Circulation. 2003;108:2230-2235
Published online before print October 13, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000095031.51492.C5
Published online before print October 13, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000095031.51492.C5
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(Circulation. 2003;108:2230.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Prognostic Significance of Small-Artery Structure in Hypertension
From the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy.
Correspondence to Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Chair of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2a Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazza Spedali Civili 1, 25100 Brescia, Italy. E-mail rizzoni{at}med.unibs.it
Received February 26, 2003; de novo received May 14, 2003; revision received July 16, 2003; accepted August 1, 2003.
Background— The presence of structural alterations in the microcirculation may be considered an important mechanism of organ damage; however, it is not currently known whether structural alterations of small arteries may predict fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events.
Methods and Results— One hundred twenty-eight patients were included in the present study. There were 59 patients with essential hypertension, 17 with pheochromocytoma, 20 with primary aldosteronism, 12 with renovascular hypertension, and 20 normotensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. All subjects were submitted to a biopsy of subcutaneous fat. Small resistance arteries were dissected and mounted on an isometric myograph, and the tunica media-to-internal lumen ratio (M/L) was measured. The subjects were reevaluated after an average follow-up time of 5.4 years. Thirty-seven subjects had a documented fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular event (5.32 events/100 patients per year). In the subcutaneous small arteries of subjects with cardiovascular events, a smaller internal diameter and a clearly greater M/L was observed. Our subjects were subdivided according to the presence of an M/L greater or smaller than the mean and median values observed in the whole population (0.098) or mean value +2 SD of our normal subjects (0.11). Life-table analyses showed a significant difference in event-free survival between the subgroups. Cox’s proportional hazard model, considering all known cardiovascular risk factors, indicated that only pulse pressure (P=0.009) and M/L (P<0.0001) were significantly associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Conclusions— Our results strongly indicate a relevant prognostic role of structural alterations in small resistance arteries of a high-risk population.
Key Words: vessels • prognosis • arteries • remodeling • hypertension
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