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Circulation, Vol 74, 1124-1136, Copyright © 1986 by American Heart Association
CE Murry, RB Jennings and KA Reimer
We have previously shown that a brief episode of ischemia slows the rate of
ATP depletion during subsequent ischemic episodes. Additionally,
intermittent reperfusion may be beneficial to the myocardium by washing out
catabolites that have accumulated during ischemia. Thus, we proposed that
multiple brief ischemic episodes might actually protect the heart from a
subsequent sustained ischemic insult. To test this hypothesis, two sets of
experiments were performed. In the first set, one group of dogs (n = 7) was
preconditioned with four 5 min circumflex occlusions, each separated by 5
min of reperfusion, followed by a sustained 40 min occlusion. The control
group (n = 5) received a single 40 min occlusion. In the second study, an
identical preconditioning protocol was followed, and animals (n = 9) then
received a sustained 3 hr occlusion. Control animals (n = 7) received a
single 3 hr occlusion. Animals were allowed 4 days of reperfusion
thereafter. Histologic infarct size then was measured and was related to
the major baseline predictors of infarct size, including the anatomic area
at risk and collateral blood flow. In the 40 min study, preconditioning
with ischemia paradoxically limited infarct size to 25% of that seen in the
control group (p less than .001). Collateral blood flows were not
significantly different in the two groups. In the 3 hr study, there was no
difference between infarct size in the preconditioned and control groups.
The protective effect of preconditioning in the 40 min study may have been
due to reduced ATP depletion and/or to reduced catabolite accumulation
during the sustained occlusion. These results suggest that the multiple
anginal episodes that often precede myocardial infarction in man may delay
cell death after coronary occlusion, and thereby allow for greater salvage
of myocardium through reperfusion therapy.
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 A. V. G. Edwards, M. Y. White, and S. J. Cordwell The Role of Proteomics in Clinical Cardiovascular Biomarker Discovery Mol. Cell. Proteomics, October 1, 2008; 7(10): 1824 - 1837. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 U. Sadat and K. Varty Preconditioning or Postconditioning in Hepatic Surgery Arch Surg, October 1, 2008; 143(10): 1026 - 1026. [Full Text] [PDF]
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 G. G. Abdukeyum, A. J. Owen, and P. L. McLennan Dietary (n-3) Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Inhibit Ischemia and Reperfusion Arrhythmias and Infarction in Rat Heart Not Enhanced by Ischemic Preconditioning J. Nutr., October 1, 2008; 138(10): 1902 - 1909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Ercolani Preconditioning or Postconditioning in Hepatic Surgery--Reply Arch Surg, October 1, 2008; 143(10): 1026 - 1026. [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Feng, M. Zhu, M. C. Schaub, P. Gehrig, B. Roschitzki, E. Lucchinetti, and M. Zaugg Phosphoproteome analysis of isoflurane-protected heart mitochondria: phosphorylation of adenine nucleotide translocator-1 on Tyr194 regulates mitochondrial function Cardiovasc Res, October 1, 2008; 80(1): 20 - 29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Ban, A. J. Cooper, S. Samuel, A. Bhatti, M. Patel, S. Izumo, J. M. Penninger, P. H. Backx, G. Y. Oudit, and R. G. Tsushima Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase {gamma} Is a Critical Mediator of Myocardial Ischemic and Adenosine-Mediated Preconditioning Circ. Res., September 12, 2008; 103(6): 643 - 653. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. T. Nguyen, M. J. Rebecchi, L. C. Moore, P. S. A. Glass, P. R. Brink, and L. Liu Attenuation of Isoflurane-Induced Preconditioning and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in the Senescent Rat Heart Anesth. Analg., September 1, 2008; 107(3): 776 - 782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Murphy, R. Wong, and C. Steenbergen Signalosomes: delivering cardioprotective signals from GPCRs to mitochondria Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): H920 - H922. [Full Text] [PDF]
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Q. C. Yong, S. W. Lee, C. S. Foo, K. L. Neo, X. Chen, and J.-S. Bian Endogenous hydrogen sulphide mediates the cardioprotection induced by ischemic postconditioning Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): H1330 - H1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. M. Boucek, C. Mashburn, S. M. Dunn, R. Frizell, L. Edwards, B. Pietra, D. Campbell, and the Denver Children's Pediatric Heart Transplant T Pediatric Heart Transplantation after Declaration of Cardiocirculatory Death N. Engl. J. Med., August 14, 2008; 359(7): 709 - 714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Wang, N. Oka, M. Tropak, J. Callahan, J. Lee, G. Wilson, A. Redington, and C. A. Caldarone Remote ischemic preconditioning elaborates a transferable blood-borne effector that protects mitochondrial structure and function and preserves myocardial performance after neonatal cardioplegic arrest. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., August 1, 2008; 136(2): 335 - 342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 G. Hoffmann and W. Stempsey The hormesis concept and risk assessment: are there unique ethical and policy considerations? Human and Experimental Toxicology, August 1, 2008; 27(8): 613 - 620. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. E. McAllister, H. Ashrafpour, N. Cahoon, N. Huang, M. A. Moses, P. C. Neligan, C. R. Forrest, J. E. Lipa, and C. Y. Pang Postconditioning for salvage of ischemic skeletal muscle from reperfusion injury: efficacy and mechanism Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): R681 - R689. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Shahid, M. Tauseef, K. K. Sharma, and M. Fahim Brief femoral artery ischaemia provides protection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats: the possible mechanisms Exp Physiol, August 1, 2008; 93(8): 954 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. Xing, H. Chen, M. Zhang, D. Zhao, R. Jiang, X. Liu, and S. Zhang Ischemic Postconditioning Inhibits Apoptosis After Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Stroke, August 1, 2008; 39(8): 2362 - 2369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Nishino, I. G. Webb, S. M. Davidson, A. I. Ahmed, J. E. Clark, S. Jacquet, A. M. Shah, T. Miura, D. M. Yellon, M. Avkiran, et al. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inactivation Is Not Required for Ischemic Preconditioning or Postconditioning in the Mouse Circ. Res., August 1, 2008; 103(3): 307 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. J. Hausenloy and D. M. Yellon Remote ischaemic preconditioning: underlying mechanisms and clinical application Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 2008; 79(3): 377 - 386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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