| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2001;103:1681.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Basic Science Reports |
Red Wine Does Not Reduce Mature Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
From the Department of Cardiology and Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (J.F.B., E.F.); the Departments of General Practice (E.S.) and Forensic Toxicology (C.H.), Aarhus University, Denmark; the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (J.M.); the Department of Applied Chemistry, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux II, France (N.S.); and the Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Pa (J.P.).
Correspondence to Jacob F. Bentzon, Dept of Cardiology, Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. E-mail jab{at}studmed.au.dk
Background—Red wine polyphenols and ethanol reduce fatty streak formation (early atherosclerosis) in various animal models. These experimental results support the observation that alcoholic beverages protect against myocardial infarction in humans. However, fatty streaks may not reflect the pathology of mature and clinically relevant atherosclerosis. The present study examined the effects of red wine polyphenols and ethanol on mature atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice.
Methods and Results—Eighty-four 7-week-old mice were randomized to receive water, red wine (diluted to 6% ethanol v/v), 6% ethanol v/v, or red wine powder in water. All mice were fed a normal chow diet. At 26 weeks of age, the mice were killed. HDL cholesterol was raised 12.0% (95% CI, 4.0% to 20.0%) and 9.2% (95% CI, 1.5% to 16.9%) by red wine and ethanol, respectively. At the end of study, all mice exhibited advanced atherosclerosis in the aortic bulb, whereas less mature atherosclerosis predominated in the brachiocephalic trunk. The amount of atherosclerosis in the aortic bulb and the brachiocephalic trunk were similar in all groups (P=0.92 and P=0.14, respectively). To evaluate whether ethanol or red wine polyphenols were protective by stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques rather than reducing their size, we measured the percentage of collagen-poor areas in left coronary sinus plaques as a morphological criterion of plaque stability. The percentage of collagen-poor areas did not differ between groups (P=0.71).
Conclusions—Neither ethanol nor red wine polyphenols reduced mature atherosclerosis or changed the content of collagen in plaques in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice.
Key Words: atherosclerosis • alcohol • antioxidants
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Sarr, M. Chataigneau, S. Martins, C. Schott, J. El Bedoui, M.-H. Oak, B. Muller, T. Chataigneau, and V. B. Schini-Kerth Red wine polyphenols prevent angiotensin II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats: Role of NADPH oxidase Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2006; 71(4): 794 - 802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. L. Sorensen, J. Madsen, K. Kejling, I. Tornoe, O. Nielsen, P. Townsend, F. Poulain, C. H. Nielsen, K. B. M. Reid, S. Hawgood, et al. Surfactant protein D is proatherogenic in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): H2286 - H2294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. E. Szmitko and S. Verma Antiatherogenic potential of red wine: clinician update Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2005; 288(5): H2023 - H2030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Meir and E. Leitersdorf Atherosclerosis in the Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mouse: A Decade of Progress Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2004; 24(6): 1006 - 1014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Waddington, I. B Puddey, and K. D Croft Red wine polyphenolic compounds inhibit atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice independently of effects on lipid peroxidation Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2004; 79(1): 54 - 61. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Stocker and R. A O'Halloran Dealcoholized red wine decreases atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E gene-deficient mice independently of inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the artery wall Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2004; 79(1): 123 - 130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Bro, J. F. Bentzon, E. Falk, C. B. Andersen, K. Olgaard, and L. B. Nielsen Chronic Renal Failure Accelerates Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2003; 14(10): 2466 - 2474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Teupser, A. D. Persky, and J. L. Breslow Induction of Atherosclerosis by Low-Fat, Semisynthetic Diets in LDL Receptor-Deficient C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ Mice: Comparison of Lesions of the Aortic Root, Brachiocephalic Artery, and Whole Aorta (En Face Measurement) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2003; 23(10): 1907 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Vogel Vintners and vasodilators: are French red wines more cardioprotective? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 5, 2003; 41(3): 479 - 481. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Bentzon, G. Pasterkamp, and E. Falk Expansive Remodeling Is a Response of the Plaque-Related Vessel Wall in Aortic Roots of ApoE-Deficient Mice: An Experiment of Nature Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 2003; 23(2): 257 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. J. Goldberg To Drink or Not to Drink? N. Engl. J. Med., January 9, 2003; 348(2): 163 - 164. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Peele, I. J. Goldberg, L. Mosca, M. R. Piano, and E. A. Fisher American Heart Association Advisory, "Wine and Your Heart," Is Not Science-Based Response Circulation, September 25, 2001; 104 (13): e73 - e73. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Nakata and N. Maeda Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque Morphology in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Unable to Make Ascorbic Acid Circulation, March 26, 2002; 105(12): 1485 - 1490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|