Circulation, Vol 86, 1194-1205, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
WH Lamers, A Wessels, FJ Verbeek, AF Moorman, S Viragh, AC Wenink, AC Gittenberger-de Groot and RH Anderson
BACKGROUND. The mechanics involved in development of the inlet component of
the morphologically right ventricle are, as yet, undecided. Some argue that
this component is derived from the descending limb of the ventricular loop,
and that the inlet and apical trabecular components of the muscular
ventricular septum have separate developmental origins. Others state that
the entirety of the right ventricle grows from the ascending limb of the
loop, and that the muscular septum, apart from its outer component, has a
unitary origin. We now have material from human embryos at our disposal,
which, we believe, solves this conundrum. METHODS AND RESULTS. We used a
monoclonal antibody against an antigen to neural tissue from the chick to
demarcate a ring of cells separating the descending (inlet) and ascending
(outlet) limbs of the developing ventricular loop of the human heart.
Preparation of serial sections of graded human embryos enabled us to trace
the fate of this ring, and hence the formation of the inlet of the right
ventricle, to the completion of cardiac septation. Eight embryos were
studied, encompassing stages 14-23 of the Carnegie classification. The ring
of cells initially separating the ascending and descending limbs of the
ventricular loop were, at the conclusion of ventricular septation, located
within the atrioventricular junction, sequestrated for the most part in the
terminal segment of atrial myocardium. CONCLUSIONS. Our study conclusively
shows that the inlet component of the morphologically right ventricle is
derived from the ascending limb of the embryonic ventricular loop, and that
the inlet and apical trabecular components of the muscular septum are
derived from the same primary ventricular septum.
ARTICLES
New findings concerning ventricular septation in the human heart. Implications for maldevelopment
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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