Donate Help Contact The AHA Sign In Home
American Heart Association
Circulation
Search: search_blue_button Advanced Search
« Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article »
Circulation. 2003;107:87-92
Published online before print December 2, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000042700.48769.59
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
107/1/87    most recent
01.CIR.0000042700.48769.59v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Shlipak, M. G.
Right arrow Articles by Psaty, B. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Shlipak, M. G.
Right arrow Articles by Psaty, B. M.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
*Compound via MeSH
*Substance via MeSH
Medline Plus Health Information
*Kidney Failure
Related Collections
Right arrow Epidemiology
Right arrow Coagulation
Right arrow Fibrinolysis

(Circulation. 2003;107:87.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.

Clinical Investigation and Reports

Elevations of Inflammatory and Procoagulant Biomarkers in Elderly Persons With Renal Insufficiency

Michael G. Shlipak, MD, MPH; Linda F. Fried, MD, MPH; Casey Crump, MD, PhD; Anthony J. Bleyer, MD; Teri A. Manolio, MD, PhD; Russell P. Tracy, PhD; Curt D. Furberg, MD, PhD; Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhD

From the Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco (M.G.S.); Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and the Renal Section, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System (L.F.F.); Departments of Medicine (B.M.P.), Epidemiology (B.M.P., C.C.), and Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle; the Section of Nephrology (A.J.B.) and the Department of Public Health Sciences (C.D.F.), Wake Forest/Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; the Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md (T.A.M.); and the Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, the University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vt (R.P.T.).

Correspondence to Michael G. Shlipak, MD, MPH, VA Medical Center (111A1), 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121. E-mail shlip{at}itsa.ucsf.edu

Background— Renal insufficiency has been associated with cardiovascular disease events and mortality in several prospective studies, but the mechanisms for the elevated risk are not clear. Little is known about the association of renal insufficiency with inflammatory and procoagulant markers, which are potential mediators for the cardiovascular risk of kidney disease.

Methods and Results— The cross-sectional association of renal insufficiency with 8 inflammatory and procoagulant factors was evaluated using baseline data from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based cohort study of 5888 subjects aged >=65 years. C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, factor VIIc, and factor VIIIc levels were measured in nearly all participants; interleukin-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, plasmin-antiplasmin complex, and D-dimer levels were measured in nearly half of participants. Renal insufficiency was defined as a serum creatinine level >=1.3 mg/dL in women and >=1.5 mg/dL in men. Multivariate linear regression was used to compare adjusted mean levels of each biomarker in persons with and without renal insufficiency after adjustment for other baseline characteristics. Renal insufficiency was present in 647 (11%) of Cardiovascular Health Study participants. After adjustment for baseline differences, levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin-6, factor VIIc, factor VIIIc, plasmin-antiplasmin complex, and D-dimer were significantly greater among persons with renal insufficiency (P<0.001). In participants with clinical, subclinical, and no cardiovascular disease at baseline, the positive associations of renal insufficiency with these inflammatory and procoagulant markers were similar.

Conclusion— Renal insufficiency was independently associated with elevations in inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers. These pathways may be important mediators leading to the increased cardiovascular risk of persons with kidney disease.


Key Words: inflammation • coagulation • kidney • coronary disease




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 CJASNHome page
Y. P. Liew, J. R. Bartholomew, S. Demirjian, J. Michaels, and M. J. Schreiber Jr.
Combined Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease and Peripheral Arterial Disease on All-Cause Mortality in a High-Risk Population
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2008; 3(4): 1084 - 1089.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
S. Yende, G. D'Angelo, J. A. Kellum, L. Weissfeld, J. Fine, R. D. Welch, L. Kong, M. Carter, D. C. Angus, and for the GenIMS Investigators
Inflammatory Markers at Hospital Discharge Predict Subsequent Mortality after Pneumonia and Sepsis
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2008; 177(11): 1242 - 1247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
D. D. Schocken, E. J. Benjamin, G. C. Fonarow, H. M. Krumholz, D. Levy, G. A. Mensah, J. Narula, E. S. Shor, J. B. Young, and Y. Hong
Prevention of Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Councils on Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Cardiology, Cardiovascular Nursing, and High Blood Pressure Research; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group; and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Group
Circulation, May 13, 2008; 117(19): 2544 - 2565.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CJASNHome page
A. Mittalhenkle, C. O. Stehman-Breen, M. G. Shlipak, L. F. Fried, R. Katz, B. A. Young, S. Seliger, D. Gillen, A. B. Newman, B. M. Psaty, et al.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Incident Acute Renal Failure in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2008; 3(2): 450 - 456.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
M. J. Sarnak, R. Katz, L. F. Fried, D. Siscovick, B. Kestenbaum, S. Seliger, D. Rifkin, R. Tracy, A. B. Newman, M. G. Shlipak, et al.
Cystatin C and Aging Success
Arch Intern Med, January 28, 2008; 168(2): 147 - 153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J EpidemiolHome page
H. Chen, E. J. O'Reilly, M. A. Schwarzschild, and A. Ascherio
Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Risk of Parkinson's Disease
Am. J. Epidemiol., January 1, 2008; 167(1): 90 - 95.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
M. Khatri, C. B. Wright, T. L. Nickolas, M. Yoshita, M. C. Paik, G. Kranwinkel, R. L. Sacco, and C. DeCarli
Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With White Matter Hyperintensity Volume: The Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS)
Stroke, December 1, 2007; 38(12): 3121 - 3126.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
M. B. Chonchol, V. Aboyans, P. Lacroix, G. Smits, T. Berl, and M. Laskar
Long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting: Preoperative kidney function is prognostic
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 2007; 134(3): 683 - 689.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
L. G. Glynn, D. Reddan, J. Newell, J. Hinde, B. Buckley, and A. W. Murphy
Chronic kidney disease and mortality and morbidity among patients with established cardiovascular disease: a West of Ireland community-based cohort study
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2007; 22(9): 2586 - 2594.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CJASNHome page
M. Tong, J. J. Carrero, A. R. Qureshi, B. Anderstam, O. Heimburger, P. Barany, J. Axelsson, A. Alvestrand, P. Stenvinkel, B. Lindholm, et al.
Plasma Pentraxin 3 in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Associations with Renal Function, Protein-Energy Wasting, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mortality
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2007; 2(5): 889 - 897.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
S. M. Hailpern, M. L. Melamed, H. W. Cohen, and T. H. Hostetter
Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive Function in Adults 20 to 59 Years of Age: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2007; 18(7): 2205 - 2213.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
K. E. Ensrud, L.-Y. Lui, B. C. Taylor, A. Ishani, M. G. Shlipak, K. L. Stone, J. A. Cauley, S. A. Jamal, D. M. Antoniucci, S. R. Cummings, et al.
Renal Function and Risk of Hip and Vertebral Fractures in Older Women
Arch Intern Med, January 22, 2007; 167(2): 133 - 139.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J EpidemiolHome page
M. C. Odden, G. M. Chertow, L. F. Fried, A. B. Newman, S. Connelly, S. Angleman, T. B. Harris, E. M. Simonsick, M. G. Shlipak, and for the HABC Study
Cystatin C and Measures of Physical Function in Elderly Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition (HABC) Study
Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2006; 164(12): 1180 - 1189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
S. G. Wannamethee, A. G. Shaper, G. D.O. Lowe, L. Lennon, A. Rumley, and P. H. Whincup
Renal function and cardiovascular mortality in elderly men: the role of inflammatory, procoagulant, and endothelial biomarkers
Eur. Heart J., December 2, 2006; 27(24): 2975 - 2981.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
S. Goncalves, R. Pecoits-Filho, S. Perreto, S. H. Barberato, A. E. M. Stinghen, E. G. A. Lima, R. Fuerbringer, S. M. Sauthier, and M. C. Riella
Associations between renal function, volume status and endotoxaemia in chronic kidney disease patients
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., October 1, 2006; 21(10): 2788 - 2794.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JAMAHome page
S. G. Coca, H. M. Krumholz, A. X. Garg, and C. R. Parikh
Underrepresentation of renal disease in randomized controlled trials of cardiovascular disease.
JAMA, September 20, 2006; 296(11): 1377 - 1384.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
N. de Rekeneire, R. Peila, J. Ding, L. H. Colbert, M. Visser, R. I. Shorr, S. B. Kritchevsky, L. H. Kuller, E. S. Strotmeyer, A. V. Schwartz, et al.
Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, and Inflammation in Older Individuals: The Health, Aging and Body Composition study
Diabetes Care, August 1, 2006; 29(8): 1902 - 1908.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
K. Amann, C. Wanner, and E. Ritz
Cross-Talk between the Kidney and the Cardiovascular System
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2006; 17(8): 2112 - 2119.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
N. Koren-Morag, U. Goldbourt, and D. Tanne
Renal dysfunction and risk of ischemic stroke or TIA in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Neurology, July 25, 2006; 67(2): 224 - 228.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.Home page
L. F. Fried, M. G. Shlipak, C. Stehman-Breen, A. Mittalhenkle, S. Seliger, M. Sarnak, J. Robbins, D. Siscovick, T. B. Harris, A. B. Newman, et al.
Kidney function predicts the rate of bone loss in older individuals: the cardiovascular health study.
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., July 1, 2006; 61(7): 743 - 748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
N. Dhaun, J. Goddard, and DavidJ. Webb
The Endothelin System and Its Antagonism in Chronic Kidney Disease
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2006; 17(4): 943 - 955.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
A. Rashidi, M. Rahman, M. Tonelli, C. Isles, T. Craven, C. Furberg, A. Tonkin, M. A. Pfeffer, J. Shepherd, S. M. Cobbe, et al.
Letter Regarding Article by Tonelli et al, "Effect of Pravastatin on Rate of Kidney Function Loss in People With or at Risk for Coronary Disease" * Response
Circulation, January 31, 2006; 113(4): e59 - e60.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
R. W. Schrier
Role of Diminished Renal Function in Cardiovascular Mortality: Marker or Pathogenetic Factor?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 3, 2006; 47(1): 1 - 8.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
M. G. Shlipak, C. L. W. Fyr, G. M. Chertow, T. B. Harris, S. B. Kritchevsky, F. A. Tylavsky, S. Satterfield, S. R. Cummings, A. B. Newman, and L. F. Fried
Cystatin C and Mortality Risk in the Elderly: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2006; 17(1): 254 - 261.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
N. A. Khan, I. Ma, C. R. Thompson, K. Humphries, D. N. Salem, M. J. Sarnak, and A. Levin
Kidney Function and Mortality among Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2006; 17(1): 244 - 253.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
L. F. Fried, R. Katz, M. J. Sarnak, M. G. Shlipak, P. H.M. Chaves, N. S. Jenny, C. Stehman-Breen, D. Gillen, A. J. Bleyer, C. Hirsch, et al.
Kidney Function as a Predictor of Noncardiovascular Mortality
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2005; 16(12): 3728 - 3735.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
M. Nishimura, T. Hashimoto, H. Kobayashi, T. Fukuda, K. Okino, N. Yamamoto, C. Mashida, K. Kawagoe, H. Fujita, N. Inoue, et al.
Close association of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA seropositivity by ELISA with the presence of coronary artery stenosis in haemodialysis patients
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2005; 20(9): 1944 - 1950.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
E. S. Strotmeyer, J. A. Cauley, A. V. Schwartz, M. C. Nevitt, H. E. Resnick, D. C. Bauer, F. A. Tylavsky, N. de Rekeneire, T. B. Harris, and A. B. Newman
Nontraumatic Fracture Risk With Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Older White and Black Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
Arch Intern Med, July 25, 2005; 165(14): 1612 - 1617.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
M. Kurella, G. M. Chertow, L. F. Fried, S. R. Cummings, T. Harris, E. Simonsick, S. Satterfield, H. Ayonayon, and K. Yaffe
Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2005; 16(7): 2127 - 2133.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
R. Vanholder, Z. Massy, A. Argiles, G. Spasovski, F. Verbeke, N. Lameire, and for the European Uremic Toxin Work Group (EUTox)
Chronic kidney disease as cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., June 1, 2005; 20(6): 1048 - 1056.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
M. Di Napoli, M. Schwaninger, R. Cappelli, E. Ceccarelli, G. Di Gianfilippo, C. Donati, H. C.A. Emsley, S. Forconi, S. J. Hopkins, L. Masotti, et al.
Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein Measurement for Assessing the Risk and Prognosis in Ischemic Stroke: A Statement for Health Care Professionals From the CRP Pooling Project Members
Stroke, June 1, 2005; 36(6): 1316 - 1329.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
M. J. Sarnak, R. Katz, C. O. Stehman-Breen, L. F. Fried, N. S. Jenny, B. M. Psaty, A. B. Newman, D. Siscovick, M. G. Shlipak, and and the Cardiovascular Health Study*
Cystatin C Concentration as a Risk Factor for Heart Failure in Older Adults
Ann Intern Med, April 5, 2005; 142(7): 497 - 505.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
M. Saemann, T Weichhart, M Zeyda, G Staffler, M Schunn, K. Stuhlmeier, Y Sobanov, T. Stulnig, S Akira, A von Gabain, et al.
Immunoregulation in Urinary Tract Inflammation--A Role of Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein: Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein Links Innate Immune Cell Activation with Adaptive Immunity via a Toll-Like Receptor-4-Dependent Mechanism. J Clin Invest 115: 468-475, 2005
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2005; 16(4): 829 - 836.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
E. M. Stuveling, S. J. L. Bakker, H. L. Hillege, P. E. de Jong, R. O. B. Gans, and D. de Zeeuw
Biochemical risk markers: a novel area for better prediction of renal risk?
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., March 1, 2005; 20(3): 497 - 508.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
W. Koenig, D. Twardella, H. Brenner, and D. Rothenbacher
Plasma Concentrations of Cystatin C in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Risk for Secondary Cardiovascular Events: More than Simply a Marker of Glomerular Filtration Rate
Clin. Chem., February 1, 2005; 51(2): 321 - 327.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
L. Fried, C. Solomon, M. Shlipak, S. Seliger, C. Stehman-Breen, A. J. Bleyer, P. Chaves, C. Furberg, L. Kuller, and A. Newman
Inflammatory and Prothrombotic Markers and the Progression of Renal Disease in Elderly Individuals
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2004; 15(12): 3184 - 3191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
M. C. Odden, M. A. Whooley, and M. G. Shlipak
Association of Chronic Kidney Disease and Anemia with Physical Capacity: The Heart and Soul Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2004; 15(11): 2908 - 2915.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
R. Gupta, Y. Birnbaum, and B. F. Uretsky
The renal patient with coronary artery disease: Current concepts and dilemmas
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 6, 2004; 44(7): 1343 - 1353.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NEJMHome page
A. S. Go, G. M. Chertow, D. Fan, C. E. McCulloch, and C.-y. Hsu
Chronic Kidney Disease and the Risks of Death, Cardiovascular Events, and Hospitalization
N. Engl. J. Med., September 23, 2004; 351(13): 1296 - 1305.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
C. S. Fox, Q. Yang, L. A. Cupples, C.-Y. Guo, M. G. Larson, E. P. Leip, P. W.F. Wilson, and D. Levy
Genomewide Linkage Analysis to Serum Creatinine, GFR, and Creatinine Clearance in a Community-Based Population: The Framingham Heart Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2004; 15(9): 2457 - 2461.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
C Mueller, F-J Neumann, A P Perruchoud, and H J Buettner
Renal function and long term mortality after unstable angina/non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated very early and predominantly with percutaneous coronary intervention
Heart, August 1, 2004; 90(8): 902 - 907.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. Y.-M. Wang, M. Wang, J. Woo, C. W.-K. Lam, S.-F. Lui, P. K.-T. Li, and J. E. Sanderson
Inflammation, Residual Kidney Function, and Cardiac Hypertrophy Are Interrelated and Combine Adversely to Enhance Mortality and Cardiovascular Death Risk of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2004; 15(8): 2186 - 2194.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
M. G. Shlipak, G. L. Smith, S. S. Rathore, B. M. Massie, and H. M. Krumholz
Renal Function, Digoxin Therapy, and Heart Failure Outcomes: Evidence from the Digoxin Intervention Group Trial
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2004; 15(8): 2195 - 2203.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
E. L. Knight, E. B. Rimm, J. K. Pai, K. M. Rexrode, C. C. Cannuscio, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, and G. C. Curhan
Kidney Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Coronary Events: A Prospective Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2004; 15(7): 1897 - 1903.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
K. Amann, M.-L. Gross, and E. Ritz
Pathophysiology Underlying Accelerated Atherogenesis in Renal Disease: Closing in on the Target
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2004; 15(6): 1664 - 1666.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. M. O'Hare, E. Vittinghoff, J. Hsia, and M. G. Shlipak
Renal Insufficiency and the Risk of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: Results from the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2004; 15(4): 1046 - 1051.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JAMAHome page
G. M. Chertow
A 43-Year-Old Woman With Chronic Renal Insufficiency
JAMA, March 10, 2004; 291(10): 1252 - 1259.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
G. A. Kaysen and J. P. Eiserich
The Role of Oxidative Stress-Altered Lipoprotein Structure and Function and Microinflammation on Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Minor Renal Dysfunction
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2004; 15(3): 538 - 548.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
J. Segura, C. Campo, C. Roldan, H. Christiansen, L. Vigil, R. Garcia-Robles, J. L. Rodicio, and L. M. Ruilope
Hypertensive Renal Damage in Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Glucose Metabolism Disturbances
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2004; 15(90010): S37 - 42.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
J. H. Ix, M. G. Shlipak, H. H. Liu, N. B. Schiller, and M. A. Whooley
Association between Renal Insufficiency and Inducible Ischemia in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: The Heart and Soul Study
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2003; 14(12): 3233 - 3238.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
M. J. Sarnak, A. S. Levey, A. C. Schoolwerth, J. Coresh, B. Culleton, L. L. Hamm, P. A. McCullough, B. L. Kasiske, E. Kelepouris, M. J. Klag, et al.
Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular Disease: A Statement From the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention
Hypertension, November 1, 2003; 42(5): 1050 - 1065.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
M. J. Sarnak, A. S. Levey, A. C. Schoolwerth, J. Coresh, B. Culleton, L. L. Hamm, P. A. McCullough, B. L. Kasiske, E. Kelepouris, M. J. Klag, et al.
Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular Disease: A Statement From the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention
Circulation, October 28, 2003; 108(17): 2154 - 2169.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
B. Hocher, R. Ziebig, C. Altermann, R. Krause, G. Asmus, C.-M. Richter, T. Slowinski, P. Sinha, and H.-H. Neumayer
Different Impact of Biomarkers as Mortality Predictors among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2003; 14(9): 2329 - 2337.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
P. Stenvinkel, R. Pecoits-Filho, and B. Lindholm
Coronary Artery Disease in End-Stage Renal Disea