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Circulation. 1992;85:504-509

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Circulation, Vol 85, 504-509, Copyright © 1992 by American Heart Association


ARTICLES

Plasma endothelin correlates with the extent of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic congestive heart failure [published erratum appears in Circulation 1993 Mar;87(3):1064]

RJ Cody, GJ Haas, PF Binkley, Q Capers and R Kelley
Department of Medicine, Ohio State University Hospitals, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210.

BACKGROUND. Endothelin is a family of potent vasoconstrictor peptides of vascular endothelial origin. Although it has been proposed that the vasoconstrictor effects of endothelin are produced at the local vascular level, increased plasma concentration of endothelin has been identified in cardiovascular disorders. METHODS AND RESULTS. We tested whether immunoreactive endothelin-1 could be detected by radioimmunoassay in plasma of congestive heart failure patients and whether levels correlated with hemodynamic characteristics. Twenty congestive heart failure patients (New York Heart Association class II- IV) were sampled in the morning after an overnight fast, before medication. Cardiac index was decreased to 2.14 +/- 0.45 l/m/m2, and pulmonary wedge pressure was increased to 22 +/- 7 mm Hg. The ranges of pulmonary pressures were: systolic, 22-100 mm Hg, mean, 13-61 mm Hg, and diastolic, 8-42 mm Hg. The endothelin-1 level was 9.07 +/- 4.13 pg/ml (range, 4-19 pg/ml), which was increased compared with 12 normals (3.7 +/- 0.6 pg/ml; range, 2.8-4.7 pg/ml); the difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.0001). Endothelin-1 significantly correlated with pulmonary pressures (systolic, r = 0.78; mean, r = 0.80; diastolic, r = 0.77; all p less than 0.003) and pulmonary vascular resistance (r = 0.65, p less than 0.01). Endothelin- 1 strongly correlated with the resistance ratio (pulmonary vascular resistance/systemic vascular resistance) (r = 0.88, p less than 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis confirmed the significance of these observations. CONCLUSIONS. Elevated immunoreactive endothelin-1 specifically correlated with the extent of pulmonary hypertension in congestive heart failure patients. Whether endothelin-1 is a regional mediator of pulmonary hypertension or a marker for its occurrence requires additional evaluation.


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
G. W Moe and P. Armstrong
Pacing-induced heart failure: a model to study the mechanism of disease progression and novel therapy in heart failure
Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 1999; 42(3): 591 - 599.
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Circ. Res.Home page
F. D. Russell and A. P. Davenport
Evidence for Intracellular Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-2 Expression in Cultured Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Circ. Res., April 30, 1999; 84(8): 891 - 896.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
R. Yamauchi-Kohno, T. Miyauchi, T. Hoshino, T. Kobayashi, H. Aihara, S. Sakai, H. Yabana, K. Goto, Y. Sugishita, and S. Murata
Role of Endothelin in Deterioration of Heart Failure Due to Cardiomyopathy in Hamsters : Increase in Endothelin-1 Production in the Heart and Beneficial Effect of Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonist on Survival and Cardiac Function
Circulation, April 27, 1999; 99(16): 2171 - 2176.
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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
P. J. Cowburn, J. G. F. Cleland, J. D. McArthur, M. R. MacLean, J. J. V. McMurray, H. J. Dargie, and J. J. Morton
EndothelinB receptors are functionally important in mediating vasoconstriction in the systemic circulation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 15, 1999; 33(4): 932 - 938.
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HeartHome page
M Mundhenke, B Schwartzkopff, M Köstering, U Deska, R M Klein, and B E Strauer
Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy
Heart, March 1, 1999; 81(3): 278 - 284.
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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
T. Tsutamoto, A. Wada, T. Hisanaga, K. Maeda, M. Ohnishi, N. Mabuchi, M. Sawaki, M. Hayashi, M. Fujii, and M. Kinoshita
Relationship between endothelin-1 extraction in the peripheral circulation and systemic vascular resistance in patients with severe congestive heart failure
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 1999; 33(2): 530 - 537.
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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
T. Inada, H. Fujiwara, K. Hasegawa, M. Araki, R. Yamauchi-Kohno, H. Yabana, T. Fujiwara, M. Tanaka, and S. Sasayama
Upregulated expression of cardiac endothelin-1 participates in myocardial cell growth in Bio14.6 Syrian cardiomyopathic hamsters
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 1999; 33(2): 565 - 571.
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HeartHome page
Y. KAGAYA, H. OTANI, T. TANIKAWA, S. NAMIUCHI, S. ISOYAMA, and K. SHIRATO
Concentrations of angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and BNP in the coronary sinus and ascending aorta of patients with heart disease
Heart, January 1, 1999; 81(1): 102 - 103.
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HypertensionHome page
F. E. Strachan, J. C. Spratt, I. B. Wilkinson, N. R. Johnston, G. A. Gray, and D. J. Webb
Systemic Blockade of the Endothelin-B Receptor Increases Peripheral Vascular Resistance in Healthy Men
Hypertension, January 1, 1999; 33(1): 581 - 585.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
G. Sutsch, W. Kiowski, X.-W. Yan, P. Hunziker, S. Christen, W. Strobel, J.-H. Kim, P. Rickenbacher, and O. Bertel
Short-Term Oral Endothelin-Receptor Antagonist Therapy in Conventionally Treated Patients With Symptomatic Severe Chronic Heart Failure
Circulation, November 24, 1998; 98(21): 2262 - 2268.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
Q. T. Nguyen, P. Cernacek, A. Calderoni, D. J. Stewart, P. Picard, P. Sirois, M. White, and J. L. Rouleau
Endothelin A Receptor Blockade Causes Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling but Improves Pulmonary Artery Pressure After Infarction in the Rat
Circulation, November 24, 1998; 98(21): 2323 - 2330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
M. Hulsmann, B. Stanek, B. Frey, B. Sturm, D. Putz, T. Kos, R. Berger, W. Woloszczuk, G. Maurer, and R. Pacher
Value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and big endothelin plasma levels to predict short-term prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1998; 32(6): 1695 - 1700.
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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
K. Alexiou, T. Dschietzig, O. Simsch, M. Laule, J. Hundertmark, G. Baumann, and K. Stangl
Arrhythmogenic effects induced by coronary conversion of pulmonary big endothelin to endothelin: Aggravation of this phenomenon in heritable hyperlipidemia
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1998; 32(6): 1773 - 1778.
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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
D. Saad, R. Mukherjee, P. B. Thomas, J. P. Iannini, C. G. Basler, L. Hebbar, S.-J. O, S. Moreland, M. L. Webb, J. R. Powell, et al.
The effects of endothelin-A receptor blockade during the progression of pacing-induced congestive heart failure
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1998; 32(6): 1779 - 1786.
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CirculationHome page
Y. Iwanaga, Y. Kihara, K. Hasegawa, K. Inagaki, T. Yoneda, S. Kaburagi, M. Araki, and S. Sasayama
Cardiac Endothelin-1 Plays a Critical Role in the Functional Deterioration of Left Ventricles During the Transition From Compensatory Hypertrophy to Congestive Heart Failure in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats
Circulation, November 10, 1998; 98(19): 2065 - 2073.
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CirculationHome page
J. Dupuis, J.-L. Rouleau, and P. Cernacek
Reduced Pulmonary Clearance of Endothelin-1 Contributes to the Increase of Circulating Levels in Heart Failure Secondary to Myocardial Infarction
Circulation, October 20, 1998; 98(16): 1684 - 1687.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
E. Oie, R. Bjonerheim, H. K. Grogaard, H. Kongshaug, O. A. Smiseth, and H. Attramadal
ET-receptor antagonism, myocardial gene expression, and ventricular remodeling during CHF in rats
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 1998; 275(3): H868 - H877.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
P. J. Cowburn, J. G.F. Cleland, J. D. McArthur, M. R. MacLean, H. J. Dargie, J. J.V. McMurray, and J. J. Morton
Endothelin-1 has haemodynamic effects at pathophysiological concentrations in patients with left ventricular dysfunction
Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1998; 39(3): 563 - 570.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
R. Choussat, L. Hittinger, F. Barbe, G. Maistre, A. Carayon, B. Crozatier, and J. Su
Acute effects of an endothelin-1 receptor antagonist bosentan at different stages of heart failure in conscious dogs
Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1998; 39(3): 580 - 588.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
P. Mulder, V. Richard, F. Bouchart, G. Derumeaux, K. Munter, and C. Thuillez
Selective ETA receptor blockade prevents left ventricular remodeling and deterioration of cardiac function in experimental heart failure
Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1998; 39(3): 600 - 608.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
J. Dupuis, G. W Moe, and P. Cernacek
Reduced pulmonary metabolism of endothelin-1 in canine tachycardia-induced heart failure
Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1998; 39(3): 609 - 616.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
M. Ohnishi, A. Wada, T. Tsutamoto, D. Fukai, and M. Kinoshita
Comparison of the acute effects of a selective endothelin ETA and a mixed ETA/ETB receptor antagonist in heart failure
Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 1998; 39(3): 617 - 624.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HeartHome page
D E Newby, N E R Goodfield, A D Flapan, N A Boon, K A A Fox, and D J Webb
Regulation of peripheral vascular tone in patients with heart failure: contribution of angiotensin II
Heart, August 1, 1998; 80(2): 134 - 140.
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CirculationHome page
C. J. Ferro, J. C. Spratt, W. G. Haynes, and D. J. Webb
Inhibition of Neutral Endopeptidase Causes Vasoconstriction of Human Resistance Vessels In Vivo
Circulation, June 16, 1998; 97(23): 2323 - 2330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
S. Prie, D. J. Stewart, and J. Dupuis
EndothelinA Receptor Blockade Improves Nitric Oxide–Mediated Vasodilation in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension
Circulation, June 2, 1998; 97(21): 2169 - 2174.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
R.S. Krombach, M. J Clair, J. W Hendrick, W. V Houck, J. L Zellner, S. B Kribbs, S. Whitebread, R. Mukherjee, M. de Gasparo, and F. G Spinale
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, AT1 receptor inhibition, and combination therapy with pacing induced heart failure: effects on left ventricular performance and regional blood flow patterns
Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 1998; 38(3): 631 - 645.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
G. A Deuchar, M. N Hicks, S. M Cobbe, C. C Docherty, and M. R MacLean
Pulmonary responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and endothelin-1 in a rabbit model of left ventricular dysfunction
Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 1998; 38(2): 500 - 507.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
D. E. Newby, R. Jalan, S. Masumori, P. C. Hayes, N. A. Boon, and D. J. Webb
Peripheral vascular tone in patients with cirrhosis: role of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems
Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 1998; 38(1): 221 - 228.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
C. C. Docherty and M. R. Maclean
EndothelinB Receptors in Rabbit Pulmonary Resistance Arteries: Effect of Left Ventricular Dysfunction
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 1998; 284(3): 895 - 903.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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HypertensionHome page
D. D. Borgeson, J. A. Grantham, E. E. Williamson, A. Luchner, M. M. Redfield, T. J. Opgenorth, and J. C. Burnett Jr
Chronic Oral Endothelin Type A Receptor Antagonism in Experimental Heart Failure
Hypertension, March 1, 1998; 31(3): 766 - 770.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Chem.Home page
C. Haug, W. Koenig, M. Hoeher, M. Kochs, V. Hombach, A. Gruenert, and H. Osterhues
Direct enzyme immunometric measurement of plasma big endothelin-1 concentrations and correlation with indicators of left ventricular function
Clin. Chem., February 1, 1998; 44(2): 239 - 243.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
D. C. Underwood, S. Bochnowicz, R. R. Osborn, M. A. Luttmann, and D. W. P. Hay
Nonpeptide Endothelin Receptor Antagonists. X. Inhibition of Endothelin-1- and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Pressor Responses in the Guinea Pig by the Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, SB 217242
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., December 1, 1997; 283(3): 1130 - 1137.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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CirculationHome page
K. Graf, Y. S. Do, N. Ashizawa, W. P. Meehan, C. M. Giachelli, C. C. Marboe, E. Fleck, and W. A. Hsueh
Myocardial Osteopontin Expression Is Associated With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Circulation, November 4, 1997; 96(9): 3063 - 3071.
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CirculationHome page
F. G. Spinale, M. de Gasparo, S. Whitebread, L. Hebbar, M. J. Clair, D. M. Melton, R. S. Krombach, R. Mukherjee, J. P. Iannini, and S.-J. O
Modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin Pathway Through Enzyme Inhibition and Specific Receptor Blockade in Pacing-Induced Heart Failure : I. Effects on Left Ventricular Performance and Neurohormonal Systems
Circulation, October 7, 1997; 96(7): 2385 - 2396.
[Abstract] [Full Text]