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(Circulation. 1995;92:2142-2150.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Dietary Antioxidants and Carotid Artery Wall Thickness
The ARIC Study
From the Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis (S.B.K., H.P.-R.); the Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md (T.S.); the Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics (B.D., M.C.), and the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (G.H.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (J.H.E.); and the Department of Public Health Sciences, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (G.S.T.).
Background Evidence that dietary antioxidants may prevent
atherosclerotic disease is growing. The relationship between the intake
of dietary and supplemental vitamin C, 
-tocopherol,
and provitamin A carotenoids and average carotid artery wall thickness
was studied in 6318 female and 4989 male participants 45 to 64 years
old in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities
Study.
Methods and Results Intake was assessed by use of a 66-item
semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Carotid artery
intima-media wall thickness was measured as an indicator of
atherosclerosis at multiple sites with B-mode
ultrasound. Among men and women >55 years old who had not recently
begun a special diet, there was a significant inverse relationship
between vitamin C intake and average artery wall thickness adjusted for
age, body mass index, fasting serum glucose, systolic and
diastolic blood pressures, HDL and LDL
cholesterol, total caloric intake, cigarette use, race, and
education (test for linear trend across quintiles of intake,
P=.019 for women and P=.035 for men). An
inverse
relationship was also seen between wall thickness and
-tocopherol intake but was significant only in women
(test for linear trend, P=.033 for women and
P=.13 for men). There was a significant inverse association
between carotene intake and wall thickness in older men (test for
linear trend, P=.015), but the association weakened after
adjustment for potential confounders. No significant relationships were
seen in participants <55 years old.
Conclusions These data provide limited support for the hypothesis
that dietary vitamin C and -tocopherol may protect
against atherosclerotic disease, especially in individuals >55 years
old.
Key Words: antioxidants • diet • carotid arteries • atherosclerosis
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