Published online before print August 28, 2006, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.620864
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2006;114:1056-1062.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.
Pediatric Cardiology |
Distribution of Lipoproteins by Age and Gender in Adolescents
From the School of Kinesiology and Health Studies (C.J.J., I.J.) and Department of Community Health and Epidemiology (I.J.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Reprint requests to Ian Janssen, PhD, School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, 69 Union St, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6. E-mail janssen{at}post.queensu.ca
Received February 13, 2006; revision received June 13, 2006; accepted June 23, 2006.
Background— The current National Cholesterol Education Program lipoprotein classification system for children and adolescents is recommended for use among 2- to 19-year-olds. This classification system does not take into account gender differences or the natural fluctuations in lipoprotein concentrations that occur with growth and maturation.
Methods and Results— Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were used to develop age- and gender-specific thresholds that can be used to denote abnormal levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Each curve was linked to the adult National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III lipoprotein thresholds using LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) growth curve regression methods. A series of growth curves and tables are presented that can be used to diagnose high-risk lipoprotein levels in the clinical and research settings. For example, in 1-year increments for males starting at age 12 and extending to age 19 years, the high-risk thresholds for total cholesterol were 6.03, 5.83, 5.70, 5.70, 5.77, 5.88, 6.02, and 6.16 mmol/L. The corresponding high-risk threshold for adults (
20 years) is 6.22 mmol/L.
Conclusions— The present study is the first attempt at developing age- and gender-specific lipoprotein threshold concentrations for adolescents. This new classification system should provide a more accurate diagnosis of high-risk lipoprotein levels and associated cardiovascular risks in adolescents.
CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE
Related Article:
-
Issue Highlights
Circulation 2006 114: 985.[Extract] [Full Text]
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Tomaszewski, F. J. Charchar, T. Barnes, M. Gawron-Kiszka, A. Sedkowska, E. Podolecka, J. Kowalczyk, W. Rathbone, Z. Kalarus, W. Grzeszczak, et al. A Common Variant in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6 Gene (LRP6) Is Associated With LDL-Cholesterol Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 2009; 29(9): 1316 - 1321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Lee, A. Gebremariam, P. Card-Higginson, J. L. Shaw, J. W. Thompson, and M. M. Davis Poor Performance of Body Mass Index as a Marker for Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, August 1, 2009; 163(8): 716 - 723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. G. Magnussen, A. Venn, R. Thomson, M. Juonala, S. R. Srinivasan, J. S.A. Viikari, G. S. Berenson, T. Dwyer, and O. T. Raitakari The association of pediatric low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia classifications and change in dyslipidemia status with carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood evidence from the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study, the Bogalusa Heart study, and the CDAH (Childhood Determinants of Adult Health) study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 10, 2009; 53(10): 860 - 869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Daniels Can lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in childhood predict adult atherosclerosis? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 10, 2009; 53(10): 870 - 871. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. P. August, S. Caprio, I. Fennoy, M. Freemark, F. R. Kaufman, R. H. Lustig, J. H. Silverstein, P. W. Speiser, D. M. Styne, and V. M. Montori Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline Based on Expert Opinion J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2008; 93(12): 4576 - 4599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. O. Kwiterovich Jr. Recognition and Management of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2008; 93(11): 4200 - 4209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. O. Kwiterovich Cut Points for Lipids and Lipoproteins in Children and Adolescents: Should They Be Reassessed? Clin. Chem., July 1, 2008; 54(7): 1113 - 1115. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. G. Magnussen, O. T. Raitakari, R. Thomson, M. Juonala, D. A. Patel, J. S.A. Viikari, J. Marniemi, S. R. Srinivasan, G. S. Berenson, T. Dwyer, et al. Utility of Currently Recommended Pediatric Dyslipidemia Classifications in Predicting Dyslipidemia in Adulthood: Evidence From the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) Study, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, and Bogalusa Heart Study Circulation, January 1, 2008; 117(1): 32 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Velasquez-Mieyer, C. P. Neira, R. Nieto, and P. A. Cowan Review: Obesity and cardiometabolic syndrome in children Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, October 1, 2007; 1(1): 61 - 81. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Ardoin, C. Sandborg, and L. Schanberg Review: Management of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, August 1, 2007; 16(8): 618 - 626. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. W. McCrindle, E. M. Urbina, B. A. Dennison, M. S. Jacobson, J. Steinberger, A. P. Rocchini, L. L. Hayman, and S. R. Daniels Drug Therapy of High-Risk Lipid Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth Committee, Council of Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, With the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing Circulation, April 10, 2007; 115(14): 1948 - 1967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Gidding New Cholesterol Guidelines for Children? Circulation, September 5, 2006; 114(10): 989 - 991. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|