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(Circulation. 2004;109:2655-2671.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
AHA Scientific Statement |
Air pollution is a heterogeneous, complex mixture of gases, liquids, and particulate matter. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for cardiovascular events in relation to both short- and long-term exposure to present-day concentrations of ambient particulate matter. Several plausible mechanistic pathways have been described, including enhanced coagulation/thrombosis, a propensity for arrhythmias, acute arterial vasoconstriction, systemic inflammatory responses, and the chronic promotion of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this statement is to provide healthcare professionals and regulatory agencies with a comprehensive review of the literature on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. In addition, the implications of these findings in relation to public health and regulatory policies are addressed. Practical recommendations for healthcare providers and their patients are outlined. In the final section, suggestions for future research are made to address a number of remaining scientific questions.
Key Words: AHA Scientific Statements air pollution cardiovascular diseases respiration
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N Kunzli and F Forastiere Air pollution and arrhythmia: the case is not over. Occup. Environ. Med., September 1, 2006; 63(9): 577 - 578. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. M. Symons, L. Wang, E. Guallar, E. Howell, F. Dominici, M. Schwab, B. A. Ange, J. Samet, J. Ondov, D. Harrison, et al. A Case-Crossover Study of Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Onset of Congestive Heart Failure Symptom Exacerbation Leading to Hospitalization Am. J. Epidemiol., September 1, 2006; 164(5): 421 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Z. Li, X. Hyseni, J. D. Carter, J. M. Soukup, L. A. Dailey, and Y.-C. T. Huang Pollutant particles enhanced H2O2 production from NAD(P)H oxidase and mitochondria in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): C357 - C365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. Cozzi, S. Hazarika, H. W. Stallings III, W. E. Cascio, R. B. Devlin, R. M. Lust, C. J. Wingard, and M. R. Van Scott Ultrafine particulate matter exposure augments ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): H894 - H903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G. M. Mutlu, C. Snyder, A. Bellmeyer, H. Wang, K. Hawkins, S. Soberanes, L. C. Welch, A. J. Ghio, N. S. Chandel, D. Kamp, et al. Airborne Particulate Matter Inhibits Alveolar Fluid Reabsorption in Mice via Oxidant Generation Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2006; 34(6): 670 - 676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Yamawaki and N. Iwai Cytotoxicity of water-soluble fullerene in vascular endothelial cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): C1495 - C1502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C.-C. Chan, K.-J. Chuang, L.-C. Chien, W.-J. Chen, and W.-T. Chang Urban air pollution and emergency admissions for cerebrovascular diseases in Taipei, Taiwan Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2006; 27(10): 1238 - 1244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Nawrot, A. Nemmar, and B. Nemery Update in environmental and occupational medicine 2005. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2006; 173(9): 948 - 952. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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F Ballester, P Rodriguez, C Iniguez, M Saez, A Daponte, I Galan, M Taracido, F Arribas, J Bellido, F B Cirarda, et al. Air pollution and cardiovascular admissions association in Spain: results within the EMECAS project. J Epidemiol Community Health, April 1, 2006; 60(4): 328 - 336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Gonzalez-Villalva, T. I Fortoul, M. R. Avila-Costa, G. Pinon-Zarate, V. Rodriguez-Lara, G. Martinez-Levy, M. Rojas-Lemus, P. Bizarro-Nevarez, P. Diaz-Bech, P. Mussali-Galante, et al. Thrombocytosis induced in mice after subacute and subchronic V2O5 inhalation Toxicology and Industrial Health, April 1, 2006; 22(3): 113 - 116. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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