(Circulation. 1997;95:76-82.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Single LDL Apheresis Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilatation in Hypercholesterolemic Humans
the Department of Internal Medicine III (O.T., H.M., Y.W., K.K., T.I.), Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan, and the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Kanagawa, Japan (H.I.).
Background Although long-term lipid-lowering therapy improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in humans, it remains unknown whether the short-term removal of LDL per se ameliorates endothelial dysfunction.
Methods and Results To examine the effects of a single session of LDL apheresis on endothelial function in patients with hypercholesterolemia, we measured forearm blood flow (FBF) by strain-gauge plethysmography before and after single LDL apheresis while infusing acetylcholine (ACh; 4 to 24 µg/min) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 0.2 to 1.2 µg/min). The single session of LDL apheresis reduced total LDL (from 142.2±15.0 to 32.6±5.0 mg/mL, P<.0005) and oxidized LDL (from 111.6±22.8 to 30.0±5.4 ng/mL, P<.005). Although ACh and SNP increased FBF dose-dependently before and after LDL apheresis, the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation responses to ACh were significantly augmented (P<.01) after the single session of LDL apheresis without changes in the endothelium-independent vasodilatation responses to SNP. The plasma levels of total and oxidized LDL correlated with the degree of ACh-induced vasodilatation. Furthermore, the local production of nitrate/nitrite, metabolites of NO, during ACh infusion was significantly (P<.05) augmented by LDL apheresis, and there was a significant correlation between the degree of ACh-induced vasodilatation and the production in nitrate/nitrite (r=.99, P<.0005).
Conclusions We demonstrated that even a single session of LDL apheresis with the reduction of total LDL and oxidized LDL improved endothelial function. Our results suggest that total LDL and/or oxidized LDL may directly impair endothelial function in the human forearm vessel.
Key Words: acetylcholine • arteriosclerosis • blood flow • endothelium-derived factors • lipoproteins
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  J. Xu and M.-H. Zou Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Endothelial Dysfunction Circulation, September 29, 2009; 120(13): 1266 - 1286. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Kitta, J.-e. Obata, T. Nakamura, M. Hirano, Y. Kodama, D. Fujioka, Y. Saito, K.-i. Kawabata, K. Sano, T. Kobayashi, et al. Persistent impairment of endothelial vasomotor function has a negative impact on outcome in patients with coronary artery disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 27, 2009; 53(4): 323 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Dihazi, M. J. Koziolek, T. Sollner, E. Kahler, R. Klingel, R. Neuhoff, F. Strutz, and G. A. Mueller Protein adsorption during LDL-apheresis: proteomic analysis Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2008; 23(9): 2925 - 2935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Settergren, F. Bohm, L. Ryden, and J. Pernow Cholesterol lowering is more important than pleiotropic effects of statins for endothelial function in patients with dysglycaemia and coronary artery disease Eur. Heart J., July 2, 2008; 29(14): 1753 - 1760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Sharman, C. M. McEniery, R. Campbell, P. Pusalkar, I. B. Wilkinson, J. S. Coombes, and J. R. Cockcroft Nitric Oxide Does Not Significantly Contribute to Changes in Pulse Pressure Amplification During Light Aerobic Exercise Hypertension, April 1, 2008; 51(4): 856 - 861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Maas, E. Schwedhelm, L. Kahl, H. Li, R. Benndorf, N. Luneburg, U. Forstermann, and R. H. Boger Simultaneous Assessment of Endothelial Function, Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity, Nitric Oxide-Mediated Signaling, and Oxidative Stress in Individuals with and without Hypercholesterolemia Clin. Chem., February 1, 2008; 54(2): 292 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Vlachopoulos, K. Aznaouridis, A. Dagre, C. Vasiliadou, C. Masoura, E. Stefanadi, J. Skoumas, C. Pitsavos, and C. Stefanadis Protective effect of atorvastatin on acute systemic inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolaemic subjects Eur. Heart J., September 1, 2007; 28(17): 2102 - 2109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Maki-Petaja, A. D. Booth, F. C. Hall, S. M.L. Wallace, J. Brown, C. M. McEniery, and I. B. Wilkinson Ezetimibe and Simvastatin Reduce Inflammation, Disease Activity, and Aortic Stiffness and Improve Endothelial Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 28, 2007; 50(9): 852 - 858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. K. Liao Rho-Kinase: A Potential Link Between Hypercholesterolemia and Abnormal Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction Circ. Res., August 4, 2006; 99(3): 238 - 239. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Andreadou, E. K. Iliodromitis, E. Mikros, M. Constantinou, A. Agalias, P. Magiatis, A. L. Skaltsounis, E. Kamber, A. Tsantili-Kakoulidou, and D. T. Kremastinos The Olive Constituent Oleuropein Exhibits Anti-Ischemic, Antioxidative, and Hypolipidemic Effects in Anesthetized Rabbits J. Nutr., August 1, 2006; 136(8): 2213 - 2219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Fichtlscherer, C. Schmidt-Lucke, S. Bojunga, L. Rossig, C. Heeschen, S. Dimmeler, and A. M. Zeiher Differential effects of short-term lipid lowering with ezetimibe and statins on endothelial function in patients with CAD: clinical evidence for 'pleiotropic' functions of statin therapy Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2006; 27(10): 1182 - 1190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Sanai, R. Matsui, and T. Hirano LDL Apheresis for Cholesterol Embolism Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Case Report Angiology, May 1, 2006; 57(3): 379 - 382. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tsimikas, J. T. Willerson, and P. M. Ridker C-reactive protein and other emerging blood biomarkers to optimize risk stratification of vulnerable patients. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 18, 2006; 47(8 Suppl): C19 - C31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Marketou, E. A. Zacharis, D. Nikitovic, E. S. Ganotakis, F. I. Parthenakis, N. Maliaraki, and P. E. Vardas Early Effects of Simvastatin versus Atorvastatin on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hyperlipidemic Subjects Angiology, March 1, 2006; 57(2): 211 - 218. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Rikitake and J. K. Liao Rho GTPases, Statins, and Nitric Oxide Circ. Res., December 9, 2005; 97(12): 1232 - 1235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Hesse, H. Siedler, S. P. Luntz, B. M. Arendt, R. Goerlich, R. Fricker, M. Heer, and W. E. Haefeli Modulation of endothelial and smooth muscle function by bed rest and hypoenergetic, low-fat nutrition J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2005; 99(6): 2196 - 2203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. P. Liew and J. R Bartholomew Atheromatous embolization Vascular Medicine, November 1, 2005; 10(4): 309 - 326. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kitta, T. Nakamura, Y. Kodama, H. Takano, K. Umetani, D. Fujioka, Y. Saito, K.-i. Kawabata, J.-e. Obata, Y. Ichigi, et al. Endothelial Vasomotor Dysfunction in the Brachial Artery Is Associated With Late In-Stent Coronary Restenosis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 16, 2005; 46(4): 648 - 655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Sugano, H. Matsuoka, N. Haramaki, H. Umei, E. Murase, K. Fukami, S. Iida, H. Ikeda, and T. Imaizumi Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes May Impair Endothelial Function: Results of Crossover Randomized Study of Lipid-Lowering Therapies Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2005; 25(6): 1262 - 1267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Landmesser, F. Bahlmann, M. Mueller, S. Spiekermann, N. Kirchhoff, S. Schulz, C. Manes, D. Fischer, K. de Groot, D. Fliser, et al. Simvastatin Versus Ezetimibe: Pleiotropic and Lipid-Lowering Effects on Endothelial Function in Humans Circulation, May 10, 2005; 111(18): 2356 - 2363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Kaufmann and P. G. Camici Myocardial Blood Flow Measurement by PET: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications J. Nucl. Med., January 1, 2005; 46(1): 75 - 88. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S Van Doornum, G McColl, and I P Wicks Atorvastatin reduces arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Ann Rheum Dis, December 1, 2004; 63(12): 1571 - 1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Saliashvili, W. W. Davis, M. T. Harris, N.-A. Le, and W. V. Brown Simvastatin Improved Arterial Compliance in High-Risk Patients Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, November 1, 2004; 38(6): 519 - 523. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tsimikas, J. L. Witztum, E. R. Miller, W. J. Sasiela, M. Szarek, A. G. Olsson, G. G. Schwartz, and for the Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggress High-Dose Atorvastatin Reduces Total Plasma Levels of Oxidized Phospholipids and Immune Complexes Present on Apolipoprotein B-100 in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes in the MIRACL Trial Circulation, September 14, 2004; 110(11): 1406 - 1412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. L. Lazar Role of statin therapy in the coronary bypass patient Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2004; 78(2): 730 - 740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-H. Bae, E. Bassenge, K.-Y. Kim, Y.-C. Synn, k.-R. Park, and M. Schwemmer Effects of Low-Dose Atorvastatin on Vascular Responses in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stenting Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, July 1, 2004; 9(3): 185 - 192. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D.D. Waters and K.K. Khush Management of the acute coronary syndrome patient Eur. Heart J. Suppl., July 1, 2004; 6(suppl_C): C49 - C57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tsimikas, H. K. Lau, K.-R. Han, B. Shortal, E. R. Miller, A. Segev, L. K. Curtiss, J. L. Witztum, and B. H. Strauss Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Results in Acute Increases in Oxidized Phospholipids and Lipoprotein(a): Short-Term and Long-Term Immunologic Responses to Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Circulation, June 29, 2004; 109(25): 3164 - 3170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P.J. Halcox and J. E. Deanfield Beyond the Laboratory: Clinical Implications for Statin Pleiotropy Circulation, June 1, 2004; 109(21_suppl_1): II-42 - II-48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Economides, A. Caselli, E. Tiani, L. Khaodhiar, E. S. Horton, and A. Veves The Effects of Atorvastatin on Endothelial Function in Diabetic Patients and Subjects at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2004; 89(2): 740 - 747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Raitakari, T. Ilvonen, M. Ahotupa, T. Lehtimaki, A. Harmoinen, P. Suominen, J. Elo, J. Hartiala, and O. T. Raitakari Weight Reduction With Very-Low-Caloric Diet and Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults: Role of Plasma Glucose Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2004; 24(1): 124 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wassmann, A. Faul, B. Hennen, B. Scheller, M. Bohm, and G. Nickenig Rapid Effect of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibition on Coronary Endothelial Function Circ. Res., October 31, 2003; 93 (9): e98 - e103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Widlansky, N. Gokce, J. F. Keaney Jr, and J. A. Vita The clinical implications of endothelial dysfunction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2003; 42(7): 1149 - 1160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Lowson Nitric Oxide Signaling and Clinical Alternatives to Nitric Oxide Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, September 1, 2003; 7(3): 239 - 252. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Goto, Y. Higashi, M. Kimura, K. Noma, K. Hara, K. Nakagawa, M. Kawamura, K. Chayama, M. Yoshizumi, and I. Nara Effect of Different Intensities of Exercise on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Humans: Role of Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress Circulation, August 5, 2003; 108(5): 530 - 535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wolfrum, K. S. Jensen, and J. K. Liao Endothelium-Dependent Effects of Statins Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2003; 23(5): 729 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.O Bonetti, L.O Lerman, C Napoli, and A Lerman Statin effects beyond lipid lowering--are they clinically relevant? Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2003; 24(3): 225 - 248. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tsimikas and J. L. Witztum Shifting the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis to children and young adults: a new paradigm for the 21st century J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 18, 2002; 40(12): 2122 - 2124. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
References Circulation, December 17, 2002; 106(25): 3373 - 3421. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Sposito and M. J. Chapman Statin Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Mechanistic Insight Into Clinical Benefit Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1524 - 1534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.E. Deanfield The management of special patient populations Eur. Heart J. Suppl., September 1, 2002; 4(suppl_F): F19 - F23. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Matsuzaki, K. Hiramori, T. Imaizumi, A. Kitabatake, H. Hishida, M. Nomura, T. Fujii, I. Sakuma, K. Fukami, T. Honda, et al. Intravascular ultrasound evaluation of coronary plaque regression by low density lipoprotein-apheresis in familial hypercholesterolemia: The Low Density Lipoprotein-Apheresis Coronary Morphology and Reserve Trial (LACMART) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 17, 2002; 40(2): 220 - 227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Iraculis, A. Cequier, J. A. Gomez-Hospital, M. Sabate, J. Mauri, E. Fernandez-Nofrerias, B. Garcia del Blanco, F. Jara, and E. Esplugas Early dysfunction and long-term improvement in endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the infarct-related artery after thrombolysis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 17, 2002; 40(2): 257 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. V. van Venrooij, M. A. van de Ree, M. L. Bots, R. P. Stolk, M. V. Huisman, and J. D. Banga Aggressive Lipid Lowering Does Not Improve Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes: The Diabetes Atorvastatin Lipid Intervention (DALI) Study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Diabetes Care, July 1, 2002; 25(7): 1211 - 1216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. I. McFarlane, R. Muniyappa, R. Francisco, and J. R. Sowers Pleiotropic Effects of Statins: Lipid Reduction and Beyond J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2002; 87(4): 1451 - 1458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Perrone-Filardi and M. Chiariello Coronary artery disease and intermittent claudication: how to manage the patient Eur. Heart J. Suppl., March 1, 2002; 4(suppl_B): B58 - B62. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D E Newby, F N Witherow, R A Wright, P Bloomfield, C A Ludlam, N A Boon, K A A Fox, and D J Webb Hypercholesterolaemia and lipid lowering treatment do not affect the acute endogenous fibrinolytic capacity in vivo Heart, January 1, 2002; 87(1): 48 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Takemoto and J. K. Liao Pleiotropic Effects of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2001; 21(11): 1712 - 1719. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Wakatsuki, Y. Okatani, N. Ikenoue, and T. Fukaya Effect of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Postmenopausal Women Receiving Estrogen Circulation, October 9, 2001; 104(15): 1773 - 1778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Imamura, S. Biro, T. Kihara, S. Yoshifuku, K. Takasaki, Y. Otsuji, S. Minagoe, Y. Toyama, and C. Tei Repeated thermal therapy improves impaired vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary risk factors J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2001; 38(4): 1083 - 1088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Spacil, R. Ceska, and T. Haas Flow-Dependent Vasomotor Dysfunction of the Popliteal Artery Related to Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness Angiology, October 1, 2001; 52(10): 689 - 695. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Asberg, A. Hartmann, E. Fjeldsa, and H. Holdaas Atorvastatin improves endothelial function in renal-transplant recipients Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2001; 16(9): 1920 - 1924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. H.-H. Sheu, Y.-T. Chen, and W.-J. Lee Improvement in Endothelial Dysfunction With LDL Cholesterol Level <80 mg/dl in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Diabetes Care, August 1, 2001; 24(8): 1499 - 1501. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Glantz and W. W. Parmley Even a Little Secondhand Smoke Is Dangerous JAMA, July 25, 2001; 286(4): 462 - 463. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Nestel, H. Shige, S. Pomeroy, M. Cehun, and J. Chin-Dusting Post-prandial remnant lipids impair arterial compliance J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 1, 2001; 37(7): 1929 - 1935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. John, C. Delles, J. Jacobi, M. P. Schlaich, M. Schneider, G. Schmitz, and R. E. Schmieder Rapid improvement of nitric oxide bioavailability after lipid-lowering therapy with cerivastatin within two weeks J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 2001; 37(5): 1351 - 1358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. F. Penny, O. Ben-Yehuda, K. Kuroe, J. Long, A. Bond, V. Bhargava, J. F. Peterson, M. McDaniel, J. Juliano, J. L. Witztum, et al. Improvement of coronary artery endothelial dysfunction with lipid-lowering therapy: heterogeneity of segmental response and correlation with plasma-oxidized low density lipoprotein J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 1, 2001; 37(3): 766 - 774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Higashi, M. Sanada, S. Sasaki, K. Nakagawa, C. Goto, H. Matsuura, K. Ohama, K. Chayama, and T. Oshima Effect of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Endothelial Function in Peripheral Resistance Arteries in Normotensive and Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women Hypertension, February 1, 2001; 37(2): 651 - 657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M Lefer, R. Scalia, and D. J Lefer Vascular effects of HMG CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) unrelated to cholesterol lowering: new concepts for cardiovascular disease Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2001; 49(2): 281 - 287. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Forrester, C. N. Bairey-Merz, and S. Kaul The aggressive low density lipoprotein lowering controversy J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2000; 36(4): 1419 - 1425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. De Sutter, R. Tavernier, M. De Buyzere, L. Jordaens, and G. De Backer Lipid lowering drugs and recurrences of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in high-risk patients J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 2000; 36(3): 766 - 772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. Koh Effects of statins on vascular wall: vasomotor function, inflammation, and plaque stability Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2000; 47(4): 648 - 657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.A. Underwood and S. M. Mitchell Low density lipoproteins in human plasma make vascular smooth muscle cells resistant to growth inhibition by heparin Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2000; 47(4): 749 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Tomasian, J. F. Keaney Jr., and J. A. Vita Antioxidants and the bioactivity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide Cardiovasc Res, August 18, 2000; 47(3): 426 - 435. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Kaufmann, T. Gnecchi-Ruscone, K. P. Schafers, T. F. Luscher, and P. G. Camici Low density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary microvascular dysfunction in hypercholesterolemia J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2000; 36(1): 103 - 109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J. Williams, R. Scalia, K. D. Mazany, W. V. Rodrigueza, and A. M. Lefer Rapid Restoration of Normal Endothelial Functions in Genetically Hyperlipidemic Mice by a Synthetic Mediator of Reverse Lipid Transport Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2000; 20(4): 1033 - 1039. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miyazaki, H. Matsuoka, H. Itabe, M. Usui, S. Ueda, S. Okuda, and T. Imaizumi Hemodialysis Impairs Endothelial Function via Oxidative Stress : Effects of Vitamin E-Coated Dialyzer Circulation, March 7, 2000; 101(9): 1002 - 1006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J. Vaughan, A. M. Gotto Jr., and C. T. Basson The evolving role of statins in the management of atherosclerosis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 1, 2000; 35(1): 1 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Mostaza, M. V. Gomez, F. Gallardo, M. L. Salazar, R. Martin-Jadraque, L. Plaza-Celemin, I. Gonzalez-Maqueda, and L. Martin-Jadraque Cholesterol reduction improves myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease and average cholesterol levels J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 1, 2000; 35(1): 76 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Hahnel, J. Thiery, T. Brosche, and B. Engelmann Role of Plasmalogens in the Enhanced Resistance of LDL to Copper-Induced Oxidation After LDL Apheresis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 1999; 19(10): 2431 - 2438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. J. Anderson Assessment and treatment of endothelial dysfunction in humans J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 1999; 34(3): 631 - 638. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. K. Pfefferkorn, H.-P. Knuppel, B. R. Jaeger, J. Thiery, and G. F. Hamann Increased Cerebral CO2 Reactivity After Heparin-Mediated Extracorporal LDL Precipitation (HELP) in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease and Hyperlipidemia Stroke, September 1, 1999; 30 (9): e1802 - 1806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M Dart and J. P.F Chin-Dusting Lipids and the endothelium Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 1999; 43(2): 308 - 322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. W. Wilmink, J. D. Banga, M. Hijmering, W. D. Erkelens, E. S. G. Stroes, and T. J. Rabelink Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonism on postprandial endothelial function J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 1999; 34(1): 140 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Waters Cholesterol Lowering : Should It Continue to Be the Last Thing We Do? Circulation, June 29, 1999; 99(25): 3215 - 3217. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dupuis, J.-C. Tardif, P. Cernacek, and P. Theroux Cholesterol Reduction Rapidly Improves Endothelial Function After Acute Coronary Syndromes : The RECIFE (Reduction of Cholesterol in Ischemia and Function of the Endothelium) Trial Circulation, June 29, 1999; 99(25): 3227 - 3233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. V. Lewis, A. M. Dart, and J. P. F. Chin-Dusting Endothelium-dependent relaxation by acetylcholine is impaired in hypertriglyceridemic humans with normal levels of plasma LDL cholesterol J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 1, 1999; 33(3): 805 - 812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Guethlin, A. M. Kasel, K. Coppenrath, S. Ziegler, W. Delius, and M. Schwaiger Delayed Response of Myocardial Flow Reserve to Lipid-Lowering Therapy With Fluvastatin Circulation, February 2, 1999; 99(4): 475 - 481. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Higashi, S. Sasaki, N. Sasaki, K. Nakagawa, T. Ueda, A. Yoshimizu, S. Kurisu, H. Matsuura, G. Kajiyama, and T. Oshima Daily Aerobic Exercise Improves Reactive Hyperemia in Patients With Essential Hypertension Hypertension, January 1, 1999; 33(1): 591 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Laufs and J. K. Liao Post-transcriptional Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase mRNA Stability by Rho GTPase J. Biol. Chem., September 11, 1998; 273(37): 24266 - 24271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Neunteufl, K. Kostner, R. Katzenschlager, M. Zehetgruber, G. Maurer, and F. Weidinger Additional benefit of vitamin E supplementation to simvastatin therapy on vasoreactivity of the brachial artery of hypercholesterolemic men J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 1998; 32(3): 711 - 716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. Kalmansohn, D. L. Schiff, and R. B. Kalmansohn Present Status of HMG Reductase Inhibitors in Treatment of Dyslipidemia Angiology, September 1, 1998; 49(9): 801 - 805. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Vogel and M. C. Corretti Estrogens, Progestins, and Heart Disease : Can Endothelial Function Divine the Benefit? Circulation, April 7, 1998; 97(13): 1223 - 1226. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Laufs, V. La Fata, J. Plutzky, and J. K. Liao Upregulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase by HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors Circulation, March 31, 1998; 97(12): 1129 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Mii, A. Mori, H. Sakata, M. Nakayama, and H. Tsuruta LDL Apheresis for Arteriosclerosis Obliterans with Occluded Bypass Graft: Change in Prostacyclin and Effect on Ischemic Symptoms Angiology, March 1, 1998; 49(3): 175 - 180. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Zhao and R. L. Tackett Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Inhibits Acetylcholine-Induced Vasorelaxation and Increases 5-HT-Induced Vasoconstriction in Isolated Human Saphenous Vein J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 1998; 284(2): 637 - 643. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Stroes, T. de Bruin, H. de Valk, W. Erkelens, J.-D. Banga, H. van Rijn, H. Koomans, and T. Rabelink NO activity in familial combined hyperlipidemia: potential role of cholesterol remnants Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 1997; 36(3): 445 - 452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Delanty and C. J. Vaughan Vascular Effects of Statins in Stroke Stroke, November 1, 1997; 28(11): 2315 - 2320. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. P. Selwyn, S. Kinlay, P. Libby, and P. Ganz Atherogenic Lipids, Vascular Dysfunction, and Clinical Signs of Ischemic Heart Disease Circulation, January 7, 1997; 95(1): 5 - 7. [Full Text]
|
|