evidence-based worksheets on some topics were prepared and discussed but are not included here because there was insufficient evidence (eg, fibrinolytics in cardiac arrest,^W13 securing the endotracheal tube in children,^W1 use of impedance threshold device in children,^W2 sodium bicarbonate for prolonged resuscitation attempts^W34) or because no new evidence was found (eg, evaluation of capillary refill,^W10 ventilation before naloxone,^W18 delayed volume resuscitation in trauma,^W17 use of hypertonic saline in shock^W16).

The following is a summary of the most important changes in recommendations for pediatric resuscitation since the last ILCOR review in 2000.^1,2 The scientific evidence supporting these recommendations is summarized in this document:

• Emphasis on the quality of CPR is increased: "Push hard, push fast, minimize interruptions; allow full chest recoil, and don’t hyperventilate"

     —Recommended chest compression-ventilation ratio:

         For 1 lay rescuer and lone healthcare provider: 30:2
  

         For healthcare providers performing 2-rescuer CPR: 15:2
  

  
  

     —Either the 2- or 1-hand technique is acceptable for chest compressions in children
  

     —1 initial shock followed by immediate CPR for attempted defibrillation, instead of 3 stacked shocks
  

  
  
• Biphasic attenuated shocks with an automated external . . . [Full Text of this Article]

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. S. Braga, T. E. Dominguez, A. N. Pollock, D. Niles, A. Meyer, H. Myklebust, J. Nysaether, and V. Nadkarni Estimation of Optimal CPR Chest Compression Depth in Children by Using Computer Tomography Pediatrics, July 1, 2009; 124(1): e69 - e74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]