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(Circulation. 2004;110:2383-2388.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.

Heart Failure

Opposite Patterns of Left Ventricular Remodeling After Coronary Revascularization in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Role of Myocardial Viability

Vittoria Rizzello, MD; Don Poldermans, MD; Eric Boersma, PhD; Elena Biagini, MD; Arend F.L. Schinkel, MD; Boudewijn Krenning, MD; Abdou Elhendy, MD; Eleni C. Vourvouri, MD; Fabiola B. Sozzi, MD; Alexander Maat, MD; Filippo Crea, MD; Jos R.T.C. Roelandt, MD; Jeroen J. Bax, MD

From the Department of Cardiology, The Catholic University of the Sacred Heart (V.R., F.C.), Rome, Italy; Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter (D.P., E. Boersma, E. Biagini, A.F.L.S., B.K., A.E., E.C.V., F.B.S., A.M., J.R.T.C.R.), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands; and the Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (J.J.B.), Leiden, Netherlands.

Correspondence to Don Poldermans, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter Room Ba 300, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, Netherlands. E-mail d.poldermans{at}erasmusmc.nl

Received November 18, 2003; de novo received March 30, 2004; revision received June 9, 2004; accepted June 10, 2004.

Background— In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, left ventricular (LV) remodeling is an important prognostic indicator. The precise relation between viable myocardium, revascularization, and ongoing or reversed remodeling is unknown and was evaluated in the present study.

Methods and Results— A total of 100 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography to assess myocardial viability and LV geometry (volumes and shape). At a mean of 10.2 months and 4.5 years after revascularization, resting echocardiography was repeated to evaluate LV remodeling. Long-term follow-up (mean 5±2 years) data were obtained. According to dobutamine stress echocardiography, 44 patients (44%) were defined as viable (4 viable segments) and 56 as nonviable. After revascularization, 40 patients (43%) had ongoing LV remodeling and 53 (57%) did not (in 7 patients who died early after revascularization, postoperative echocardiographic evaluation was not available). On multivariable analysis, the number of viable segments was the only predictor of ongoing LV remodeling (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.75; P<0.0001). The likelihood of LV remodeling decreased as the number of viable segments increased. During the follow-up, reverse remodeling was present in viable patients, whereas in nonviable patients, LV volumes significantly increased, which indicates ongoing LV remodeling. At follow-up, viable patients also showed a persistent improvement of heart failure symptoms and fewer cardiac events than nonviable patients (P<0.05).

Conclusions— In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, a substantial amount of viable myocardium prevents ongoing LV remodeling after revascularization and is associated with persistent improvement of symptoms and better outcome.

Key Words: remodeling • revascularization • cardiomyopathy

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