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From the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Vanderbilt University,
Nashville, Tenn.
Correspondence to G. Neal Kay, MD, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, 321J Tinsley Harrison Tower, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294.
Background—This report describes
the complication of pulmonary vein stenosis with
resultant severe pulmonary hypertension that developed in 2
patients after successful catheter ablation of chronic atrial
fibrillation.
Methods and Results—Three months after successful catheter
ablation of atrial fibrillation, both patients developed progressive
dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension. Both were found to have
severe stenosis of all 4 pulmonary veins near the
junction with the left atrium. Balloon dilation of the stenotic
pulmonary veins was performed in these patients, with
improvement in dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusions—The complication of pulmonary vein
stenosis is potentially life-threatening, and the application
of radiofrequency current within the pulmonary veins with
standard catheter technology should be avoided. This complication can
be treated with balloon dilation, although the long-term course is
unknown.
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Key Words: stenosis • catheter ablation • fibrillation
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