(Circulation. 1995;92:1393-1398.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Interstitial Collagenase (MMP-1) Expression in Human Carotid Atherosclerosis
From the Departments of Surgery (T.H., A.W.C.), Medicine (K.D.O.), and Pathology (M.F., C.E.A.), University of Washington, Seattle; the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine at the Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Mo (H.G.W.); and the Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Tampere (Finland) Medical School (S.T.N.).
Correspondence to Alexander W. Clowes, MD, Professor, Department of Surgery, RF-25, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. E-mail clowes@u.washington.edu.
Background In human atherosclerosis, most clinical events occur when plaque integrity is compromised and hemorrhage and thrombosis result. One mechanism for this might be the release by plaque cells of matrix-degrading proteases, such as interstitial collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1, MMP-1), which degrades two major plaque structural proteins, types I and III collagen. This study was undertaken to determine whether MMP-1 is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques.
Methods and Results To determine the cellular source and location of MMP-1 in human carotid atherosclerotic lesions, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were performed on 20 endarterectomy specimens. Six nonatherosclerotic carotid arteries also were studied. Intense MMP-1 expression (mRNA and protein) was detected in a subset of plaque macrophages located at the borders of the lipid cores adjacent to fibrous caps and shoulder regions. Subsets of plaque smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells also expressed MMP-1. There was a strong correlation between the percentage of the lipid core occupied by hemorrhage and the percentage of the lipid core perimeter positive for MMP-1 (r=.823, P=.0001). MMP-1 was not detected in any cell type in nonatherosclerotic carotid arteries.
Conclusions This study demonstrates that MMP-1 is expressed by several cell types in human carotid atherosclerosis and that there is a correlation between the expression of the protease and histopathological evidence of plaque instability. Since MMP-1 may degrade the major structural collagens of the plaque, expression of the protease by macrophages in regions critical to plaque integrity could contribute to plaque expansion, rupture, and hemorrhage.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • collagenase
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R. Brandl, T. Richter, K. Haug, M. G. Wilhelm, P. C. Maurer, and W. Nathrath Topographic Analysis of Proliferative Activity in Carotid Endarterectomy Specimens by Immunocytochemical Detection of the Cell Cycle–Related Antigen Ki-67 Circulation, November 18, 1997; 96(10): 3360 - 3368. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. T. Lee and P. Libby The Unstable Atheroma Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 1997; 17(10): 1859 - 1867. [Full Text]
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K. Kaikita, H. Ogawa, H. Yasue, M. Takeya, K. Takahashi, T. Saito, K. Hayasaki, K. Horiuchi, A. Takizawa, Y. Kamikubo, et al. Tissue Factor Expression on Macrophages in Coronary Plaques in Patients with Unstable Angina Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 1997; 17(10): 2232 - 2237. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. E. Webb, A. M. Henney, S. Anglin, S. E. Humphries, and J. R. McEwan Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitor TIMP-1 in the Rat Carotid Artery After Balloon Injury Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 1997; 17(9): 1837 - 1844. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Yuan, C. Petty, K. D. O'Brien, T. S. Hatsukami, J. F. Eary, and B. G. Brown In Vitro and In Situ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Features of Atherosclerotic Plaque-Associated Lipids Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 1997; 17(8): 1496 - 1503. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. A. R. Doyle, R. A. Pierce, and W. C. Parks Transcriptional Induction of Collagenase-1 in Differentiated Monocyte-like (U937) Cells is Regulated by AP-1 and an Upstream C/EBP-beta Site J. Biol. Chem., May 2, 1997; 272(18): 11840 - 11849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. D. Coats, P. Whittaker, D. T. Cheung, J. W. Currier, B. Han, and D. P. Faxon Collagen Content Is Significantly Lower in Restenotic Versus Nonrestenotic Vessels After Balloon Angioplasty in the Atherosclerotic Rabbit Model Circulation, March 4, 1997; 95(5): 1293 - 1300. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. Forough, N. Koyama, D. Hasenstab, H. Lea, M. Clowes, S. T. Nikkari, and A. W. Clowes Overexpression of Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Functions In Vitro and In Vivo Circ. Res., October 1, 1996; 79(4): 812 - 820. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Ye, P. Eriksson, A. Hamsten, M. Kurkinen, S. E. Humphries, and A. M. Henney Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis Is Associated with a Common Genetic Variant of the Human Stromelysin-1 Promoter Which Results in Reduced Gene Expression J. Biol. Chem., May 31, 1996; 271(22): 13055 - 13060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. W. Feinberg, M. K. Jain, F. Werner, N. E. S. Sibinga, P. Wiesel, H. Wang, J. N. Topper, M. A. Perrella, and M.-E. Lee Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 Inhibits Cytokine-mediated Induction of Human Metalloelastase in Macrophages J. Biol. Chem., August 11, 2000; 275(33): 25766 - 25773. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. a. Belaaouaj, A. Li, T.-C. Wun, H. G. Welgus, and S. D. Shapiro Matrix Metalloproteinases Cleave Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor. EFFECTS ON COAGULATION J. Biol. Chem., August 25, 2000; 275(35): 27123 - 27128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Li, L. H. Chow, and J. G. Pickering Cell Surface-bound Collagenase-1 and Focal Substrate Degradation Stimulate the Rear Release of Motile Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells J. Biol. Chem., November 3, 2000; 275(45): 35384 - 35392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. Fu, S. Y. Kassim, W. C. Parks, and J. W. Heinecke Hypochlorous Acid Oxygenates the Cysteine Switch Domain of Pro-matrilysin (MMP-7). A MECHANISM FOR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE ACTIVATION AND ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE RUPTURE BY MYELOPEROXIDASE J. Biol. Chem., October 26, 2001; 276(44): 41279 - 41287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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