| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 1995;92:1117-1125.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Regional Heterogeneity of Human Myocardial Infarcts Demonstrated by Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Potential Mechanisms
From the Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, and the Division of Thoracic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Department of Radiology, of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md.
Correspondence to Joao A.C. Lima, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Carnegie 568, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287.
Background Myocardial reperfusion is pivotal to the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. In these patients, coronary flow is generally assessed by angiography and tissue perfusion by tracer scintigraphy. This study was designed to examine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information on myocardial perfusion and damage beyond that supplied by angiography and thallium scintigraphy after acute myocardial infarction.
Methods and Results Twenty-two patients with recent myocardial infarction had ECG, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and fast contrast-enhanced MRI. Twelve patients also had exercise thallium scintigraphy. Time-intensity curves obtained from infarcted and noninfarcted regions were correlated with coronary anatomy and left ventricular function. Two perfusion patterns were observed in infarcted regions by comparison with the normal myocardial pattern. All patients but 1 had persistent myocardial hyperenhancement within the infarcted region up to 10 minutes after contrast. In 10 patients, this hyperenhanced region surrounded a subendocardial area of decreased signal at the center of the infarcted region associated with coronary occlusion at angiography, Q waves on ECG, and greater regional dysfunction by echocardiography. Moreover, the extent and location of the MRI abnormalities correlated well with the extent and location of the fixed single-photon emission computed tomography thallium defects.
Conclusions Large human infarcts, associated with prolonged obstruction of the infarct-related artery, are characterized by central dark zones surrounded by hyperenhanced regions on MRI. Conversely, reperfused infarcts with less regional dysfunction have uniform signal hyperenhancement. The MRI hyperenhanced segment correlates well with the fixed scintigraphic defect in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Key Words: reperfusion • edema • magnetic resonance imaging • myocardial infarction
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  Y. Mikami, H. Sakuma, M. Nagata, M. Ishida, T. Kurita, I. Komuro, and M. Ito Relation Between Signal Intensity on T2-Weighted MR Images and Presence of Microvascular Obstruction in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Am. J. Roentgenol., October 1, 2009; 193(4): W321 - W326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. E. R. McLure and A. J. Peacock Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of the heart and pulmonary circulation in pulmonary hypertension Eur. Respir. J., June 1, 2009; 33(6): 1454 - 1466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. M. Aliot, W. G. Stevenson, J. M. Almendral-Garrote, F. Bogun, C. H. Calkins, E. Delacretaz, P. D. Bella, G. Hindricks, P. Jais, M. E. Josephson, et al. EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias: Developed in a partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a Registered Branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) Europace, June 1, 2009; 11(6): 771 - 817. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Nazarian, D. A. Bluemke, and H. R. Halperin Applications of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Electrophysiology Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, February 1, 2009; 2(1): 63 - 71. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Nijveldt, M. B. M. Hofman, A. Hirsch, A. M. Beek, V. A. W. M. Umans, P. R. Algra, J. J. Piek, and A. C. van Rossum Assessment of Microvascular Obstruction and Prediction of Short-term Remodeling after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac MR Imaging Study Radiology, February 1, 2009; 250(2): 363 - 370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-Y. M. Su, B.-C. Lee, Y.-W. Wu, H.-Y. Yu, W.-C. Chu, and W.-Y. I. Tseng Perfusion of Residual Viable Myocardium in Nontransmural Infarct Zone after Intervention: MR Quantitative Myocardial Blood Flow Measurement Radiology, December 1, 2008; 249(3): 820 - 828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T BRAHMBHATT, P HARI, M CINQUEGRANI, N KUMAR, R KOMOROWSKI, and R Q MIGRINO Delayed enhancement on cardiac MRI in a patient with multiple myeloma without amyloidosis Br. J. Radiol., November 1, 2008; 81(971): e272 - e275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. B. Sozzi, L. Iacuzio, F. Civaia, and V. Dor Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging guided decision making after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-elevation inferior myocardial infarction. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., August 1, 2008; 34(2): 463 - 465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Nijveldt, A. M. Beek, A. Hirsch, M. G. Stoel, M. B.M. Hofman, V. A.W.M. Umans, P. R. Algra, J. W.R. Twisk, and A. C. van Rossum Functional recovery after acute myocardial infarction comparison between angiography, electrocardiography, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures of microvascular injury. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 15, 2008; 52(3): 181 - 189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Saremi, J. D. Grizzard, and R. J. Kim Optimizing Cardiac MR Imaging: Practical Remedies for Artifacts1 RadioGraphics, July 1, 2008; 28(4): 1161 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Hirsch, R. Nijveldt, J. D.E. Haeck, A. M. Beek, K. T. Koch, J. P.S. Henriques, R. J. van der Schaaf, M. M. Vis, J. Baan Jr, R. J. de Winter, et al. Relation between the assessment of microvascular injury by cardiovascular magnetic resonance and coronary Doppler flow velocity measurements in patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 10, 2008; 51(23): 2230 - 2238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Rochitte Microvascular obstruction the final frontier for a complete myocardial reperfusion. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 10, 2008; 51(23): 2239 - 2240. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E Wu, J T Ortiz, P Tejedor, D C Lee, C Bucciarelli-Ducci, P Kansal, J C Carr, T A Holly, D Lloyd-Jones, F J Klocke, et al. Infarct size by contrast enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance is a stronger predictor of outcomes than left ventricular ejection fraction or end-systolic volume index: prospective cohort study Heart, June 1, 2008; 94(6): 730 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. G. Friedrich, H. Abdel-Aty, A. Taylor, J. Schulz-Menger, D. Messroghli, and R. Dietz The salvaged area at risk in reperfused acute myocardial infarction as visualized by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 22, 2008; 51(16): 1581 - 1587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Nieman, M. D. Shapiro, M. Ferencik, C. H. Nomura, S. Abbara, U. Hoffmann, H. K. Gold, I.-K. Jang, T. J. Brady, and R. C. Cury Reperfused Myocardial Infarction: Contrast-enhanced 64-Section CT in Comparison to MR Imaging Radiology, April 1, 2008; 247(1): 49 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Dickfeld, P. Lei, V. Dilsizian, J. Jeudy, J. Dong, A. Voudouris, R. Peters, M. Saba, R. Shekhar, and S. Shorofsky Integration of three-dimensional scar maps for ventricular tachycardia ablation with positron emission tomography-computed tomography. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img., January 1, 2008; 1(1): 73 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F Younger, S. Plein, J. Barth, J. P Ridgway, S. G Ball, and J. P Greenwood Troponin-I concentration 72 h after myocardial infarction correlates with infarct size and presence of microvascular obstruction Heart, December 1, 2007; 93(12): 1547 - 1551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. R. S. Fernandes, K. C. Wu, B. D. Rosen, A. Schmidt, A. C. Lardo, N. Osman, H. R. Halperin, G. Tomaselli, R. Berger, D. A. Bluemke, et al. Enhanced Infarct Border Zone Function and Altered Mechanical Activation Predict Inducibility of Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Radiology, December 1, 2007; 245(3): 712 - 719. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Vartdal, H. Brunvand, E. Pettersen, H.-J. Smith, E. Lyseggen, T. Helle-Valle, H. Skulstad, H. Ihlen, and T. Edvardsen Early Prediction of Infarct Size by Strain Doppler Echocardiography After Coronary Reperfusion J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 24, 2007; 49(16): 1715 - 1721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Harris, T. R. Johnson, P. M. Weinberg, and M. A. Fogel Delayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance identifies fibrous tissue in children after surgery for congenital heart disease J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., March 1, 2007; 133(3): 676 - 681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Finn, K. Nael, V. Deshpande, O. Ratib, and G. Laub Cardiac MR Imaging: State of the Technology. Radiology, November 1, 2006; 241(2): 338 - 354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. L. Raff, W. W. O'Neill, R. E. Gentry, A. Dulli, K. G. Bis, A. N. Shetty, and J. A. Goldstein Microvascular Obstruction and Myocardial Function after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Assessment by Using Contrast-enhanced Cine MR Imaging. Radiology, August 1, 2006; 240(2): 529 - 536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. L. Gerber, B. Belge, G. J. Legros, P. Lim, A. Poncelet, A. Pasquet, G. Gisellu, E. Coche, and J.-L. J. Vanoverschelde Characterization of Acute and Chronic Myocardial Infarcts by Multidetector Computed Tomography: Comparison With Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Circulation, February 14, 2006; 113(6): 823 - 833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Lardo, M. A.S. Cordeiro, C. Silva, L. C. Amado, R. T. George, A. P. Saliaris, K. H. Schuleri, V. R. Fernandes, M. Zviman, S. Nazarian, et al. Contrast-Enhanced Multidetector Computed Tomography Viability Imaging After Myocardial Infarction: Characterization of Myocyte Death, Microvascular Obstruction, and Chronic Scar Circulation, January 24, 2006; 113(3): 394 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Dickfeld, R. Kato, M. Zviman, S. Lai, G. Meininger, A. C. Lardo, A. Roguin, D. Blumke, R. Berger, H. Calkins, et al. Characterization of Radiofrequency Ablation Lesions With Gadolinium-Enhanced Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 17, 2006; 47(2): 370 - 378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Nazarian, D. A. Bluemke, A. C. Lardo, M. M. Zviman, S. P. Watkins, T. L. Dickfeld, G. R. Meininger, A. Roguin, H. Calkins, G. F. Tomaselli, et al. Magnetic Resonance Assessment of the Substrate for Inducible Ventricular Tachycardia in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Circulation, November 1, 2005; 112(18): 2821 - 2825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Tarantini, L. Cacciavillani, F. Corbetti, A. Ramondo, M. P. Marra, E. Bacchiega, M. Napodano, C. Bilato, R. Razzolini, and S. Iliceto Duration of Ischemia Is a Major Determinant of Transmurality and Severe Microvascular Obstruction After Primary Angioplasty: A Study Performed With Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 4, 2005; 46(7): 1229 - 1235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. G. Blyth, B. A. Groenning, T. N. Martin, J. E. Foster, P. B. Mark, H. J. Dargie, and A. J. Peacock Contrast enhanced-cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients with pulmonary hypertension Eur. Heart J., October 1, 2005; 26(19): 1993 - 1999. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H Bulow, C Klein, I Kuehn, R Hollweck, S G Nekolla, K Schreiber, F Haas, J Bohm, B Schnackenburg, R Lange, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: long term reproducibility of the late enhancement signal in patients with chronic coronary artery disease Heart, September 1, 2005; 91(9): 1158 - 1163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Budoff, M. C. Cohen, M. J. Garcia, J. McB. Hodgson, W. G. Hundley, J. A.C. Lima, W. J. Manning, G. M. Pohost, P. M. Raggi, G. P. Rodgers, et al. ACCF/AHA Clinical Competence Statement on Cardiac Imaging With Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association/American College of Physicians Task Force on Clinical Competence and Training J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 19, 2005; 46(2): 383 - 402. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Fuster and R. J. Kim Frontiers in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Circulation, July 5, 2005; 112(1): 135 - 144. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. K. F. Foo, V. B. Ho, M. Saranathan, L.-q. Cheng, H. Sakuma, D. L. Kraitchman, K. C. Wu, and D. A. Bluemke Feasibility of Integrating High-Spatial-Resolution 3D Breath-hold Coronary MR Angiography with Myocardial Perfusion and Viability Examinations Radiology, June 1, 2005; 235(3): 1025 - 1030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Slomka, D. Fieno, L. Thomson, J. D. Friedman, S. W. Hayes, G. Germano, and D. S. Berman Automatic Detection and Size Quantification of Infarcts by Myocardial Perfusion SPECT: Clinical Validation by Delayed-Enhancement MRI J. Nucl. Med., May 1, 2005; 46(5): 728 - 735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Hombach, O. Grebe, N. Merkle, S. Waldenmaier, M. Hoher, M. Kochs, J. Wohrle, and H. A. Kestler Sequelae of acute myocardial infarction regarding cardiac structure and function and their prognostic significance as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2005; 26(6): 549 - 557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ibrahim, S. G. Nekolla, M. Hornke, H. P. Bulow, J. Dirschinger, A. Schomig, and M. Schwaiger Quantitative measurement of infarct size by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging early after acute myocardial infarction: Comparison with single-photon emission tomography using Tc99m-sestamibi J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 15, 2005; 45(4): 544 - 552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Y. Kwong and R. H. Falk Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Cardiac Amyloidosis Circulation, January 18, 2005; 111(2): 122 - 124. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. Amado, B. L. Gerber, S. N. Gupta, D. W. Rettmann, G. Szarf, R. Schock, K. Nasir, D. L. Kraitchman, and J. A.C. Lima Accurate and objective infarct sizing by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in a canine myocardial infarction model J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 21, 2004; 44(12): 2383 - 2389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Garot, J. A. C. Lima, B. L. Gerber, S. Sampath, K. C. Wu, D. A. Bluemke, J. L. Prince, and N. F. Osman Spatially Resolved Imaging of Myocardial Function with Strain-encoded MR: Comparison with Delayed Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging after Myocardial Infarction Radiology, November 1, 2004; 233(2): 596 - 602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A.C. Lima and M. Y. Desai Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: Current and emerging applications J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 15, 2004; 44(6): 1164 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R. Edelman Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging of the Heart: Overview of the Literature Radiology, September 1, 2004; 232(3): 653 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. F. Azevedo, L. C. Amado, D. L. Kraitchman, B. L. Gerber, N. F. Osman, C. E. Rochitte, T. Edvardsen, and J. A.C. Lima Persistent diastolic dysfunction despite complete systolic functional recovery after reperfused acute myocardial infarction demonstrated by tagged magnetic resonance imaging Eur. Heart J., August 2, 2004; 25(16): 1419 - 1427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cochet, M. Zeller, Y. Cottin, C. Robert-Valla, A. Lalande, I. L'Huilllier, A. Comte, P. M. Walker, J. Desgres, J.-E. Wolf, et al. The extent of myocardial damage assessed by contrast-enhanced MRI is a major determinant of N-BNP concentration after myocardial infarction Eur J Heart Fail, August 1, 2004; 6(5): 555 - 560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Muthupillai, S. D. Flamm, J. M. Wilson, R. I. Pettigrew, and W. T. Dixon Acute Myocardial Infarction: Tissue Characterization with T1{rho}-weighted MR Imaging--Initial Experience Radiology, August 1, 2004; 232(2): 606 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. K. Lund, A. Stork, M. Saeed, M. P. Bansmann, J. H. Gerken, V. Muller, J. Mester, C. B. Higgins, G. Adam, and T. Meinertz Acute Myocardial Infarction: Evaluation with First-Pass Enhancement and Delayed Enhancement MR Imaging Compared with 201Tl SPECT Imaging Radiology, July 1, 2004; 232(1): 49 - 57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Abdel-Aty, A. Zagrosek, J. Schulz-Menger, A. J. Taylor, D. Messroghli, A. Kumar, M. Gross, R. Dietz, and M. G. Friedrich Delayed Enhancement and T2-Weighted Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Differentiate Acute From Chronic Myocardial Infarction Circulation, May 25, 2004; 109(20): 2411 - 2416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.R. Underwood, J. J Bax, J. v. Dahl, M. Y Henein, A. C van Rossum, E. R Schwarz, J.-L. Vanoverschelde, E. E.v. d. Wall, and W. Wijns Imaging techniques for the assessment of myocardial hibernation: Report of a Study Group of the European Society of Cardiology Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2004; 25(10): 815 - 836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. Amado, D. L. Kraitchman, B. L. Gerber, E. Castillo, R. C. Boston, J. Grayzel, and J. A. C. Lima Reduction of "no-reflow" phenomenon by intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in a randomized magnetic resonance imaging experimental study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 7, 2004; 43(7): 1291 - 1298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Shan, G. Constantine, M. Sivananthan, and S. D. Flamm Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Myocardial Viability Circulation, March 23, 2004; 109(11): 1328 - 1334. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. K. F. Foo, D. W. Stanley, E. Castillo, C. E. Rochitte, Y. Wang, J. A. C. Lima, D. A. Bluemke, and K. C. Wu Myocardial Viability: Breath-hold 3D MR Imaging of Delayed Hyperenhancement with Variable Sampling in Time Radiology, March 1, 2004; 230(3): 845 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Wu and J. A.C. Lima Noninvasive Imaging of Myocardial Viability: Current Techniques and Future Developments Circ. Res., December 12, 2003; 93(12): 1146 - 1158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Beek, H. P. Kuhl, O. Bondarenko, J. W. R. Twisk, M. B. M. Hofman, W. G. van Dockum, C. A. Visser, and A. C. van Rossum Delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the prediction of regional functional improvement after acute myocardial infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 3, 2003; 42(5): 895 - 901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. C. Lima Myocardial viability assessment by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 3, 2003; 42(5): 902 - 904. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Kim and R. M. Judd Gadolinium-Enhancedmagnetic resonance imagingin hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: In vivo imaging of the pathologic substrate for premature cardiac death? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 7, 2003; 41(9): 1568 - 1572. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Flacke, J. S. Allen, J. M. Chia, J. H. Wible, M. P. Periasamy, M. D. Adams, I. K. Adzamli, and C. H. Lorenz Characterization of Viable and Nonviable Myocardium at MR Imaging: Comparison of Gadolinium-based Extracellular and Blood Pool Contrast Materials versus Manganese-based Contrast Materials in a Rat Myocardial Infarction Model Radiology, March 1, 2003; 226(3): 731 - 738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Lee, H. W. Goo, S. B. Park, C. H. Lim, G. Gong, J. B. Seo, and T.-H. Lim MR Imaging of Reperfused Myocardial Infarction: Comparison of Necrosis-Specific and Intravascular Contrast Agents in a Cat Model Radiology, March 1, 2003; 226(3): 739 - 747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-P. Laissy, B. Messin, O. Varenne, B. Iung, D. Karila-Cohen, E. Schouman-Claeys, and P. G. Steg MRI of Acute Myocarditis: A Comprehensive Approach Based on Various Imaging Sequences Chest, November 1, 2002; 122(5): 1638 - 1648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. L. Gerber, J. Garot, D. A. Bluemke, K. C. Wu, and J. A.C. Lima Accuracy of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting Improvement of Regional Myocardial Function in Patients After Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, August 27, 2002; 106(9): 1083 - 1089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. C. Perin, G. V. Silva, R. Sarmento-Leite, A. L.S. Sousa, M. Howell, R. Muthupillai, B. Lambert, W. K. Vaughn, and S. D. Flamm Assessing Myocardial Viability and Infarct Transmurality With Left Ventricular Electromechanical Mapping in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Validation by Delayed-Enhancement Magnetic Resonance Imaging Circulation, August 20, 2002; 106(8): 957 - 961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Kumbasar, K. C. Wu, I. R. Kamel, J. A. C. Lima, and D. A. Bluemke Left Ventricular True Aneurysm: Diagnosis of Myocardial Viability Shown on MR Imaging Am. J. Roentgenol., August 1, 2002; 179(2): 472 - 474. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Mahrholdt, A. Wagner, R.M. Judd, and U. Sechtem Assessment of myocardial viability by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2002; 23(8): 602 - 619. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. W. Sandstede, T. Pabst, M. Beer, C. Lipke, K. Baurle, F. Butter, K. Harre, W. Kenn, W. Voelker, S. Neubauer, et al. Assessment of Myocardial Infarction in Humans with 23Na MR Imaging: Comparison with Cine MR Imaging and Delayed Contrast Enhancement Radiology, October 1, 2001; 221(1): 222 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. L. Gerber, C. E. Rochitte, D. A. Bluemke, J. A. Melin, P. Crosille, L. C. Becker, and J. A.C. Lima Relation Between Gd-DTPA Contrast Enhancement and Regional Inotropic Response in the Periphery and Center of Myocardial Infarction Circulation, August 28, 2001; 104(9): 998 - 1004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Yeon, N. Reichek, B. A. Tallant, J. A. C. Lima, L. P. Calhoun, N. R. Clark, E. A. Hoffman, K. K. L. Ho, and L. Axel Validation of in vivo myocardial strain measurement by magnetic resonance tagging with sonomicrometry J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2001; 38(2): 555 - 561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Reeder, Y. P. Du, J. A. C. Lima, and D. A. Bluemke Advanced Cardiac MR Imaging of Ischemic Heart Disease RadioGraphics, July 1, 2001; 21(4): 1047 - 1074. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J C Nilsson, G Nielsen, B A Groenning, T Fritz-Hansen, L Sondergaard, G B Jensen, and H B W Larsson Sustained postinfarction myocardial oedema in humans visualised by magnetic resonance imaging Heart, June 1, 2001; 85(6): 639 - 642. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Sechtem Imaging myocardial area at risk and final infarct size Eur. Heart J. Suppl., June 1, 2001; 3(suppl_C): C36 - C46. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Saeed New Concepts in Characterization of Ischemically Injured Myocardium by MRI Experimental Biology and Medicine, May 1, 2001; 226(5): 367 - 376. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Flacke, S. E. Fischer, and C. H. Lorenz Measurement of the Gadopentetate Dimeglumine Partition Coefficient in Human Myocardium in Vivo: Normal Distribution and Elevation in Acute and Chronic Infarction Radiology, March 1, 2001; 218(3): 703 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Saeed, G. Lund, M. F. Wendland, J. Bremerich, H.-J. Weinmann, and C. B. Higgins Magnetic Resonance Characterization of the Peri-Infarction Zone of Reperfused Myocardial Infarction With Necrosis-Specific and Extracellular Nonspecific Contrast Media Circulation, February 13, 2001; 103(6): 871 - 876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Wolf, L. Gepstein, G. Hayam, A. Zaretzky, R. Shofty, D. Kirshenbaum, G. Uretzky, U. Oron, and S. A. Ben-Haim Three-dimensional endocardial impedance mapping: a new approach for myocardial infarction assessment Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): H179 - H188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. P. Simonetti, R. J. Kim, D. S. Fieno, H. B. Hillenbrand, E. Wu, J. M. Bundy, J. P. Finn, and R. M. Judd An Improved MR Imaging Technique for the Visualization of Myocardial Infarction Radiology, January 1, 2001; 218(1): 215 - 223. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Lauerma, P. Niemi, H. Hänninen, T. Janatuinen, L.-M. Voipio-Pulkki, J. Knuuti, L. Toivonen, T. Mäkelä, M. A. Mäkijärvi, and H. J. Aronen Multimodality MR Imaging Assessment of Myocardial Viability: Combination of First-Pass and Late Contrast Enhancement to Wall Motion Dynamics and Comparison with FDG PET-Initial Experience Radiology, December 1, 2000; 217(3): 729 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Kim, E. Wu, A. Rafael, E.-L. Chen, M. A. Parker, O. Simonetti, F. J. Klocke, R. O. Bonow, and R. M. Judd The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Identify Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction N. Engl. J. Med., November 16, 2000; 343(20): 1445 - 1453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Kramer, W. J. Rogers Jr., S. Mankad, T. M. Theobald, D. L. Pakstis, and Y.-L. Hu Contractile reserve and contrast uptake pattern by magnetic resonance imaging and functional recovery after reperfused myocardial infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 2000; 36(6): 1835 - 1840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Rochitte, R. J. Kim, H. B. Hillenbrand, E.-l. Chen, and J. A. C. Lima Microvascular Integrity and the Time Course of Myocardial Sodium Accumulation After Acute Infarction Circ. Res., October 13, 2000; 87(8): 648 - 655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Rajappan, N. G. Bellenger, L. Anderson, and D. J. Pennell The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in heart failure Eur J Heart Fail, September 1, 2000; 2(3): 241 - 252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. L. Gerber, C. E. Rochitte, J. A. Melin, E. R. McVeigh, D. A. Bluemke, K. C. Wu, L. C. Becker, and J. A. C. Lima Microvascular Obstruction and Left Ventricular Remodeling Early After Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, June 13, 2000; 101(23): 2734 - 2741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. W. Sandstede, C. Lipke, M. Beer, K. Harre, T. Pabst, W. Kenn, S. Neubauer, and D. Hahn Analysis of First-Pass and Delayed Contrast-Enhancement Patterns of Dysfunctional Myocardium on MR Imaging: Use in the Prediction of Myocardial Viability Am. J. Roentgenol., June 1, 2000; 174(6): 1737 - 1740. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Duerinckx Myocardial Viability Using MR Imaging: Is It Ready for Clinical Use? Am. J. Roentgenol., June 1, 2000; 174(6): 1741 - 1743. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Arheden, M. Saeed, C. B. Higgins, D.-W. Gao, P. C. Ursell, J. Bremerich, R. Wyttenbach, M. W. Dae, and M. F. Wendland Reperfused Rat Myocardium Subjected to Various Durations of Ischemia: Estimation of the Distribution Volume of Contrast Material with Echo-planar MR Imaging Radiology, May 1, 2000; 215(2): 520 - 528. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. R. Sensky, A. Jivan, N. M. Hudson, R. P. Keal, B. Morgan, J. L. Tranter, D. de Bono, N. J. Samani, and G. R. Cherryman Coronary Artery Disease: Combined Stress MR Imaging Protocol-One-Stop Evaluation of Myocardial Perfusion and Function Radiology, May 1, 2000; 215(2): 608 - 614. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Kim, D. S. Fieno, T. B. Parrish, K. Harris, E.-L. Chen, O. Simonetti, J. Bundy, J. P. Finn, F. J. Klocke, and R. M. Judd Relationship of MRI Delayed Contrast Enhancement to Irreversible Injury, Infarct Age, and Contractile Function Circulation, November 9, 1999; 100(19): 1992 - 2002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Arheden, M. Saeed, C. B. Higgins, D.-W. Gao, J. Bremerich, R. Wyttenbach, M. W. Dae, and M. F. Wendland Measurement of the Distribution Volume of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine at Echo-planar MR Imaging to Quantify Myocardial Infarction: Comparison with 99mTc-DTPA Autoradiography in Rats Radiology, June 1, 1999; 211(3): 698 - 708. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. J. Rogers Jr, C. M. Kramer, G. Geskin, Y.-L. Hu, T. M. Theobald, D. A. Vido, S. Petruolo, and N. Reichek Early Contrast-Enhanced MRI Predicts Late Functional Recovery After Reperfused Myocardial Infarction Circulation, February 16, 1999; 99(6): 744 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Ramani, R. M. Judd, T. A. Holly, T. B. Parrish, V. H. Rigolin, M. A. Parker, C. Callahan, S. W. Fitzgerald, R. O. Bonow, and F. J. Klocke Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Myocardial Viability in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction Circulation, December 15, 1998; 98(24): 2687 - 2694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. C. Wu, R. J. Kim, D. A. Bluemke, C. E. Rochitte, E. A. Zerhouni, L. C. Becker, and J. A. C. Lima Quantification and time course of microvascular obstruction by contrast-enhanced echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging following acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1998; 32(6): 1756 - 1764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. D. Kasprzak, W. B. Vletter, J. R.T.C. Roelandt, J. R. van Meegen, R. Johnson, and F. J. Ten Cate Visualization and quantification of myocardial mass at risk using three-dimensional contrast echocardiography Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 1998; 40(2): 314 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Rochitte, J. A. C. Lima, D. A. Bluemke, S. B. Reeder, E. R. McVeigh, T. Furuta, L. C. Becker, and J. A. Melin Magnitude and Time Course of Microvascular Obstruction and Tissue Injury After Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, September 8, 1998; 98(10): 1006 - 1014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Geskin, C. M. Kramer, W. J. Rogers, T. M. Theobald, D. Pakstis, Y.-L. Hu, and N. Reichek Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Viability After Infarction by Dobutamine Magnetic Resonance Tagging Circulation, July 21, 1998; 98(3): 217 - 223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|