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(Circulation. 1998;97:91-98.)
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.

Basic Science Reports

Functional Changes in Aging Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Kayoko Tanji-Matsuba, MSc; Stephan F. van Eeden, MD, PhD; Yuji Saito, MD; Mitsushi Okazawa, MD; Maria E. Klut, PhD; Shizu Hayashi, PhD; ; James C. Hogg, MD, PhD

From the University of British Columbia, Pulmonary Research Laboratory, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.

Correspondence to Dr Stephan F. van Eeden, UBC, Pulmonary Research Laboratory, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6. E-mail svaneeden{at}prl.pulmonary.ubc.ca

Background—Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that the expression of L-selectin on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) decreases as the cell ages in the circulation and that these older PMN have more fragmented DNA and show morphological features of apoptosis.

Methods and Results—The present study was designed to compare the functional capabilities of PMN expressing low levels of L-selectin (L-selectin^low) and the total population of PMN they were isolated from (L-selectin^mixed). The results show no difference of the baseline filamentous actin (F-actin) content between PMN expressing low and high levels of L-selectin. However, the ability of L-selectin^low PMN to assemble F-actin was impaired after stimulation by n-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) (1 nmol/L fMLP: P<.02, 10 nmol/L fMLP: P<.01). The ability of L-selectin^low PMN to change shape when stimulated (10 nmol/L fMLP) was also decreased (P<.05). Filtration studies showed no difference in baseline deformability between L-selectin^low and L-selectin^mixed leukocytes, but the L-selectin^low cells showed a decreased ability to stiffen after fMLP stimulation (P<.05). L-selectin^low cells demonstrated a decreased ability to migrate toward a chemoattractant (1, 3, and 10 nmol/L fMLP) (P<.004) but have an enhanced ability to upregulate CD18 (P<.00002) and produce hydrogen peroxide (P<.00004).

Conclusions—We conclude that PMN undergo substantial functional changes as they age in the circulation.

Key Words: neutrophils • cells • chemotaxis • adhesion molecules • free radicals

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