This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Morris, T. A. Articles by Moser, K. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Morris, T. A. Articles by Moser, K. M. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB HEPARIN Medline Plus Health Information Nuclear Scans

(Circulation. 1997;96:3173-3179.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Antibodies Against the Fibrin ß-Chain Amino-Terminus Detect Active Canine Venous Thrombi

Timothy A. Morris, MD; James J. Marsh, PhD; Ronald Konopka, BS; Craig A. Pedersen, AS; Peter G. Chiles, BA; Roberto Fagnani, PhD; Michael Hagan, BA; ; Kenneth M. Moser, MD

From the University of California School of Medicine and the Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care, UCSD Medical Center, and Hybritech Inc (R.F., M.H.), San Diego, Calif.

Background This study was performed to determine whether antibodies against the amino-terminus of the ß-chain of fibrin (anti-ß) could noninvasively distinguish actively enlarging thrombi from thrombi stabilized with anticoagulants.

Methods and Results Dogs with unilateral femoral vein thrombi were allocated into three groups: (1) no anticoagulation, (2) intravenous heparin maintained in the "therapeutic" range (0.2 to 0.5 U/mL plasma), and (3) "excess" heparin, maintained at >1.0 U/mL plasma. Thrombolysis was suppressed with tranexamic acid. ¹¹¹In-labeled anti-ß was infused, and gamma scans of the legs were performed at regular intervals for 24 hours. Scans were interpreted in a blinded fashion. In addition, for each scan, the number of gamma counts from the femoral area on the thrombosed side was compared with the contralateral side. Clot/blood isotope density was determined postmortem. Leg thrombi in the no-anticoagulation group were 100% detectable, mean (±SD) relative count in the thrombosed femoral area was 186% (±30%) of the contralateral side, and clot/blood ratio was 14.7 (±2.0). Thrombi in the therapeutic heparin group were only 75% detectable, relative counts in the thrombosed femoral areas decreased to 125% (±20%), and clot/blood ratio declined to 11.3 (±3.5). In the "excess heparin" group, leg thrombi were only 50% detectable, the thrombosed femoral area had relative counts of 118%±17%, and the clot/blood ratio fell to 7.8±1.9.

Conclusions Radiolabeled anti-ß noninvasively distinguishes propagating thrombi from those stabilized by anticoagulants. They may be useful for detecting thrombosis clinically as well as for monitoring the efficacy of anticoagulation.

Key Words: embolism, pulmonary • fibrin • heparin • pulmonary heart disease • thrombosis

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. A. Morris, J. J. Marsh, P. G. Chiles, C. A. Pedersen, R. G. Konopka, A. C. Gamst, and O. Loza Embolization itself stimulates thrombus propagation in pulmonary embolism Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): H818 - H822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Perrier Labeling the Thrombus: The Future of Nuclear Medicine for Venous Thromboembolism? Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2004; 169(9): 977 - 978. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Morris, J. J. Marsh, P. G. Chiles, R. G. Konopka, C. A. Pedersen, P. F. Schmidt, and M. Gerometta Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography of Pulmonary Emboli and Venous Thrombi Using Anti-D-Dimer Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2004; 169(9): 987 - 993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Hyers, G. Agnelli, R. D. Hull, T. A. Morris, M. Samama, V. Tapson, and J. G. Weg Antithrombotic Therapy for Venous Thromboembolic Disease Chest, January 1, 2001; 119(1_suppl): 176S - 193S. [Full Text] [PDF]