Published online before print September 27, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143162.56057.B5
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(Circulation. 2004;110:2047-2052.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
Vascular Medicine |
Recombinant Human Antibodies Against Aldehyde-Modified Apolipoprotein B-100 Peptide Sequences Inhibit Atherosclerosis
From the Department of Medicine (A.S., I.S., S.J., S.L., M.P.S.A., J.N., G.N.F.), Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, and BioInvent International AB (J.B., R.C.), Lund, Sweden; the Atherosclerosis Research Center (P.K.S.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif; and the Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science (G.N.F.), Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
Correspondence to Alexandru Schiopu, Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Wallenberg Laboratory, Entrance 46, 1st Floor, Malmö University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden. E-mail Alexandru.Schiopu{at}medforsk.mas.lu.se
Received October 9, 2003; de novo received March 3, 2004; revision received May 17, 2004; accepted May 20, 2004.
Background— Accumulation and oxidation of LDL are believed to be important initiating factors in atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL is recognized by the immune system, and animal studies have suggested that these immune responses have a protective effect against atherosclerosis. Aldehyde-modified peptide sequences in apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) are major targets for these immune responses.
Methods and Results— Human IgG1 antibodies against 2 malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified apoB-100 peptide sequences were produced through screening of a single-chain antibody-fragment library and subsequent cloning into a pcDNA3 vector. Three weekly doses of these antibodies were injected into male apoE–/– mice. Phosphate-buffered saline and human IgG1 antibodies against fluorescein isothiocyanate were used as controls. One of the IgG1 antibodies significantly and dose-dependently reduced the extent of atherosclerosis as well as the plaque content of oxidized LDL epitopes and macrophages. In cell culture studies, human monocytes were incubated with native LDL or oxidized LDL, in the presence of antibodies. The same antibody induced an increase in monocyte binding and uptake of oxidized LDL.
Conclusions— These findings suggest that antibodies are important mediators of atheroprotective immune responses directed to oxidized LDL. Thus, passive immunization against MDA-modified apoB-100 peptide sequences may represent a novel therapeutic approach for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • antibodies • apolipoproteins • immune system • plaque
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