(Circulation. 1997;96:3542-3548.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Activation of the Complement System During and After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery
Postsurgery Activation Involves C-Reactive Protein and Is Associated With Postoperative Arrhythmia
From the Departments of Anaesthesiology (P.B., E.M.F.H. de B., A.T.) and Cardiopulmonary Surgery (A.P.Y., P.G.M.J., F.W.J. van H., C.R.H.W., L.E.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, and the Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and Laboratory for Experimental and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre (H. te V., C.E.H.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Correspondence to P. Bruins, MD, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Anaesthesiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background Complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery is considered to result from interaction of blood with the extracorporeal circuit. We investigated whether additional mechanisms may contribute to complement activation during and after CPB and, in particular, focused on a possible role of the acute-phase protein C–reactive protein (CRP).
Methods and Results In 19 patients enrolled for myocardial revascularization, perioperative and postoperative levels of complement activation products, interleukin-6 (IL-6), CRP, and complement-CRP complexes, reflecting CRP-mediated complement activation in vivo, were measured and related to clinical symptoms. A biphasic activation of complement was observed. The ratio between the areas under the curve of perioperative and postoperative C3b/c and C4b/c were 3:2 and 1:46, respectively. IL-6 levels reached a maximum at 6 hours post-surgery. CRP levels peaked on the second postoperative day. Each complement-CRP complex had peak levels on the second or third postoperative day. By multivariate analysis, maximum levels of CRP on the second postoperative day were mainly explained by C4b/c levels after protamine administration, leukocyte count on the second postoperative day, and preoperative levels of CRP. Peak levels of C4b/c after protamine administration (P=.0073) and on the second postoperative day correlated with the occurrence of arrhythmia on the same day (P=.0065).
Conclusions Cardiac surgery with CPB causes a biphasic complement activation. The first phase occurs during CPB and results from the interaction of blood with the extracorporeal circuit. The second phase, which occurs during the first 5 days after surgery, involves CRP, is related to baseline CRP levels, and is associated with clinical symptoms such as arrhythmia.
Key Words: proteins • complement • interleukins • extracorporeal circulation • arrhythmia
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. Anselmi, G. Possati, and M. Gaudino Postoperative inflammatory reaction and atrial fibrillation: simple correlation or causation? Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2009; 88(1): 326 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Girerd, P. Pibarot, D. Fournier, P. Daleau, P. Voisine, G. O'Hara, J.-P. Despres, and P. Mathieu Middle-aged men with increased waist circumference and elevated C-reactive protein level are at higher risk for postoperative atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2009; 30(10): 1270 - 1278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M. Ho and J. A. Tan Benefits and Risks of Corticosteroid Prophylaxis in Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Circulation, April 14, 2009; 119(14): 1853 - 1866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. L. Baker, M. W. Anglade, E. L. Baker, C. M. White, J. Kluger, and C. I. Coleman Use of N-acetylcysteine to reduce post-cardiothoracic surgery complications: a meta-analysis Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., March 1, 2009; 35(3): 521 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kaireviciute, A. Aidietis, and G. Y.H. Lip Atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery: clinical features and preventative strategies Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2009; 30(4): 410 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kourliouros and A. J. Camm Does inflammation influence atrial fibrillation recurrence following catheter ablation? Europace, February 1, 2009; 11(2): 135 - 137. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. El Harchaoui, B. J. Arsenault, R. Franssen, J.-P. Despres, G. K. Hovingh, E. S.G. Stroes, J. D. Otvos, N. J. Wareham, J. J.P. Kastelein, K.-T. Khaw, et al. High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size and Concentration and Coronary Risk Ann Intern Med, January 20, 2009; 150(2): 84 - 93. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Guazzi and R Arena Endothelial dysfunction and pathophysiological correlates in atrial fibrillation Heart, January 15, 2009; 95(2): 102 - 106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Mallat, T. Simon, J. Benessiano, K. Clement, S. Taleb, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, K.-T. Khaw, A. Tedgui, and S. M. Boekholdt Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Prediction of Incident Coronary Events in Healthy Men and Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2009; 94(1): 255 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Hoedemaekers, M. van Deuren, and J. G. van der Hoeven Complement Activation After Cardiac Surgery Follows a Biphasic Pattern Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2008; 86(5): 1723 - 1723. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Marcheix and M. Carrier Reply. Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2008; 86(5): 1723 - 1723. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Adam, H.-R. Neuberger, M. Bohm, and U. Laufs Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation With 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors Circulation, September 16, 2008; 118(12): 1285 - 1293. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Banz, R. Rieben, C. Zobrist, P. Meier, S. Shaw, J. Lanz, T. Carrel, and P. Berdat Addition of dextran sulfate to blood cardioplegia attenuates reperfusion injury in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., September 1, 2008; 34(3): 653 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Dorian and B. N. Singh Upstream therapies to prevent atrial fibrillation Eur. Heart J. Suppl., September 1, 2008; 10(suppl_H): H11 - H31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. M. Marcus and J. E. Olgin Preventing Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: A New Method Using an Old Tool Circulation, July 29, 2008; 118(5): 467 - 468. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. A. Schoonderwoerd, M. D. Smit, L. Pen, and I. C. Van Gelder New risk factors for atrial fibrillation: causes of 'not-so-lone atrial fibrillation' Europace, June 1, 2008; 10(6): 668 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mayr, S. Yusuf, G. Weir, Y.-L. Chung, U. Mayr, X. Yin, C. Ladroue, B. Madhu, N. Roberts, A. De Souza, et al. Combined metabolomic and proteomic analysis of human atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 5, 2008; 51(5): 585 - 594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Lertsburapa, C. M. White, J. Kluger, O. Faheem, J. Hammond, and C. I. Coleman Preoperative statins for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiothoracic surgery. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., February 1, 2008; 135(2): 405 - 411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E M Kallergis, E G Manios, E M Kanoupakis, H E Mavrakis, S G Kolyvaki, G M Lyrarakis, G I Chlouverakis, and P E Vardas The role of the post-cardioversion time course of hs-CRP levels in clarifying the relationship between inflammation and persistence of atrial fibrillation Heart, February 1, 2008; 94(2): 200 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. T. Issac, H. Dokainish, and N. M. Lakkis Role of Inflammation in Initiation and Perpetuation of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review of the Published Data J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 20, 2007; 50(21): 2021 - 2028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Arsenault, I. Lemieux, J.-P. Despres, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, J. J.P. Kastelein, K.-T. Khaw, and S. M. Boekholdt Cholesterol levels in small LDL particles predict the risk of coronary heart disease in the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2007; 28(22): 2770 - 2777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Birjmohun, G. M. Dallinga-Thie, J. A. Kuivenhoven, E. S.G. Stroes, J. D. Otvos, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, J. J.P. Kastelein, K.-T. Khaw, and S. M. Boekholdt Apolipoprotein A-II Is Inversely Associated With Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease Circulation, October 30, 2007; 116(18): 2029 - 2035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Pretorius, B. S. Donahue, C. Yu, J. P. Greelish, D. M. Roden, and N. J. Brown Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 as a Predictor of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Circulation, September 11, 2007; 116(11_suppl): I-1 - I-7. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. London, C. Albert, M. E. Anderson, W. R. Giles, D. R. Van Wagoner, E. Balk, G. E. Billman, M. Chung, W. Lands, A. Leaf, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiac Arrhythmias: Prior Studies and Recommendations for Future Research: A Report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Office of Dietary Supplements Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Their Role in Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis Workshop Circulation, September 4, 2007; 116(10): e320 - e335. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. B. Neuman, H. L. Bloom, I. Shukrullah, L. A. Darrow, D. Kleinbaum, D. P. Jones, and S. C. Dudley Jr Oxidative Stress Markers Are Associated with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Clin. Chem., September 1, 2007; 53(9): 1652 - 1657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Gunaydin, K. Ayrancioglu, E. Dikmen, K. Mccusker, V. Vijay, T. Sari, T. Tezcaner, and Y. Zorlutuna Clinical effects of leukofiltration and surface modification on post-cardiopulmonary bypass atrial fibrillation in different risk cohorts Perfusion, July 1, 2007; 22(4): 279 - 288. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. A. van der Steeg, S. M. Boekholdt, E. A. Stein, K. El-Harchaoui, E. S.G. Stroes, M. S. Sandhu, N. J. Wareham, J. W. Jukema, R. Luben, A. H. Zwinderman, et al. Role of the Apolipoprotein B-Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Case-Control Analysis in EPIC-Norfolk Ann Intern Med, May 1, 2007; 146(9): 640 - 648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Mallat, J. Benessiano, T. Simon, S. Ederhy, C. Sebella-Arguelles, A. Cohen, V. Huart, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, K.-T. Khaw, et al. Circulating Secretory Phospholipase A2 Activity and Risk of Incident Coronary Events in Healthy Men and Women: The EPIC-NORFOLK Study Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 2007; 27(5): 1177 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Liu, G. Li, L. Li, and P. Korantzopoulos Association Between C-Reactive Protein and Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Successful Electrical Cardioversion: A Meta-Analysis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 17, 2007; 49(15): 1642 - 1648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Halonen, P. Halonen, O. Jarvinen, P. Taskinen, T. Auvinen, M. Tarkka, M. Hippelainen, T. Juvonen, J. Hartikainen, and T. Hakala Corticosteroids for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, April 11, 2007; 297(14): 1562 - 1567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Ahlsson, L. Bodin, O. H. Lundblad, and A. G. Englund Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation is Not Correlated to C-Reactive Protein Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2007; 83(4): 1332 - 1337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. L Baker and C M. White Post-Cardiothoracic Surgery Atrial Fibrillation: A Review of Preventive Strategies Ann. Pharmacother., April 1, 2007; 41(4): 587 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Shaw Genetics of postoperative complications following thoracic surgery. Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, December 1, 2006; 10(4): 327 - 345. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Luther, J. V. Gainer, L. J. Murphey, C. Yu, D. E. Vaughan, J. D. Morrow, and N. J. Brown Angiotensin II Induces Interleukin-6 in Humans Through a Mineralocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Mechanism Hypertension, December 1, 2006; 48(6): 1050 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. G. Koch, L. Li, D. R. Van Wagoner, A. I. Duncan, A. M. Gillinov, and E. H. Blackstone Red Cell Transfusion is Associated With an Increased Risk for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2006; 82(5): 1747 - 1756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Patti, M. Chello, D. Candura, V. Pasceri, A. D'Ambrosio, E. Covino, and G. Di Sciascio Randomized Trial of Atorvastatin for Reduction of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Results of the ARMYDA-3 (Atorvastatin for Reduction of MYocardial Dysrhythmia After cardiac surgery) Study Circulation, October 3, 2006; 114(14): 1455 - 1461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. T. Keller, S. I. van Leuven, M. C. Meuwese, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, E. S. Stroes, C. E. Hack, M. Levi, K.-T. Khaw, and S. M. Boekholdt Serum Levels of Mannose-Binding Lectin and the Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2006; 26(10): 2345 - 2350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. K. Smith, M. Carrier, J. C. Chen, A. Haverich, J. H. Levy, P. Menasche, S. K. Shernan, F. Van de Werf, P. X. Adams, T. G. Todaro, et al. Effect of pexelizumab in coronary artery bypass graft surgery with extended aortic cross-clamp time. Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 2006; 82(3): 781 - 788. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Amar, A. Goenka, H. Zhang, B. Park, and H. T. Thaler Leukocytosis and increased risk of atrial fibrillation after general thoracic surgery. Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 2006; 82(3): 1057 - 1061. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Hogue Jr, C. A. Palin, R. Kailasam, J. S. Lawton, A. Nassief, V. G. Davila-Roman, B. Thomas, and R. Damiano C-reactive protein levels and atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery in women. Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2006; 82(1): 97 - 102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Ishida, F. Kimura, M. Imamaki, A. Ishida, H. Shimura, H. Kohno, M. Sakurai, and M. Miyazaki Relation of inflammatory cytokines to atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., April 1, 2006; 29(4): 501 - 505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Shiroshita-Takeshita, B. J.J.M. Brundel, J. Lavoie, and S. Nattel Prednisone prevents atrial fibrillation promotion by atrial tachycardia remodeling in dogs Cardiovasc Res, March 1, 2006; 69(4): 865 - 875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Korantzopoulos, T. M. Kolettis, and J. A. Goudevenos Effects of N-3 Fatty Acids on Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 17, 2006; 47(2): 467 - 468. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J. Boos, R. A. Anderson, and G. Y.H. Lip Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disorder? Eur. Heart J., January 2, 2006; 27(2): 136 - 149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. V. Podgoreanu and D. A. Schwinn New Paradigms in Cardiovascular Medicine: Emerging Technologies and Practices: Perioperative Genomics J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 6, 2005; 46(11): 1965 - 1977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Amar, H. Zhang, P. M. Heerdt, B. Park, M. Fleisher, and H. T. Thaler Statin Use Is Associated With a Reduction in Atrial Fibrillation After Noncardiac Thoracic Surgery Independent of C-Reactive Protein Chest, November 1, 2005; 128(5): 3421 - 3427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Malouf, R. Kanagala, F. O. Al Atawi, A. G. Rosales, D. E. Davison, N. S. Murali, T. S.M. Tsang, K. Chandrasekaran, N. M. Ammash, P. A. Friedman, et al. High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein: A Novel Predictor for Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Successful Cardioversion J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 4, 2005; 46(7): 1284 - 1287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D.M. Engelmann and J. H. Svendsen Inflammation in the genesis and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation Eur. Heart J., October 2, 2005; 26(20): 2083 - 2092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Visser, C. J. Zuurbier, F. J. Hoek, B. C. Opmeer, E. de Jonge, B. A. J. M. de Mol, and H. B. van Wezel Glucose, insulin and potassium applied as perioperative hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp: effects on inflammatory response during coronary artery surgery Br. J. Anaesth., October 1, 2005; 95(4): 448 - 457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O Wazni, D O Martin, N F Marrouche, M Shaaraoui, M K Chung, S Almahameed, R A Schweikert, W I Saliba, and A Natale C reactive protein concentration and recurrence of atrial fibrillation after electrical cardioversion Heart, October 1, 2005; 91(10): 1303 - 1305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Wijeysundera, W. S. Beattie, G. Djaiani, V. Rao, M. A. Borger, K. Karkouti, and R. J. Cusimano Off-Pump Coronary Artery Surgery for Reducing Mortality and Morbidity: Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Observational Studies J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 6, 2005; 46(5): 872 - 882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A.C. Abreu Filho, L. A.F. Lisboa, L. A.O. Dallan, G. S. Spina, M. Grinberg, M. Scanavacca, E. A. Sosa, J. A. F. Ramires, and S. A. Oliveira Effectiveness of the Maze Procedure Using Cooled-Tip Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation and Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease Circulation, August 30, 2005; 112(9_suppl): I-20 - I-25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. G. Glance, A. W. Dick, T. M. Osler, and D. B. Mukamel The Relation Between Surgeon Volume and Outcome Following Off-Pump vs On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Chest, August 1, 2005; 128(2): 829 - 837. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Hogue Jr., L. L. Creswell, D. D. Gutterman, and L. A. Fleisher Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Risks: American College of Chest Physicians Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery Chest, August 1, 2005; 128(2_suppl): 9S - 16S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. Gillespie, K. A. Gryskiewicz, C. M. White, J. Kluger, C. Humphrey, S. Horowitz, and C. I. Coleman Effect of aprotinin on the frequency of postoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., July 1, 2005; 62(13): 1370 - 1374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A S Montenero, N Mollichelli, F Zumbo, A Antonelli, A Dolci, M Barberis, C Sirolla, T Staine, L Fiocca, N Bruno, et al. Helicobacter pylori and atrial fibrillation: a possible pathogenic link Heart, July 1, 2005; 91(7): 960 - 961. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Ishii, R. B. Schuessler, S. L. Gaynor, K. Yamada, A. S. Fu, J. P. Boineau, and R. J. Damiano Jr Inflammation of Atrium After Cardiac Surgery Is Associated With Inhomogeneity of Atrial Conduction and Atrial Fibrillation Circulation, June 7, 2005; 111(22): 2881 - 2888. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Calo, L. Bianconi, F. Colivicchi, F. Lamberti, M. L. Loricchio, E. de Ruvo, A. Meo, C. Pandozi, M. Staibano, and M. Santini N-3 Fatty Acids for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 17, 2005; 45(10): 1723 - 1728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Lo, R. Fijnheer, A. P. Nierich, P. Bruins, and C. J. Kalkman C-Reactive Protein is a Risk Indicator for Atrial Fibrillation After Myocardial Revascularization Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2005; 79(5): 1530 - 1535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Dik, C. Jonker, C. E. Hack, J. H. Smit, H. C. Comijs, and P. Eikelenboom Serum inflammatory proteins and cognitive decline in older persons Neurology, April 26, 2005; 64(8): 1371 - 1377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Boekholdt, T. T. Keller, N. J. Wareham, R. Luben, S. A. Bingham, N. E. Day, M. S. Sandhu, J. W. Jukema, J. J.P. Kastelein, C. E. Hack, et al. Serum Levels of Type II Secretory Phospholipase A2 and the Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women: The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 2005; 25(4): 839 - 846. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Mandal, E. Torsney, J. Poloniecki, A. J. Camm, Q. Xu, and M. Jahangiri Association of High Intracellular, But Not Serum, Heat Shock Protein 70 With Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2005; 79(3): 865 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. van den Goor, R. Nieuwland, A. van den Brink, W. van Oeveren, P. Rutten, J. Tijssen, and L. Eijsman Reduced complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass does not affect the postoperative acute phase response Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., November 1, 2004; 26(5): 926 - 931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Mandal, M. Jahangiri, M. Mukhin, J. Poloniecki, A. J. Camm, and Q. Xu Association of Anti-Heat Shock Protein 65 Antibodies With Development of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Circulation, October 26, 2004; 110(17): 2588 - 2590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Boekholdt, J.-A. Kuivenhoven, N. J. Wareham, R. J.G. Peters, J. W. Jukema, R. Luben, S. A. Bingham, N. E. Day, J. J.P. Kastelein, and K.-T. Khaw Plasma Levels of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and the Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women: The Prospective EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition)-Norfolk Population Study Circulation, September 14, 2004; 110(11): 1418 - 1423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Ishii, M. J. Gleva, M. C. Gamache, R. B. Schuessler, J. P. Boineau, M. S. Bailey, and R. J. Damiano Jr Atrial Tachyarrhythmias After the Maze Procedure: Incidence and Prognosis Circulation, September 14, 2004; 110(11_suppl_1): II-164 - II-168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Boekholdt, R. J. G. Peters, C. E. Hack, N. E. Day, R. Luben, S. A. Bingham, N. J. Wareham, P. H. Reitsma, and K.-T. Khaw IL-8 Plasma Concentrations and the Risk of Future Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women: The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2004; 24(8): 1503 - 1508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. H Abdelhadi, M. K Chung, and D. R Van Wagoner New hope for the prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation Eur. Heart J., July 1, 2004; 25(13): 1089 - 1090. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dernellis and M. Panaretou Relationship between C-reactive protein concentrations during glucocorticoid therapy and recurrent atrial fibrillation Eur. Heart J., July 1, 2004; 25(13): 1100 - 1107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. G. Conway, P. Buggins, E. Hughes, and G. Y. H. Lip Relationship of interleukin-6 and C-Reactive protein to the prothrombotic state in chronic atrial fibrillation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 2, 2004; 43(11): 2075 - 2082. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Mathew, M. L. Fontes, I. C. Tudor, J. Ramsay, P. Duke, C. D. Mazer, P. G. Barash, P. H. Hsu, and D. T. Mangano A Multicenter Risk Index for Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery JAMA, April 14, 2004; 291(14): 1720 - 1729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kumagai, H. Nakashima, and K. Saku The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin prevents atrial fibrillation by inhibiting inflammation in a canine sterile pericarditis model Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2004; 62(1): 105 - 111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Aviles, D. O. Martin, C. Apperson-Hansen, P. L. Houghtaling, P. Rautaharju, R. A. Kronmal, R. P. Tracy, D. R. Van Wagoner, B. M. Psaty, M. S. Lauer, et al. Inflammation as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation Circulation, December 16, 2003; 108(24): 3006 - 3010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gaudino, F. Andreotti, R. Zamparelli, A. Di Castelnuovo, G. Nasso, F. Burzotta, L. Iacoviello, M. B. Donati, R. Schiavello, A. Maseri, et al. The -174G/C Interleukin-6 Polymorphism Influences Postoperative Interleukin-6 Levels and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation. Is Atrial Fibrillation an Inflammatory Complication? Circulation, September 9, 2003; 108(90101): II-195 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Haase, A. Sharma, A. Fielitz, S. Uchino, J. Rocktaeschel, R. Bellomo, L. Doolan, G. Matalanis, A. Rosalion, B. F. Buxton, et al. On-pump coronary artery surgery versus off-pump exclusive arterial coronary grafting: a matched cohort comparison Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 2003; 75(1): 62 - 67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Albert, J. Ma, N. Rifai, M. J. Stampfer, and P. M. Ridker Prospective Study of C-Reactive Protein, Homocysteine, and Plasma Lipid Levels as Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death Circulation, June 4, 2002; 105(22): 2595 - 2599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.M. Cotton, A. Mathur, Y. Hong, A.S. Brown, J.F. Martin, and J.D. Erusalimsky Acute rise of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-A in patients with coronary artery disease following cardiothoracic surgery Eur. Heart J., June 2, 2002; 23(12): 953 - 959. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Paparella, T.M. Yau, and E. Young Cardiopulmonary bypass induced inflammation: pathophysiology and treatment. An update Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., February 1, 2002; 21(2): 232 - 244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. van Dijk, A. P. Nierich, E. W.L. Jansen, H. M. Nathoe, W. J.L. Suyker, J. C. Diephuis, W.-J. van Boven, C. Borst, E. Buskens, D. E. Grobbee, et al. Early Outcome After Off-Pump Versus On-Pump Coronary Bypass Surgery: Results From a Randomized Study Circulation, October 9, 2001; 104(15): 1761 - 1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. F Larson, D. Arzouman, L. Kleinert, V. Patula, and S. Williams Comparison of Sarns 3M heparin bonded to Duraflo II and control circuits in a porcine model: macro- and microanalysis of thrombi accumulation in circuit arterial filters Perfusion, January 1, 2000; 15(1): 13 - 20. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Hogue Jr and M. L. Hyder Atrial fibrillation after cardiac operation: risks, mechanisms, and treatment Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 2000; 69(1): 300 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wan and A. P.C. Yim Cytokines in myocardial injury: impact on cardiac surgical approach Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., September 1, 1999; 16(suppl_1): S107 - S111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Bruins, H. t. Velthuis, P. G. M. Jansen, L. Eijsman, and C. Erik Hack Biphasic release of secretory phospholipase A2 during and after cardiopulmonary bypass J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 1998; 115(4): 949 - 951. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Chung, D. O. Martin, D. Sprecher, O. Wazni, A. Kanderian, C. A. Carnes, J. A. Bauer, P. J. Tchou, M. J. Niebauer, A. Natale, et al. C-Reactive Protein Elevation in Patients With Atrial Arrhythmias: Inflammatory Mechanisms and Persistence of Atrial Fibrillation Circulation, December 11, 2001; 104(24): 2886 - 2891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|