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(Circulation. 2008;118:2277-2285.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Interventional Cardiology

Drug-Eluting or Bare-Metal Stenting in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Results From the Massachusetts Data Analysis Center Registry

Pallav Garg, MBBS, MSc; Sharon-Lise T. Normand, PhD; Treacy S. Silbaugh, BSc; Robert E. Wolf, MS; Katya Zelevinsky, BA; Ann Lovett, RN, MA; Manu R. Varma, BS; Zheng Zhou, MD, PhD; Laura Mauri, MD, MSc

From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (P.G., M.R.V., Z.Z., L.M.), Harvard Clinical Research Institute (L.M.), Harvard Medical School (S.-L.T.N., T.S.S., R.E.W., K.Z., A.L., L.M.), and Harvard School of Public Health (S.-L.T.N.), Boston, Mass.

Correspondence to Laura Mauri, MD, MSc, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115.

Received September 8, 2008; accepted October 3, 2008.

Background— Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk for restenosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac mortality after coronary stenting, and the long-term safety of drug-eluting stents (DES) relative to bare-metal stents (BMS) in DM is uncertain. We report on a large consecutive series of patients with DM followed up for 3 years after DES and BMS from a regional contemporary US practice with mandatory reporting.

Methods and Results— All adults with DM undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting between April 1, 2003, and September 30, 2004, at all acute care nonfederal hospitals in Massachusetts were identified from a mandatory state database. According to index admission stent type, patients were classified as DES treated if all stents were drug eluting and as BMS treated if all stents were bare metal; patients treated with both types of stents were excluded from the primary analysis. Mortality rates were obtained from vital statistics records, and myocardial infarction and revascularization rates were obtained from the state database with complete 3 years of follow-up on the entire cohort. Risk-adjusted mortality, myocardial infarction, and revascularization differences (DES–BMS) were estimated with propensity-score matching based on clinical, procedural, hospital, and insurance information collected at the index admission. DM was present in 5051 patients (29% of the population) treated with DES or BMS during the study. Patients with DM were more likely to receive DES than BMS (66.1% versus 33.9%; P<0.001). The unadjusted cumulative incidence of mortality at 3 years was 14.4% in DES versus 22.2% in BMS (P<0.001). Based on propensity-score analysis of 1:1 matched DES versus BMS patients (1476 DES:1476 BMS), the risk-adjusted mortality, MI, and target vessel revascularization rates at 3 years were 17.5% versus 20.7% (risk difference, –3.2%; 95% confidence interval, –6.0 to –0.4; P=0.02), 13.8% versus 16.9% (–3.0%; 95% confidence interval, –5.6 to 0.5; P=0.02), and 18.4% versus 23.7% (–5.4%; confidence interval, –8.3 to –2.4; P<0.001), respectively.

Conclusions— In a real-world diabetic patient population with mandatory reporting and follow-up, DES were associated with reduced mortality, myocardial infarction, and revascularization rates at long-term follow-up compared with BMS.

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CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE

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