Circulation. 2004;109:1594-1602
Published online before print March 15, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000124490.27666.B2
Published online before print March 15, 2004, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000124490.27666.B2
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2004;109:1594-1602.)
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Targeted Anticytokine Therapy in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Results of the Randomized Etanercept Worldwide Evaluation (RENEWAL)
From the Winters Center for Heart Failure Research (D.L.M.), Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston VA, Houston, Tex; Department of Cardiology, Western Infirmary (J.J.V.M.), Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Dallas Southwestern Medical Center (M.P.), Dallas, Tex; Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra (K.S.), Göteborg, Sweden; Division of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University (J.S.B.), New York, NY; Division of Cardiology, Boston Medical Center (W.S.C.), Boston, Mass; Wyeth Research (J.D.), Paris, France; Medizinische Hochschule (H.D.), Hannover, Germany; Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (A.F.), Pittsburgh, Pa; Gentofte Hospital/University of Copenhagen (L.K.), Department of Cardiology, Niels Andersens Vej, Denmark; Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Alfred Hospital (H.K.), Prahran, Victoria, Australia; The Toronto Hospital (P.L.), Cardiology Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital (M.N.), Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki, Finland; Divisione di Cardiologia, Policlinico San Matteo-IRCCS (L.T.), Pavia, Italy; Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen (D.J.v.V.), Cardio Research, GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Umea University Hospital (A.W.), Umea, Sweden; Amgen Inc (M.W.), Thousand Oaks, Calif; Medicinsk Klinikk (A.W.), Hjertemedisinsk Avd, Ullevål Sykehus, Oslo, Norway; Centre d’Investigation Clinique (F.Z.), Hopital Jeanne d’Arc, Dommartin Les Toul Cedex, France; and Department of Biostatistics (T.F.), University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
Correspondence to Douglas L Mann, MD, Winters Center for Heart Failure Research, MS 524, 6565 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail dmann{at}bcm.tmc.edu
Received December 20, 2003; revision received January 26, 2004; accepted January 26, 2004.
Background— Studies in experimental models and preliminary clinical experience suggested a possible therapeutic role for the soluble tumor necrosis factor antagonist etanercept in heart failure.
Methods and Results— Patients with New York Heart Association class II to IV chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction 
0.30 were enrolled in 2 clinical trials that differed only in the doses of etanercept used. In RECOVER, patients received placebo (n=373) or subcutaneous etanercept in doses of 25 mg every week (n=375) or 25 mg twice per week (n=375). In RENAISSANCE, patients received placebo (n=309), etanercept 25 mg twice per week (n=308), or etanercept 25 mg 3 times per week (n=308). The primary end point of each individual trial was clinical status at 24 weeks. Analysis of the effect of the 2 higher doses of etanercept on the combined outcome of death or hospitalization due to chronic heart failure from the 2 studies was also planned (RENEWAL). On the basis of prespecified stopping rules, both trials were terminated prematurely owing to lack of benefit. Etanercept had no effect on clinical status in RENAISSANCE (P=0.17) or RECOVER (P=0.34) and had no effect on the death or chronic heart failure hospitalization end point in RENEWAL (etanercept to placebo relative risk=1.1, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.33, P=0.33).
Conclusions— The results of RENEWAL rule out a clinically relevant benefit of etanercept on the rate of death or hospitalization due to chronic heart failure.
Key Words: heart failure • tumor necrosis factor • etanercept • cytokines
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Y. Emmert, S. P. Salzberg, L. S. Emmert, S. Behjati, A. Plass, C. Felix, V. Falk, and J. Gruenenfelder Severe cardiomyopathy following treatment with the tumour necrosis factor-{alpha} inhibitor adalimumab for Crohn's disease Eur J Heart Fail, November 1, 2009; 11(11): 1106 - 1109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Apostolakis, G. Y.H. Lip, and E. Shantsila Monocytes in heart failure: relationship to a deteriorating immune overreaction or a desperate attempt for tissue repair? Cardiovasc Res, October 28, 2009; (2009) cvp327v2. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. N. Willette, M. E. Eybye, A. R. Olzinski, D. J. Behm, N. Aiyar, K. Maniscalco, R. G. Bentley, R. W. Coatney, S. Zhao, T. D. Westfall, et al. Differential Effects of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors in a Model of Cardiovascular Disease J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., September 1, 2009; 330(3): 964 - 970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-M. Kang, R.-L. He, L.-M. Yang, D.-N. Qin, A. Guggilam, C. Elks, N. Yan, Z. Guo, and J. Francis Brain tumour necrosis factor-{alpha} modulates neurotransmitters in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in heart failure Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2009; 83(4): 737 - 746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Defer, J. Wan, R. Souktani, B. Escoubet, M. Perier, P. Caramelle, S. Manin, V. Deveaux, M.-C. Bourin, A. Zimmer, et al. The cannabinoid receptor type 2 promotes cardiac myocyte and fibroblast survival and protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyopathy FASEB J, July 1, 2009; 23(7): 2120 - 2130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-M. Kang, Y. Ma, J.-P. Zheng, C. Elks, S. Sriramula, Z.-M. Yang, and J. Francis Brain nuclear factor-kappa B activation contributes to neurohumoral excitation in angiotensin II-induced hypertension Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2009; 82(3): 503 - 512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Niessner, P. J. Hohensinner, K. Rychli, S. Neuhold, G. Zorn, B. Richter, M. Hulsmann, R. Berger, D. Mortl, K. Huber, et al. Prognostic value of apoptosis markers in advanced heart failure patients Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2009; 30(7): 789 - 796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Dhingra, A. K. Sharma, R. C. Arora, J. Slezak, and P. K. Singal IL-10 attenuates TNF-{alpha}-induced NF{kappa}B pathway activation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2009; 82(1): 59 - 66. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Fildes, S. M. Shaw, N. Yonan, and S. G. Williams The Immune System and Chronic Heart Failure: Is the Heart in Control? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 24, 2009; 53(12): 1013 - 1020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Patten and M. R. Hall-Porter Small Animal Models of Heart Failure: Development of Novel Therapies, Past and Present Circ Heart Fail, March 1, 2009; 2(2): 138 - 144. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. R. Zandbergen, U. C. Sharma, S. Gupta, J. W. H. Verjans, S. van den Borne, S. Pokharel, T. van Brakel, A. Duijvestijn, N. van Rooijen, J. G. Maessen, et al. Macrophage Depletion in Hypertensive Rats Accelerates Development of Cardiomyopathy Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, March 1, 2009; 14(1): 68 - 75. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Wedel, J. J.V. McMurray, M. Lindberg, J. Wikstrand, J. G.F. Cleland, J. H. Cornel, P. Dunselman, A. Hjalmarson, J. Kjekshus, M. Komajda, et al. Predictors of fatal and non-fatal outcomes in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure (CORONA): incremental value of apolipoprotein A-1, high-sensitivity C-reactive peptide and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide Eur J Heart Fail, March 1, 2009; 11(3): 281 - 291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Landmesser, K. C. Wollert, and H. Drexler Potential novel pharmacological therapies for myocardial remodelling Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2009; 81(3): 519 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Hori and K. Nishida Oxidative stress and left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2009; 81(3): 457 - 464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Fu Inflammation in chronic heart failure: what is familiar, what is unfamiliar? Eur J Heart Fail, February 1, 2009; 11(2): 111 - 112. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Shaw, M. K.H. Shah, S. G. Williams, and J. E. Fildes Immunological mechanisms of pentoxifylline in chronic heart failure Eur J Heart Fail, February 1, 2009; 11(2): 113 - 118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Heymans, E. Hirsch, S. D. Anker, P. Aukrust, J.-L. Balligand, J. W. Cohen-Tervaert, H. Drexler, G. Filippatos, S. B. Felix, L. Gullestad, et al. Inflammation as a therapeutic target in heart failure? A scientific statement from the Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Eur J Heart Fail, February 1, 2009; 11(2): 119 - 129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Lynch III Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia/Fibrosis, and Sarcoidosis ACCP Pulmonary Med Brd Rev, January 1, 2009; 25(0): 635 - 686. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. McMurray, M. Petrie, K. Swedberg, M. Komajda, S. Anker, and R. Gardner CHAPTER 23 Heart Failure ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, January 1, 2009; 2(1): med-9780199566990-chapter - med-9780199566990-chapter. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Gao, H. Zhang, S. Belmadani, J. Wu, X. Xu, H. Elford, B. J. Potter, and C. Zhang Role of TNF-{alpha}-induced reactive oxygen species in endothelial dysfunction during reperfusion injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2008; 295(6): H2242 - H2249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A. Markel, P. R. Crisostomo, M. Wang, Y. Wang, T. Lahm, N. M. Novotny, J. Tan, and D. R. Meldrum TNFR1 signaling resistance associated with female stem cell cytokine production is independent of TNFR2-mediated pathways Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2008; 295(4): R1124 - R1130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Wang, P. R. Crisostomo, T. A. Markel, Y. Wang, and D. R. Meldrum Mechanisms of Sex Differences in TNFR2-Mediated Cardioprotection Circulation, September 30, 2008; 118(14_suppl_1): S38 - S45. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Takahashi, S. Fukushima, K. Yamahara, K. Yashiro, Y. Shintani, S. R. Coppen, H. K. Salem, S. W. Brouilette, M. H. Yacoub, and K. Suzuki Modulated Inflammation by Injection of High-Mobility Group Box 1 Recovers Post-Infarction Chronically Failing Heart Circulation, September 30, 2008; 118(14_suppl_1): S106 - S114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Hauptman All clinical trials are not created equal: The dilemma of HEAAL Eur J Heart Fail, September 1, 2008; 10(9): 817 - 818. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Bauer, G.A. MacGowan, A. Blain, K. Bushby, and V. Straub Steroid treatment causes deterioration of myocardial function in the {delta}-sarcoglycan-deficient mouse model for dilated cardiomyopathy Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2008; 79(4): 652 - 661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Dunlay, S. A. Weston, M. M. Redfield, J. M. Killian, and V. L. Roger Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} and Mortality in Heart Failure: A Community Study Circulation, August 5, 2008; 118(6): 625 - 631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Leuschner, J. Li, S. Goser, L. Reinhardt, R. Ottl, P. Bride, J. Zehelein, G. Pfitzer, A. Remppis, E. Giannitsis, et al. Absence of auto-antibodies against cardiac troponin I predicts improvement of left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction Eur. Heart J., August 2, 2008; 29(16): 1949 - 1955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Finley IV, M. A. Konstam, and J. E. Udelson Arginine Vasopressin Antagonists for the Treatment of Heart Failure and Hyponatremia Circulation, July 22, 2008; 118(4): 410 - 421. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. C Parish and J. D Evans Inflammation in Chronic Heart Failure Ann. Pharmacother., July 1, 2008; 42(7): 1002 - 1016. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-M. Kang, Z.-H. Zhang, B. Xue, R. M. Weiss, and R. B. Felder Inhibition of brain proinflammatory cytokine synthesis reduces hypothalamic excitation in rats with ischemia-induced heart failure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): H227 - H236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Kompa, F. See, D. A. Lewis, A. Adrahtas, D. M. Cantwell, B. H. Wang, and H. Krum Long-Term but Not Short-Term p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibition Improves Cardiac Function and Reduces Cardiac Remodeling Post-Myocardial Infarction J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., June 1, 2008; 325(3): 741 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Braunwald Biomarkers in Heart Failure N. Engl. J. Med., May 15, 2008; 358(20): 2148 - 2159. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Hori and K. Nishida Toll-Like Receptor Signaling: Defensive or Offensive for the Heart? Circ. Res., February 1, 2008; 102(2): 137 - 139. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. E. Goldstein and D. Fischberg Update in Palliative Medicine Ann Intern Med, January 15, 2008; 148(2): 135 - 140. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. S. Williams, S. J. Shah, S. Ali, B. Y. Na, N. B. Schiller, and M. A. Whooley C-reactive protein, diastolic dysfunction, and risk of heart failure in patients with coronary disease: Heart and Soul Study Eur J Heart Fail, January 1, 2008; 10(1): 63 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Boor, K. Sebekova, T. Ostendorf, and J. Floege Treatment targets in renal fibrosis Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., December 1, 2007; 22(12): 3391 - 3407. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Seo and J. M. Hare The Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}/Smad3 Pathway: Coming of Age as a Key Participant in Cardiac Remodeling Circulation, November 6, 2007; 116(19): 2096 - 2098. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. H. Zucker, J. F. Hackley, K. G. Cornish, B. A. Hiser, N. R. Anderson, R. Kieval, E. D. Irwin, D. J. Serdar, J. D. Peuler, and M. A. Rossing Chronic Baroreceptor Activation Enhances Survival in Dogs With Pacing-Induced Heart Failure Hypertension, November 1, 2007; 50(5): 904 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W G Dixon and D P M Symmons What effects might anti-TNF{alpha} treatment be expected to have on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis? A review of the role of TNF{alpha} in cardiovascular pathophysiology Ann Rheum Dis, September 1, 2007; 66(9): 1132 - 1136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mozaffarian, S. D. Anker, I. Anand, D. T. Linker, M. D. Sullivan, J. G.F. Cleland, P. E. Carson, A. P. Maggioni, D. L. Mann, B. Pitt, et al. Prediction of Mode of Death in Heart Failure: The Seattle Heart Failure Model Circulation, July 24, 2007; 116(4): 392 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Monden, T. Kubota, T. Inoue, T. Tsutsumi, S. Kawano, T. Ide, H. Tsutsui, and K. Sunagawa Tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} is toxic via receptor 1 and protective via receptor 2 in a murine model of myocardial infarction Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H743 - H753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Guggilam, M. Haque, E. K. Kerut, E. McIlwain, P. Lucchesi, I. Seghal, and J. Francis TNF-{alpha} blockade decreases oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus and attenuates sympathoexcitation in heart failure rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H599 - H609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Schulze Chromogranin A: friend or foe of the failing myocardium? Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2007; 28(9): 1052 - 1053. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Monden, T. Kubota, T. Tsutsumi, T. Inoue, S. Kawano, N. Kawamura, T. Ide, K. Egashira, H. Tsutsui, and K. Sunagawa Soluble TNF receptors prevent apoptosis in infiltrating cells and promote ventricular rupture and remodeling after myocardial infarction Cardiovasc Res, March 1, 2007; 73(4): 794 - 805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. Khush, D. D. Waters, V. Bittner, P. C. Deedwania, J. J.P. Kastelein, S. J. Lewis, and N. K. Wenger Effect of High-Dose Atorvastatin on Hospitalizations for Heart Failure: Subgroup Analysis of the Treating to New Targets (TNT) Study Circulation, February 6, 2007; 115(5): 576 - 583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. von Haehling, W. Doehner, and S. D Anker Nutrition, metabolism, and the complex pathophysiology of cachexia in chronic heart failure Cardiovasc Res, January 15, 2007; 73(2): 298 - 309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Skyschally, P. Gres, S. Hoffmann, M. Haude, R. Erbel, R. Schulz, and G. Heusch Bidirectional Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} in Coronary Microembolization: Progressive Contractile Dysfunction Versus Delayed Protection Against Infarction Circ. Res., January 5, 2007; 100(1): 140 - 146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Csiszar, N. Labinskyy, K. Smith, A. Rivera, Z. Orosz, and Z. Ungvari Vasculoprotective Effects of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Treatment in Aging Am. J. Pathol., January 1, 2007; 170(1): 388 - 698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Linde, D. Mosier, F. Blecha, and T. Melgarejo Innate immunity and inflammation - New frontiers in comparative cardiovascular pathology Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2007; 73(1): 26 - 36. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bellahcene, S. Jacquet, X. B. Cao, M. Tanno, R. S. Haworth, J. Layland, A. M. Kabir, M. Gaestel, R. J. Davis, R. A. Flavell, et al. Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Contributes to the Early Cardiodepressant Action of Tumor Necrosis Factor J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2006; 48(3): 545 - 555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. B. Granger and J. J.V. McMurray Using Measures of Disease Progression to Determine Therapeutic Effect: A Sirens' Song J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2006; 48(3): 434 - 437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Wang, B. M. Tsai, P. R. Crisostomo, and D. R. Meldrum Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 Signaling Resistance in the Female Myocardium During Ischemia Circulation, July 4, 2006; 114(1_suppl): I-282 - I-289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kaur, A. K. Sharma, and P. K. Singal Significance of changes in TNF-{alpha} and IL-10 levels in the progression of heart failure subsequent to myocardial infarction Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2006; 291(1): H106 - H113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Jhund and J. J.V. McMurray Does Aspirin Reduce the Benefit of an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor?: Choosing Between the Scylla of Observational Studies and the Charybdis of Subgroup Analysis Circulation, June 6, 2006; 113(22): 2566 - 2568. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Genth-Zotz, S. von Haehling, A. P. Bolger, P. R. Kalra, R. Wensel, A. J.S. Coats, H.-D. Volk, and S. D. Anker The anti-CD14 antibody IC14 suppresses ex vivo endotoxin stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with chronic heart failure Eur J Heart Fail, June 1, 2006; 8(4): 366 - 372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Lechat The evolution of heart failure management over recent decades: from CONSENSUS to CIBIS Eur. Heart J. Suppl., June 1, 2006; 8(suppl_C): C5 - C12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Jankowska, P. Ponikowski, M. F. Piepoli, W. Banasiak, S. D. Anker, and P. A. Poole-Wilson Autonomic imbalance and immune activation in chronic heart failure - Pathophysiological links Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2006; 70(3): 434 - 445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E Morley, D. R Thomas, and M.-M. G Wilson Cachexia: pathophysiology and clinical relevance. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2006; 83(4): 735 - 743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. C. Levy, D. Mozaffarian, D. T. Linker, S. C. Sutradhar, S. D. Anker, A. B. Cropp, I. Anand, A. Maggioni, P. Burton, M. D. Sullivan, et al. The Seattle Heart Failure Model: Prediction of Survival in Heart Failure Circulation, March 21, 2006; 113(11): 1424 - 1433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Carson, I. Anand, C. O'Connor, B. Jaski, J. Steinberg, A. Lwin, J. Lindenfeld, J. Ghali, J. H. Barnet, A. M. Feldman, et al. Mode of Death in Advanced Heart Failure: The Comparison of Medical, Pacing, and Defibrillation Therapies in Heart Failure (COMPANION) Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 20, 2005; 46(12): 2329 - 2334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. C. Hall and N. Dalbeth Disease modification and cardiovascular risk reduction: two sides of the same coin? Rheumatology, December 1, 2005; 44(12): 1473 - 1482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Jankowska, S. von Haehling, A. Czarny, E. Zaczynska, A. Kus, S. D. Anker, W. Banasiak, and P. Ponikowski Activation of the NF-{kappa}B system in peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with chronic heart failure Eur J Heart Fail, October 1, 2005; 7(6): 984 - 990. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Grundmann, I. Hoefer, S. Ulusans, N. van Royen, S. H. Schirmer, C. K. Ozaki, C. Bode, J. J. Piek, and I. Buschmann Anti-tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} therapies attenuate adaptive arteriogenesis in the rabbit Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): H1497 - H1505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Clark and J. G.F. Cleland Anemia and Chronic Heart Failure: Are We Asking the Right Questions? Circulation, September 20, 2005; 112(12): 1681 - 1683. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P Sarzi-Puttini, F Atzeni, A Doria, L Iaccarino, and M Turiel Tumor necrosis factor-a, biologic agents and cardiovascular risk Lupus, September 1, 2005; 14(9): 780 - 784. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Kassiri, G. Y. Oudit, O. Sanchez, F. Dawood, F. F. Mohammed, R. K. Nuttall, D. R. Edwards, P. P. Liu, P. H. Backx, and R. Khokha Combination of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Ablation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition Prevents Heart Failure After Pressure Overload in Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 Knock-Out Mice Circ. Res., August 19, 2005; 97(4): 380 - 390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mancini and D. Burkhoff Mechanical Device-Based Methods of Managing and Treating Heart Failure Circulation, July 19, 2005; 112(3): 438 - 448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gurantz, A. Yndestad, B. Halvorsen, O. V. Lunde, J. H. Omens, T. Ueland, P. Aukrust, C. D. Moore, J. Kjekshus, and B. H. Greenberg Etanercept or intravenous immunoglobulin attenuates expression of genes involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2005; 67(1): 106 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Burkhoff and S. A. Ben-Haim Nonexcitatory electrical signals for enhancing ventricular contractility: rationale and initial investigations of an experimental treatment for heart failure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): H2550 - H2556. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. P. Havranek Improving the Outcomes of Heart Failure Care: Putting Technology Second J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 17, 2005; 45(10): 1665 - 1666. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. M. Kittleson, K. M. Minhas, R. A. Irizarry, S. Q. Ye, G. Edness, E. Breton, J. V. Conte, G. Tomaselli, J. G. N. Garcia, and J. M. Hare Gene expression analysis of ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy: shared and distinct genes in the development of heart failure Physiol Genomics, May 11, 2005; 21(3): 299 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P J Mease and C E Antoni Psoriatic arthritis treatment: biological response modifiers Ann Rheum Dis, March 1, 2005; 64(suppl_2): ii78 - ii82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. T. Yan, R. T. Yan, and P. P. Liu Narrative Review: Pharmacotherapy for Chronic Heart Failure: Evidence from Recent Clinical Trials Ann Intern Med, January 18, 2005; 142(2): 132 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lecour, L. Rochette, and L. Opie Free radicals trigger TNF{alpha}-induced cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2005; 65(1): 239 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J.V. McMurray and M. A. Pfeffer The year in heart failure J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 21, 2004; 44(12): 2398 - 2405. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sun, F. Dawood, W.-H. Wen, M. Chen, I. Dixon, L. A. Kirshenbaum, and P. P. Liu Excessive Tumor Necrosis Factor Activation After Infarction Contributes to Susceptibility of Myocardial Rupture and Left Ventricular Dysfunction Circulation, November 16, 2004; 110(20): 3221 - 3228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. C. Sharma, S. Pokharel, T. J. van Brakel, J. H. van Berlo, J. P.M. Cleutjens, B. Schroen, S. Andre, H. J.G.M. Crijns, H.-J. Gabius, J. Maessen, et al. Galectin-3 Marks Activated Macrophages in Failure-Prone Hypertrophied Hearts and Contributes to Cardiac Dysfunction Circulation, November 9, 2004; 110(19): 3121 - 3128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Torre-Amione, F. Sestier, B. Radovancevic, and J. Young Effects of a novel immune modulation therapy in patients with advanced chronic heart failure: Results of a randomized, controlled, phase II trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 15, 2004; 44(6): 1181 - 1186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Other articles noted Evid. Based Med., September 1, 2004; 9(5): e5 - e5. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|