(Circulation. 1997;96:1089-1096.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Short-term Economic and Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation
Myocardial Infarction and Stroke
From the Institute for Health Policy Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Background Most analyses of the economic benefits of smoking cessation consider long-term effects, which are often not of interest to public and private policy makers. These analyses fail to account for the time course of the short-run cost savings from the rapid decline in risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke.
Methods and Results We estimate the time course of the fall
in risk of AMI and stroke after smoking cessation and simulate the
impact of a 1% absolute reduction in smoking prevalence on the number
of and short-term direct medical costs associated with the prevented
AMIs and strokes. In the first year, there would be 924±679 (mean±SD)
fewer hospitalizations for AMI and 538±508 for stroke, resulting in an
immediate savings of $44±26 million. A 7-year program that reduced
smoking prevalence by 1% per year would result in a total of
63 840±15 521 fewer hospitalizations for AMI and 34 261±9133 fewer
for stroke, resulting in a total savings of $3.20±0.59 billion in
costs, and would prevent 
13 100 deaths resulting from AMI that
occur before people reach the hospital. Creating a new nonsmoker
reduces anticipated medical costs associated with AMI and stroke by $47
in the first year and by $853 during the next 7 years (discounting
2.5% per year).
Conclusions Although primary prevention of smoking among teenagers is important, reducing adult smoking pays more immediate dividends, both in terms of health improvements and cost savings.
Key Words: smoking • prevention • cost-benefit analysis
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