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Circulation, Vol 85, 2119-2131, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association
AJ Coats, S Adamopoulos, A Radaelli, A McCance, TE Meyer, L Bernardi, PL Solda, P Davey, O Ormerod and C Forfar
BACKGROUND. Many secondary abnormalities in chronic heart failure (CHF) may
reflect physical deconditioning. There has been no prospective, controlled
study of the effects of physical training on hemodynamics and autonomic
function in CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS. In a controlled crossover trial of 8
weeks of exercise training, 17 men with stable moderate to severe CHF (age,
61.8 +/- 1.5 years; left ventricular ejection fraction, 19.6 +/- 2.3%),
increased exercise tolerance (13.9 +/- 1.0 to 16.5 +/- 1.0 minutes, p less
than 0.001), and peak oxygen uptake (13.2 +/- 0.9 to 15.6 +/- 1.0
ml/kg/min, p less than 0.01) significantly compared with controls. Training
increased cardiac output at submaximal (5.9-6.7 l/min, p less than 0.05)
and peak exercise (6.3- 7.1 l/min, p less than 0.05), with a significant
reduction in systemic vascular resistance. Training reduced minute
ventilation and the slope relating minute ventilation to carbon dioxide
production (-10.5%, p less than 0.05). Sympathovagal balance was altered by
physical training when assessed by three methods: 1) RR variability
(+19.2%, p less than 0.05); 2) autoregressive power spectral analysis of
the resting ECG divided into low-frequency (-21.2%, p less than 0.01) and
high- frequency (+51.3%, p less than 0.05) components; and 3) whole-body
radiolabeled norepinephrine spillover (-16%, p less than 0.05). These
measurements all showed a significant shift away from sympathetic toward
enhanced vagal activity after training. CONCLUSIONS. Carefully selected
patients with moderate to severe CHF can achieve significant, worthwhile
improvements with exercise training. Physical deconditioning may be partly
responsible for some of the associated abnormalities and exercise
limitation of CHF, including abnormalities in autonomic balance.
ARTICLES
Controlled trial of physical training in chronic heart failure. Exercise performance, hemodynamics, ventilation, and autonomic function
Department of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
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M. Horan, F. Barrett, M. Mulqueen, B. Maurer, P. Quigley, and K. M. McDonald The basics of heart failure management: are they being ignored? Eur J Heart Fail, March 1, 2000; 2(1): 101 - 105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Mancini, A. Benaminovitz, M. E. Cordisco, W. Karmally, and A. Weinberg Slowed glycogen utilization enhances exercise endurance in patients with heart failure J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1999; 34(6): 1807 - 1812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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I. A Paraskevaidis, D. P Tsiapras, S. Adamopoulos, and D. T. Kremastinos Assessment of the functional status of heart failure in non ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: an echo-dobutamine study Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 1999; 43(1): 58 - 66. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R.P. Wielenga, I.A. Huisveld, E. Bol, P.H.J.M. Dunselman, R.A.M. Erdman, M.R.P. Baselier, and W.L. Mosterd Safety and effects of physical training in chronic heart failure. Results of the Chronic Heart Failure and Graded Exercise study (CHANGE): (CHANGE) Eur. Heart J., June 2, 1999; 20(12): 872 - 879. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C.F. Notarius, S. Ando, G.A. Rongen, and J.S. Floras Resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity and peak oxygen uptake in heart failure and normal subjects Eur. Heart J., June 2, 1999; 20(12): 880 - 887. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. R. Wilson, S. Hanamanthu, D. B. Chomsky, and S. F. Davis Relationship between exertional symptoms and functional capacity in patients with heart failure J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 1, 1999; 33(7): 1943 - 1947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. J. S. Coats Exercise Training for Heart Failure : Coming of Age Circulation, March 9, 1999; 99(9): 1138 - 1140. [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Belardinelli, D. Georgiou, G. Cianci, and A. Purcaro Randomized, Controlled Trial of Long-Term Moderate Exercise Training in Chronic Heart Failure : Effects on Functional Capacity, Quality of Life, and Clinical Outcome Circulation, March 9, 1999; 99(9): 1173 - 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Kiilavuori, H. Naveri, H. Leinonen, and M. Harkonen The effect of physical training on hormonal status and exertional hormonal response in patients with chronic congestive heart failure Eur. Heart J., March 2, 1999; 20(6): 456 - 464. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. D. Anker and A. J. S. Coats Cardiac Cachexia: A Syndrome With Impaired Survival and Immune and Neuroendocrine Activation Chest, March 1, 1999; 115(3): 836 - 847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Ramos-Barbon, D. Fitchett, W. J. Gibbons, D. A. Latter, and R. D. Levy Maximal Exercise Testing for the Selection of Heart Transplantation Candidates: Limitation of Peak Oxygen Consumption Chest, February 1, 1999; 115(2): 410 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Vescovo, L. Dalla Libera, F. Serafini, C. Leprotti, L. Facchin, M. Volterrani, C. Ceconi, and G. B. Ambrosio Improved Exercise Tolerance After Losartan and Enalapril in Heart Failure : Correlation With Changes in Skeletal Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Composition Circulation, October 27, 1998; 98(17): 1742 - 1749. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Tenenbaum, J. Shemesh, P. Giannuzzi, and U. Corra Attenuation of Unfavorable Sympathetic Hyperactivity Induced by Long-Term Physical Training in Postinfarction Patients: Fact or Speculation? • Response Circulation, September 8, 1998; 98(10): 1042 - 1043. [Full Text] [PDF]
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M Morikawa, H Sato, H Sato, Y Koretsune, Y Ohnishi, T Kurotobi, T Kuzuya, and M Hori Sustained left ventricular diastolic dysfunction after exercise in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy Heart, September 1, 1998; 80(3): 263 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Giannattasio, M. Failla, A. Grappiolo, M. Bigoni, S. Carugo, M. Denti, and G. Mancia Effects of Prolonged Immobilization of the Limb on Radial Artery Mechanical Properties Hypertension, September 1, 1998; 32(3): 584 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Bernardi, C. Valenti, J. Wdowczyck-Szulc, A. W. Frey, M. Rinaldi, G. Spadacini, C. Passino, L. Martinelli, M. Vigano, and G. Finardi Influence of Type of Surgery on the Occurrence of Parasympathetic Reinnervation After Cardiac Transplantation Circulation, April 14, 1998; 97(14): 1368 - 1374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A L CLARK and T MCDONAGH The origin of symptoms in chronic heart failure Heart, November 1, 1997; 78(5): 429 - 430. [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. P Wielenga, A. J S Coats, W. L Mosterd, and I. A Huisveld The role of exercise training in chronic heart failure Heart, November 1, 1997; 78(5): 431 - 436. [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Ohtsubo, K. Yonezawa, H. Nishijima, K. Okita, A. Hanada, T. Kohya, T. Murakami, and A. Kitabatake Metabolic abnormality of calf skeletal muscle is improved by localised muscle training without changes in blood flow in chronic heart failure Heart, November 1, 1997; 78(5): 437 - 443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Giannuzzi, P. L. Temporelli, U. Corra, M. Gattone, A. Giordano, L. Tavazzi, and f. t. E. S. Group Attenuation of Unfavorable Remodeling by Exercise Training in Postinfarction Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction : Results of the Exercise in Left Ventricular Dysfunction (ELVD) Trial* Circulation, September 16, 1997; 96(6): 1790 - 1797. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. D. Katz, J. Yuen, R. Bijou, and T. H. Lejemtel Training improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in resistance vessels of patients with heart failure J Appl Physiol, May 1, 1997; 82(5): 1488 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. C. Lang, D. B. Chomsky, G. Rayos, T. K. Yeoh, and J. R. Wilson Skeletal muscle mass and exercise performance in stable ambulatory patients with heart failure J Appl Physiol, January 1, 1997; 82(1): 257 - 261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. B. Chomsky, C. C. Lang, G. H. Rayos, Y. Shyr, T.-K. Yeoh, R. N. Pierson III, S. F. Davis, and J. R. Wilson Hemodynamic Exercise Testing: A Valuable Tool in the Selection of Cardiac Transplantation Candidates Circulation, December 15, 1996; 94(12): 3176 - 3183. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. R. Wilson, J. Groves, and G. Rayos Circulatory Status and Response to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Heart Failure Circulation, October 1, 1996; 94(7): 1567 - 1572. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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