Circulation, Vol 80, 1320-1327, Copyright © 1989 by American Heart Association
JC Witteman, WC Willett, MJ Stampfer, GA Colditz, FM Sacks, FE Speizer, B Rosner and CH Hennekens
The relation of various nutritional factors with hypertension was examined
prospectively among 58,218 predominantly white US female registered nurses,
aged 34-59 years. In 1980, all women completed an independently validated
dietary questionnaire. During 4 years of follow- up, 3,275 women reported a
diagnosis of hypertension; the validity of the self-report was shown in a
subsample. Age, relative weight, and alcohol consumption were the strongest
predictors for the development of hypertension. Dietary calcium and
magnesium had independent and significant inverse associations with
hypertension. For women with a calcium intake of at least 800 mg/day, the
relative risk of hypertension was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.88)
when compared with an intake of less than 400 mg/day. The relative risk for
magnesium intake of 300 mg/day or more compared with an intake of less than
200 mg/day was 0.77 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.88). For women with
high intakes of both calcium and magnesium compared with those having low
intakes of both, the relative risk of hypertension was 0.65 (95% confidence
interval, 0.53-0.80). No independent associations with hypertension were
observed for intakes of potassium, fiber, and saturated and polyunsaturated
fatty acids. These prospective findings add to the growing evidence to
support the need for randomized trials to determine whether there is a
protective role of dietary calcium and magnesium in the regulation of blood
pressure.
ARTICLES
A prospective study of nutritional factors and hypertension among US women
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University School of Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. F Engberink, M. A. Hendriksen, E. G Schouten, F. J. van Rooij, A. Hofman, J. C. Witteman, and J. M Geleijnse Inverse association between dairy intake and hypertension: the Rotterdam Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2009; 89(6): 1877 - 1883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Wu, W. C. Willett, and E. Giovannucci Plasma C-Peptide Is Inversely Associated with Calcium Intake in Women and with Plasma 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in Men J. Nutr., March 1, 2009; 139(3): 547 - 554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Umesawa, H. Iso, J. Ishihara, I. Saito, Y. Kokubo, M. Inoue, S. Tsugane, and for the JPHC Study Group Dietary Calcium Intake and Risks of Stroke, Its Subtypes, and Coronary Heart Disease in Japanese: The JPHC Study Cohort I Stroke, September 1, 2008; 39(9): 2449 - 2456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Champagne Magnesium in Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, Metabolic Syndrome, and Other Conditions: A Review Nutr Clin Pract, April 1, 2008; 23(2): 142 - 151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. K. Choi, W. C. Willett, M. J. Stampfer, E. Rimm, and F. B. Hu Dairy Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Men: A Prospective Study Arch Intern Med, May 9, 2005; 165(9): 997 - 1003. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Stein and G. A. Colditz The Epidemic of Obesity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2522 - 2525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Soriguer, G. Rojo-Martinez, M C. Dobarganes, J. M Garcia Almeida, I. Esteva, M. Beltran, M S. Ruiz De Adana, F. Tinahones, J. M Gomez-Zumaquero, E. Garcia-Fuentes, et al. Hypertension is related to the degradation of dietary frying oils Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2003; 78(6): 1092 - 1097. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. H. Parker A Review of Cardiovascular Disease and Treatment Differences in Women Journal of Pharmacy Practice, June 1, 2003; 16(3): 157 - 163. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Pereira, D. R. Jacobs Jr, L. Van Horn, M. L. Slattery, A. I. Kartashov, and D. S. Ludwig Dairy Consumption, Obesity, and the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Young Adults: The CARDIA Study JAMA, April 24, 2002; 287(16): 2081 - 2089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Coruzzi, L. Brambilla, V. Brambilla, M. Gualerzi, M. Rossi, G. Parati, M. Di Rienzo, J. Tadonio, and A. Novarini. Potassium Depletion and Salt Sensitivity in Essential Hypertension J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 2857 - 2862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Jorde and K. H Bonaa Calcium from dairy products, vitamin D intake, and blood pressure: the Tromso study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1530 - 1535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A McCarron The dietary guideline for sodium: should we shake it up? Yes! Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2000; 71(5): 1013 - 1019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Jorde, J. Sundsfjord, E. Haug, and K. H. Bonaa Relation Between Low Calcium Intake, Parathyroid Hormone, and Blood Pressure Hypertension, May 1, 2000; 35(5): 1154 - 1159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Bostick, L. Fosdick, G. A. Grandits, P. Grambsch, M. Gross, and T. A. Louis Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Serum Cholesterol and Blood Pressure: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial Arch Fam Med, January 1, 2000; 9(1): 31 - 38. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Iso, M. J. Stampfer, J. E. Manson, K. Rexrode, C. H. Hennekens, G. A. Colditz, F. E. Speizer, and W. C. Willett Prospective Study of Calcium, Potassium, and Magnesium Intake and Risk of Stroke in Women Stroke, September 1, 1999; 30(9): 1772 - 1779. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Grimsgaard, K. H. Bonaa, B. K. Jacobsen, and K. S. Bjerve Plasma Saturated and Linoleic Fatty Acids Are Independently Associated With Blood Pressure Hypertension, September 1, 1999; 34(3): 478 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Anderson and T. J. Hanna Impact of Nondigestible Carbohydrates on Serum Lipoproteins and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease J. Nutr., July 1, 1999; 129(7): 1457 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A. Kotchen and D. A. McCarron Dietary Electrolytes and Blood Pressure : A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee Circulation, August 11, 1998; 98(6): 613 - 617. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kawano, H. Matsuoka, S. Takishita, and T. Omae Effects of Magnesium Supplementation in Hypertensive Patients : Assessment by Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressures Hypertension, August 1, 1998; 32(2): 260 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. El-Hajj Fuleihan, J. Seifter, J. Scott, and E. M. Brown Calcium-Regulated Renal Calcium Handling in Healthy Men: Relationship to Sodium Handling J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 1998; 83(7): 2366 - 2372. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.M. V. Narayan, R. L. Hanson, C. J. Smith, R. G. Nelson, S. B. Gyenizse, D. J. Pettitt, and W. C. Knowler Dietary Calcium and Blood Pressure in a Native American Population J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 1998; 17(1): 59 - 64. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. M. Sacks, W. C. Willett, A. Smith, L. E. Brown, B. Rosner, and T. J. Moore Effect on Blood Pressure of Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium in Women With Low Habitual Intake Hypertension, January 1, 1998; 31(1): 131 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. G. Simons-Morton, S. A. Hunsberger, L. Van Horn, B. A. Barton, A. M. Robson, R. P. McMahon, L. E. Muhonen, P. O. Kwiterovich, N. L. Lasser, S. Y. S. Kimm, et al. Nutrient Intake and Blood Pressure in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children Hypertension, April 1, 1997; 29(4): 930 - 936. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Z. Goldhaber, F. Grodstein, M. J. Stampfer, J. E. Manson, G. A. Colditz, F. E. Speizer, W. C. Willett, and C. H. Hennekens A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism in Women JAMA, February 26, 1997; 277(8): 642 - 645. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. K. Hollenberg, G. Martinez, M. McCullough, T. Meinking, D. Passan, M. Preston, A. Rivera, D. Taplin, and M. Vicaria-Clement Aging, Acculturation, Salt Intake, and Hypertension in the Kuna of Panama Hypertension, January 1, 1997; 29(1): 171 - 176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sanchez, A. de la Sierra, A. Coca, E. Poch, V. Giner, and A. Urbano-Marquez Oral Calcium Supplementation Reduces Intraplatelet Free Calcium Concentration and Insulin Resistance in Essential Hypertensive Patients Hypertension, January 1, 1997; 29(1): 531 - 536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Ascherio, C. Hennekens, W. C. Willett, F. Sacks, B. Rosner, J. Manson, J. Witteman, and M. J. Stampfer Prospective Study of Nutritional Factors, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension Among US Women Hypertension, May 1, 1996; 27(5): 1065 - 1072. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. M. Sacks, L. E. Brown, L. Appel, N. O. Borhani, D. Evans, and P. Whelton Combinations of Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium Supplements in Hypertension Hypertension, December 1, 1995; 26(6): 950 - 956. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Manson, W. C. Willett, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, D. J. Hunter, S. E. Hankinson, C. H. Hennekens, and F. E. Speizer Body Weight and Mortality among Women N. Engl. J. Med., September 14, 1995; 333(11): 677 - 685. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. K. Lardinois Nutritional Factors and Hypertension Arch Fam Med, August 1, 1995; 4(8): 707 - 713. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. C. Willett, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, B. Rosner, F. E. Speizer, and C. H. Hennekens Weight, Weight Change, and Coronary Heart Disease in Women: Risk Within the 'Normal' Weight Range JAMA, February 8, 1995; 273(6): 461 - 465. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Report on Primary Prevention of Hypertension Arch Intern Med, January 25, 1993; 153(2): 186 - 208. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. W. Gillman, S. A. Oliveria, L. L. Moore, and R. C. Ellison Inverse Association of Dietary Calcium With Systolic Blood Pressure in Young Children JAMA, May 6, 1992; 267(17): 2340 - 2343. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. G. Krishna and S. C. Kapoor Potassium Depletion Exacerbates Essential Hypertension Ann Intern Med, July 15, 1991; 115(2): 77 - 83. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|