Circulation. 2003;107:2134-2139
Published online before print April 14, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000062649.63838.C9
Published online before print April 14, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000062649.63838.C9
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(Circulation. 2003;107:2134.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Basic Science Reports |
Assessment of the Tissue Distribution of Transplanted Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Radioactive Labeling
From the Department of Molecular Cardiology (A.A., C.B., B.A., A.M.Z., S.D.), Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Frankfurt, and the Department of Nuclear Medicine (W.B., M.Z., S.M., T.E., E.H.), University of Kiel, Germany.
Correspondence to Stefanie Dimmeler, PhD, Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Frankfurt, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany. E-mail dimmeler{at}em.uni-frankfurt.de
Background— Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) improves vascularization and left ventricular function after experimental myocardial ischemia. However, tissue distribution of transplanted EPCs has not yet been monitored in living animals. Therefore, we tested whether radioactive labeling allows us to detect injected EPCs.
Methods and Results— Human EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood, characterized by expression of endothelial marker proteins, and radioactively labeled with [111In]indium oxine. EPCs (106) were injected in athymic nude rats 24 hours after myocardial infarction (n=8) or sham operation (n=8). Scintigraphic images were acquired after 1, 24, 48, and 96 hours after EPC injection. Animals were then killed, and specific radioactivity was measured in different tissues. At 24 to 96 hours after intravenous injection of EPCs, 
70% of the radioactivity was localized in the spleen and liver, with only 1% of the radioactivity identified in the heart of sham-operated animals. After myocardial infarction, the heart-to-muscle radioactivity ratio increased significantly, from 1.02±0.19 in sham-operated animals to 2.03±0.37 after intravenous administration of EPCs. Injection of EPCs into the left ventricular cavity increased this ratio profoundly, from 2.69±1.54 in sham-operated animals to 4.70±1.55 (P<0.05) in rats with myocardial infarction. Immunostaining of cryosections from infarcted hearts confirmed that EPCs homed predominantly to the infarct border zone.
Conclusions— Although only a small proportion of radiolabeled EPCs are detected in nonischemic myocardium, myocardial infarction increases homing of transplanted EPCs in vivo profoundly. Radiolabeling might eventually provide an useful tool for monitoring the fate of transplanted progenitor cells and for clinical cell therapy.
Key Words: myocardial infarction • imaging • radioisotopes • angiogenesis • cells
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