Circulation, Vol 83, 1-12, Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Association
SA Glantz and WW Parmley
The evidence that ETS increases risk of death from heart disease is similar
to that which existed in 1986 when the US Surgeon General concluded that
ETS caused lung cancer in healthy nonsmokers. There are 10 epidemiological
studies, conducted in a variety of locations, that reflect about a 30%
increase in risk of death from ischemic heart disease or myocardial
infarction among nonsmokers living with smokers. The larger studies also
demonstrate a significant dose-response effect, with greater exposure to
ETS associated with greater risk of death from heart disease. These
epidemiological studies are complemented by a variety of physiological and
biochemical data that show that ETS adversely affects platelet function and
damages arterial endothelium in a way that increases the risk of heart
disease. Moreover, ETS, in realistic exposures, also exerts significant
adverse effects on exercise capability of both healthy people and those
with heart disease by reducing the body's ability to deliver and utilize
oxygen. In animal experiments, ETS also depresses cellular respiration at
the level of mitochondria. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ETS also
accelerate, and may initiate, the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Of
note, the cardiovascular effects of ETS appear to be different in
nonsmokers and smokers. Nonsmokers appear to be more sensitive to ETS than
do smokers, perhaps because some of the affected physiological systems are
sensitive to low doses of the compounds in ETS, then saturate, and also
perhaps because of physiological adaptions smokers undergo as a result of
long-term exposure to the toxins in cigarette smoke. In any event, these
findings indicate that, for cardiovascular disease, it is incorrect to
compute "cigarette equivalents" for passive exposure to ETS and then to
extrapolate the effects of this exposure on nonsmokers from the effects of
direct smoking on smokers. These results suggest that heart disease is an
important consequence of exposure to ETS. The combination of
epidemiological studies with demonstration of physiological changes with
exposure to ETS, together with biochemical evidence that elements of ETS
have significant adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, leads to the
conclusion that ETS causes heart disease. This increase in risk translates
into about 10 times as many deaths from ETS-induced heart disease as lung
cancer; these deaths contribute greatly to the estimated 53,000 deaths
annually from passive smoking. This toll makes passive smoking the third
leading preventable cause of death in the United States today, behind
active smoking and alcohol.
ARTICLES
Passive smoking and heart disease. Epidemiology, physiology, and biochemistry
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143- 0124.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  Y.-H. Chen, C.-Y. Yeh, R.-Y. Chen, L.-C. Chien, P.-T. Yu, K.-Y. Chao, and B.-C. Han Moving toward people's needs for smoke-free restaurants: Before and after a National Promotion Program in Taiwan, 2003-2005 Nicotine Tob Res, May 1, 2009; 11(5): 503 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Landman and S. A. Glantz Tobacco Industry Efforts to Undermine Policy-Relevant Research Am J Public Health, January 1, 2009; 99(1): 45 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Jimenez-Ruiz, J. A. R. Miranda, R. D. Hurt, A. R. Pinedo, S. S. Reina, and F. C. Valero Study of the impact of laws regulating tobacco consumption on the prevalence of passive smoking in Spain Eur J Public Health, December 1, 2008; 18(6): 622 - 625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-Y. Chen, D. Chow, N. Chiamvimonvat, K. A. Glatter, N. Li, Y. He, K. E. Pinkerton, and A. C. Bonham Short-term secondhand smoke exposure decreases heart rate variability and increases arrhythmia susceptibility in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): H632 - H639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Meurrens, S. Ruf, G. Ross, R. Schleef, K. von Holt, and K.-D. Schluter Smoking accelerates the progression of hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy to heart failure in spontaneously hypertensive rats Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 2007; 76(2): 311 - 322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. K. Tong and S. A. Glantz Tobacco Industry Efforts Undermining Evidence Linking Secondhand Smoke With Cardiovascular Disease Circulation, October 16, 2007; 116(16): 1845 - 1854. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Heidrich, J. Wellmann, P. U. Heuschmann, K. Kraywinkel, and U. Keil Mortality and morbidity from coronary heart disease attributable to passive smoking Eur. Heart J., October 2, 2007; 28(20): 2498 - 2502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. F. Schick and S. Glantz Concentrations of the Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone in Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Increase after Release into Indoor Air: Results from Unpublished Tobacco Industry Research Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2007; 16(8): 1547 - 1553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Lee, E. J. Hahn, C. A. Riker, A. Hoehne, A. White, D. Greenwell, and D. Thompson Secondhand Smoke Exposure in a Rural High School The Journal of School Nursing, August 1, 2007; 23(4): 222 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Celermajer Protecting Children From Passive Smoking Circulation, June 26, 2007; 115(25): 3143 - 3144. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kallio, E. Jokinen, O. T. Raitakari, M. Hamalainen, M. Siltala, I. Volanen, T. Kaitosaari, J. Viikari, T. Ronnemaa, and O. Simell Tobacco Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Attenuated Endothelial Function in 11-Year-Old Healthy Children Circulation, June 26, 2007; 115(25): 3205 - 3212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Giannini, A. Leone, D. Di Bisceglie, M. Nuti, G. Strata, F. Buttitta, L. Masserini, and A. Balbarini The Effects of Acute Passive Smoke Exposure on Endothelium-Dependent Brachial Artery Dilation in Healthy Individuals Angiology, April 1, 2007; 58(2): 211 - 217. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Stranges, M. R. Bonner, F. Fucci, K. M. Cummings, J. L. Freudenheim, J. M. Dorn, P. Muti, G. A. Giovino, A. Hyland, and M. Trevisan Lifetime cumulative exposure to secondhand smoke and risk of myocardial infarction in never smokers: results from the Western new york health study, 1995-2001. Arch Intern Med, October 9, 2006; 166(18): 1961 - 1967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Bartecchi, R. N. Alsever, C. Nevin-Woods, W. M. Thomas, R. O. Estacio, B. B. Bartelson, and M. J. Krantz Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance Circulation, October 3, 2006; 114(14): 1490 - 1496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. B. Gunier, P. Reynolds, S. E. Hurley, S. Yerabati, A. Hertz, P. Strickland, and P. L. Horn-Ross Estimating exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a comparison of survey, biological monitoring, and geographic information system-based methods. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2006; 15(7): 1376 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G T Fong, A Hyland, R Borland, D Hammond, G Hastings, A McNeill, S Anderson, K M Cummings, S Allwright, M Mulcahy, et al. Reductions in tobacco smoke pollution and increases in support for smoke-free public places following the implementation of comprehensive smoke-free workplace legislation in the Republic of Ireland: findings from the ITC Ireland/UK Survey Tob. Control, June 1, 2006; 15(suppl_3): iii51 - iii58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Hedley, S. M. McGhee, J. L. Repace, L.-C. Wong, M. Y. S. Yu, T.-W. Wong, and T.-H. Lam Risks for Heart Disease and Lung Cancer from Passive Smoking by Workers in the Catering Industry Toxicol. Sci., April 1, 2006; 90(2): 539 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Raupach, K. Schafer, S. Konstantinides, and S. Andreas Secondhand smoke as an acute threat for the cardiovascular system: a change in paradigm Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2006; 27(4): 386 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A Jensen, L. J Vatten, T. I. Nilsen, P. R Romundstad, and H. O Myhre The association between smoking and the prevalence of intermittent claudication Vascular Medicine, November 1, 2005; 10(4): 257 - 263. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S Chapman The most important and influential papers in tobacco control: results of an online poll Tob. Control, October 1, 2005; 14(5): e1 - e1. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. W. Greathouse, E. J. Hahn, C. T. C. Okoli, T. A. Warnick, and C. A. Riker Passing a Smoke-Free Law in a Pro-Tobacco Culture: A Multiple Streams Approach Policy Politics Nursing Practice, August 1, 2005; 6(3): 211 - 220. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Barnoya and S. A. Glantz Cardiovascular Effects of Secondhand Smoke: Nearly as Large as Smoking Circulation, May 24, 2005; 111(20): 2684 - 2698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. E. Tulunay, S. S. Hecht, S. G. Carmella, Y. Zhang, C. Lemmonds, S. Murphy, and D. K. Hatsukami Urinary Metabolites of a Tobacco-Specific Lung Carcinogen in Nonsmoking Hospitality Workers Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2005; 14(5): 1283 - 1286. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Yang, C. A. Knight, M. M. Mamerow, K. Vickers, A. Penn, E. M. Postlethwait, and S. W. Ballinger Prenatal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Promotes Adult Atherogenesis and Mitochondrial Damage in Apolipoprotein E-/- Mice Fed a Chow Diet Circulation, December 14, 2004; 110(24): 3715 - 3720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Ambrose and R. S. Barua The pathophysiology of cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: An update J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 19, 2004; 43(10): 1731 - 1737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. P Sargent, R. M Shepard, and S. A Glantz Reduced incidence of admissions for myocardial infarction associated with public smoking ban: before and after study BMJ, April 24, 2004; 328(7446): 977 - 980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Mone, M. W. Gillman, T. L. Miller, E. H. Herman, and S. E. Lipshultz Effects of Environmental Exposures on the Cardiovascular System: Prenatal Period Through Adolescence Pediatrics, April 1, 2004; 113(4/S1): 1058 - 1069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. S. Anderson, V. Feigin, D. Bennett, R.-B. Lin, G. Hankey, K. Jamrozik, and for the Australasian Cooperative Research on Subar Active and Passive Smoking and the Risk of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An International Population-Based Case-Control Study Stroke, March 1, 2004; 35(3): 633 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Skeer, S. George, W. L. Hamilton, D. M. Cheng, and M. Siegel Town-Level Characteristics and Smoking Policy Adoption in Massachusetts: Are Local Restaurant Smoking Regulations Fostering Disparities in Health Protection? Am J Public Health, February 1, 2004; 94(2): 286 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. C. West, P. S. Romano, R. Azari, A. Rudominer, M. Holman, and S. Sandhu Impact of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Children With Sickle Cell Disease Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, December 1, 2003; 157(12): 1197 - 1201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M D Weber, D A S Bagwell, J E Fielding, and S A Glantz Long term compliance with California's Smoke-Free Workplace Law among bars and restaurants in Los Angeles County Tob. Control, September 1, 2003; 12(3): 269 - 273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 American Society of Clinical Oncology Policy Statement Update: Tobacco Control--Reducing Cancer Incidence and Saving Lives J. Clin. Oncol., July 15, 2003; 21(14): 2777 - 2786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Skeer and M Siegel The descriptive epidemiology of local restaurant smoking regulations in Massachusetts: an analysis of the protection of restaurant customers and workers Tob. Control, June 1, 2003; 12(2): 221 - 226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Bryan-Jones and L. A. Bero Tobacco Industry Efforts to Defeat the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Indoor Air Quality Rule Am J Public Health, April 1, 2003; 93(4): 585 - 592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Goyen, C. U. Herborn, K. Kroger, T. C. Lauenstein, J. F. Debatin, and S. G. Ruehm Detection of Atherosclerosis: Systemic Imaging for Systemic Disease with Whole-Body Three-dimensional MR Angiography-- Initial Experience Radiology, April 1, 2003; 227(1): 277 - 282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Underwood Reducing the Burden of Cancer Borne by African Americans: If Not Now, When? Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2003; 12(3): 270s - 276s. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J Barnoya and S Glantz Tobacco industry success in preventing regulation of secondhand smoke in Latin America: the "Latin Project" Tob. Control, December 1, 2002; 11(4): 305 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Stangl, G. Baumann, and K. Stangl Coronary atherogenic risk factors in women Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2002; 23(22): 1738 - 1752. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Mullick, J. M. McDonald, G. Melkonian, P. Talbot, K. E. Pinkerton, and J. C. Rutledge Reactive carbonyls from tobacco smoke increase arterial endothelial layer injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H591 - H597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M Fichtenberg and S. A Glantz Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behaviour: systematic review BMJ, July 27, 2002; 325(7357): 188 - 188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Richard, L. Potvin, J.-L. Denis, and N. Kishchuk Integration of the Ecological Approach in Tobacco Programs for Youth: A Survey of Canadian Public Health Organizations Health Promot Pract, July 1, 2002; 3(3): 397 - 409. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Barua, J. A. Ambrose, L.-J. Eales-Reynolds, M. C. DeVoe, J. G. Zervas, and D. C. Saha Heavy and light cigarette smokers have similar dysfunction of endothelial vasoregulatory activity: An in vivo and in vitro correlation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 5, 2002; 39(11): 1758 - 1763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Bayer and J. Colgrove Science, Politics, and Ideology in the Campaign Against Environmental Tobacco Smoke Am J Public Health, June 1, 2002; 92(6): 949 - 954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Glantz Air pollution as a cause of heart disease: Time for action J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 20, 2002; 39(6): 943 - 945. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.S. Jaakkola Environmental tobacco smoke and health in the elderly Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2002; 19(1): 172 - 181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Bitton, C. Fichtenberg, and S. Glantz Reducing Smoking Prevalence to 10% in Five Years JAMA, December 5, 2001; 286(21): 2733 - 2734. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A Bero, T. Montini, K. Bryan-Jones, and C. Mangurian Science in regulatory policy making: case studies in the development of workplace smoking restrictions Tob. Control, December 1, 2001; 10(4): 329 - 336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Muggli, J. L. Forster, R. D. Hurt, and J. L. Repace The Smoke You Don't See: Uncovering Tobacco Industry Scientific Strategies Aimed Against Environmental Tobacco Smoke Policies Am J Public Health, September 1, 2001; 91(9): 1419 - 1423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Montini and L. A Bero Policy makers' perspectives on tobacco control advocates' roles in regulation development Tob. Control, September 1, 2001; 10(3): 218 - 224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Farchi, F. Forastiere, R. Pistelli, S. Baldacci, M. Simoni, C. A. Perucci, and G. Viegi Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Is Associated with Lower Plasma {beta}-Carotene Levels among Nonsmoking Women Married to a Smoker Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2001; 10(8): 907 - 909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Otsuka, H. Watanabe, K. Hirata, K. Tokai, T. Muro, M. Yoshiyama, K. Takeuchi, and J. Yoshikawa Acute Effects of Passive Smoking on the Coronary Circulation in Healthy Young Adults JAMA, July 25, 2001; 286(4): 436 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Glantz and W. W. Parmley Even a Little Secondhand Smoke Is Dangerous JAMA, July 25, 2001; 286(4): 462 - 463. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Healton, S. A. Schroeder, S. C. Smith Jr., B. Cady, K. M. Kessler, C. Fichtenberg, and S. A. Glantz Controlling Tobacco Use N. Engl. J. Med., June 7, 2001; 344(23): 1797 - 1799. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. S. Woo, P. Chook, H. C. Leong, X. S. Huang, and D. S. Celermajer The impact of heavy passive smoking on arterial endothelial function in modernized Chinese J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2000; 36(4): 1228 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F Hovell, J. M Zakarian, D. R Wahlgren, G. E Matt, and K. M Emmons Reported measures of environmental tobacco smoke exposure: trials and tribulations Tob. Control, September 1, 2000; 9(90003): 22i - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L Kline Smoke knows no boundaries: legal strategies for environmental tobacco smoke incursions into the home within multi-unit residential dwellings Tob. Control, June 1, 2000; 9(2): 201 - 205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lightwood, C. S. Phibbs, and S. A. Glantz Short-term Health and Economic Benefits of Smoking Cessation: Low Birth Weight Pediatrics, December 1, 1999; 104(6): 1312 - 1320. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L L Shields, J. Carol, E. D Balbach, and S. McGee Hollywood on tobacco: how the entertainment industry understands tobacco portrayal Tob. Control, December 1, 1999; 8(4): 378 - 386. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Jacobs, M. J. Thun, and L. F. Apicella Cigar Smoking and Death From Coronary Heart Disease in a Prospective Study of US Men Arch Intern Med, November 8, 1999; 159(20): 2413 - 2418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. E Kennedy and L. A Bero Print media coverage of research on passive smoking Tob. Control, September 1, 1999; 8(3): 254 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. D. Swanson, K. W.E. Denson, A. J. Wells, K. Jamrozik, G. A. Colditz, V. Fuster, P. Greenland, K. Liu, M. Rabinoff, J. He, et al. Passive Smoking and Coronary Heart Disease N. Engl. J. Med., August 26, 1999; 341(9): 697 - 700. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Hutchison, K. Sudhir, R. E. Sievers, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, T. M. Chou, K. Chatterjee, P. C. Deedwania, J. P. Cooke, S. A. Glantz, et al. Effects of L-Arginine on Atherogenesis and Endothelial Dysfunction due to Secondhand Smoke Hypertension, July 1, 1999; 34(1): 44 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. T. Raitakari, M. R. Adams, R. J. McCredie, K. A. Griffiths, and D. S. Celermajer Arterial Endothelial Dysfunction Related to Passive Smoking Is Potentially Reversible in Healthy Young Adults Ann Intern Med, April 6, 1999; 130(7): 578 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. He, S. Vupputuri, K. Allen, M. R. Prerost, J. Hughes, and P. K. Whelton Passive Smoking and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease -- A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies N. Engl. J. Med., March 25, 1999; 340(12): 920 - 926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Eisner, A. K. Smith, and P. D. Blanc Bartenders' Respiratory Health After Establishment of Smoke-Free Bars and Taverns JAMA, December 9, 1998; 280(22): 1909 - 1914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Hutchison, S. A. Glantz, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, T. M. Chou, K. Chatterjee, P. C. Deedwania, W. W. Parmley, and K. Sudhir In-utero and neonatal exposure to secondhand smoke causes vascular dysfunction in newborn rats J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 1998; 32(5): 1463 - 1467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Werner and T. A. Pearson What's So Passive About Passive Smoking?: Secondhand Smoke as a Cause of Atherosclerotic Disease JAMA, January 14, 1998; 279(2): 157 - 158. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lightwood and S. A. Glantz Short-term Economic and Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation : Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Circulation, August 19, 1997; 96(4): 1089 - 1096. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Kawachi, G. A. Colditz, F. E. Speizer, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, W. C. Willett, and C. H. Hennekens A Prospective Study of Passive Smoking and Coronary Heart Disease Circulation, May 20, 1997; 95(10): 2374 - 2379. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Hutchison, M. S. Reitz, K. Sudhir, R. E. Sievers, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, T. M. Chou, P. C. Deedwania, K. Chatterjee, S. A. Glantz, et al. Chronic Dietary L-Arginine Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction Secondary to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Normocholesterolemic Rabbits Hypertension, May 1, 1997; 29(5): 1186 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gioia, B. Bagheri, C. D. Gottlieb, D. S. Schwartzman, D. J. Callans, F. E. Marchlinski, J. Heo, and A. E. Iskandrian Prediction of Outcome of Patients With Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias Treated With Automatic Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators Using SPECT Perfusion Imaging Circulation, January 21, 1997; 95(2): 390 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.A. Roberts, A.A. Rezai, K.E. Pinkerton, and J.C. Rutledge Effect of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on LDL Accumulation in the Artery Wall Circulation, November 1, 1996; 94(9): 2248 - 2253. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. E. Barnes and L. A. Bero Industry-Funded Research and Conflict of Interest: An Analysis of Research Sponsored by the Tobacco Industry through the Center for Indoor Air Research Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, September 1, 1996; 21(3): 515 - 542. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Glantz and W. W. Parmley Passive and Active Smoking: A Problem for Adults Circulation, August 15, 1996; 94(4): 596 - 598. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Bruno, S. Carter, C. Qualls, and K. B. Nolte Incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage among Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites in New Mexico Neurology, August 1, 1996; 47(2): 405 - 408. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Celermajer, M. R. Adams, P. Clarkson, J. Robinson, R. McCredie, A. Donald, and J. E. Deanfield Passive Smoking and Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Arterial Dilatation in Healthy Young Adults N. Engl. J. Med., January 18, 1996; 334(3): 150 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Hammond, G. Sorensen, R. Youngstrom, and J. K. Ockene Occupational Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke JAMA, September 27, 1995; 274(12): 956 - 960. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. E. Kottke Smoke-Free 2000: A Step Closer JAMA, August 9, 1995; 274(6): 503 - 504. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Barnes, P. Hanauer, J. Slade, L. A. Bero, and S. A. Glantz Environmental Tobacco Smoke: The Brown and Williamson Documents JAMA, July 19, 1995; 274(3): 248 - 253. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Glantz and W. W. Parmley Passive Smoking and Heart Disease: Mechanisms and Risk JAMA, April 5, 1995; 273(13): 1047 - 1053. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical As Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Health Effects and Prevention Policies Arch Fam Med, October 1, 1994; 3(10): 865 - 871. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Bero, S. A. Glantz, and D. Rennie Publication Bias and Public Health Policy on Environmental Tobacco Smoke JAMA, July 13, 1994; 272(2): 133 - 136. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Howard, G. L. Burke, M. Szklo, G. S. Tell, J. Eckfeldt, G. Evans, and G. Heiss Active and Passive Smoking Are Associated With Increased Carotid Wall Thickness: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Arch Intern Med, June 13, 1994; 154(11): 1277 - 1282. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Bartecchi, T. D. MacKenzie, and R. W. Schrier The Human Costs of Tobacco Use- First of Two Parts N. Engl. J. Med., March 31, 1994; 330(13): 907 - 912. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Bero, A. Galbraith, and D. Rennie Sponsored Symposia on Environmental Tobacco Smoke JAMA, February 23, 1994; 271(8): 612 - 617. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y He, T H Lam, L S Li, L S Li, R Y Du, G L Jia, J Y Huang, and J S Zheng Passive smoking at work as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in Chinese women who have never smoked BMJ, February 5, 1994; 308(6925): 380 - 384. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Rennie Smoke and Letters JAMA, October 13, 1993; 270(14): 1742 - 1743. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Siegel Involuntary Smoking in the Restaurant Workplace: A Review of Employee Exposure and Health Effects JAMA, July 28, 1993; 270(4): 490 - 493. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Rosenson Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Hypoalphalipoproteinemia) An Approach to Management Arch Intern Med, July 12, 1993; 153(13): 1528 - 1538. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. J. Woodruff, B. Rosbrook, J. Pierce, and S. A. Glantz Lower Levels of Cigarette Consumption Found in Smoke-Free Workplaces in California Arch Intern Med, June 28, 1993; 153(12): 1485 - 1493. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Mason, M. Jensen, D. L. Boland, J. S. Harrell, and D. L. Vredevoe Health Behaviors and Health Risks among Homeless Males in Utah West J Nurs Res, December 1, 1992; 14(6): 775 - 790. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Trichopoulos, F. Mollo, L. Tomatis, E. Agapitos, L. Delsedime, X. Zavitsanos, A. Kalandidi, K. Katsouyanni, E. Riboli, and R. Saracci Active and Passive Smoking and Pathological Indicators of Lung Cancer Risk in an Autopsy Study JAMA, October 7, 1992; 268(13): 1697 - 1701. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. P. Houston Smoking Cessation: Putting Prevention Into Practice Arch Fam Med, September 1, 1992; 1(1): 128 - 135. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Borland, J. P. Pierce, D. M. Burns, E. Gilpin, M. Johnson, and D. Bal Protection From Environmental Tobacco Smoke in California: The Case for a Smoke-Free Workplace JAMA, August 12, 1992; 268(6): 749 - 752. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Joseph and P. J. O'Neil The Department of Veterans Affairs Smoke-Free Policy JAMA, January 1, 1992; 267(1): 87 - 90. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Steenland Passive Smoking and the Risk of Heart Disease JAMA, January 1, 1992; 267(1): 94 - 99. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|