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(Circulation. 1997;96:3521-3526.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Instant Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Variability During Orthostatic Tilt Using a Time-/Frequency-Domain Method

Sylvain Jasson, MS; Claire Médigue, MD; Pierre Maison-Blanche, MD; Nicola Montano, MD; Laurent Meyer, BS; Christophe Vermeiren, PhD; Pascale Mansier, PhD; Philippe Coumel, MD; Alberto Malliani, MD; ; Bernard Swynghedauw, PhD, MD

From U127-INSERM (S.J., L.M., P.M., B.S.) and Centre de Rythmologie, Hôpital Lariboisière (P.M.-B., P.C.), Paris, and INRIA-Rocquencourt, Le Chesnay (C.M., C.V.), France, and Centro Ricerche Cardiovascolari, CNR, Ospedale L. Sacco, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy (N.M., A.M.).

Correspondence to B. Swynghedauw, U127-INSERM, Hôpital Lariboisière, 41 Blvd de la Chapelle, 75475 Paris CEDEX 10, France. E-mail swynghed{at}infobiogen.fr

Background Spectral analysis of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) requires, as a rule, some level of stationarity and, as a result, is inadequate to quantify biological transients. A time-/frequency-domain method (TF) was developed to obtain an instant spectral power (SP) of HRV during tilt.

Methods and Results HR was recorded by Holter monitoring in volunteers and analyzed with a TF, the smoothed pseudo–Wigner-Ville transformation (SPWVT), with the table inclination randomly set or continuously increased while the table rotated in head-up position. (1) The SPWVT assesses, beat by beat, the instant center frequency (ICF) of the SP. ICF correlates better with instant HR than the ratio of low- (LF) to high-frequency (HF) oscillations. The transient effect of tilt is better characterized as a shift of SP toward lower frequencies than by changes in amplitudes. (2) The method evidences variations of HR from one second to another. During the passage to head-up position, the vagal withdrawal and the sympathetic activation occur nearly simultaneously, as indicated by the instant changes in both LF and HF amplitudes and ICF. (3) The averaged results of the SPWVT give results similar to those previously obtained with autoregressive algorithms.

Conclusions The SPWVT is a new tool to explore HR transitions such as periods before episodes of arrhythmias on a time scale of one beat and allows quantification of an instant frequency index (ICF) that closely reflects the instantaneous relationship between sympathetic and vagal modulations.

Key Words: electrocardiology • Fourier analysis • heart rate • intervals • physiology

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